双语丨一部明清服饰的百科全书
从曹雪芹的曾祖父曹玺算起,曹家三代居江宁织造之职,专门负责皇家的织品、丝绸的制造和采买。
曹雪芹生长在“丝绸世家”,从小耳濡目染,加上天性对艺术的敏感,所以他对服饰的描写美不胜收,再现了中国封建社会大家族的生活,也展现了中华传统服饰文化的辉煌灿烂。
霍克斯教授的翻译:
The young gentleman who entered in answer to her unspoken question had a small jewel-encrusted gold coronet on the top of his head and a golden headband low down over his brow in the form of two dragons playing with a lager pearl.
He was wearing a narrow-sleeved, full skirted robe of dark red material with a pattern of flowers and butterflies in two shades of gold. It was confined at the waist with a court girdle of colored silks braided at regular intervals into elaborate clusters of knotwork and terminating in king tassels.Over the upper part of his robe he wore a jacket of slate-blue Japanese silk damask with a raised pattern of eight large medallions on the front and with tassel led borders. On his feet he had half-length dress boots of black satin with thick white soles.曹雪芹用了70个字描写贾宝玉的穿着,霍克斯的译文用了140个英文单词。我们虽然不能以字数多少论质量,但至少也能看出霍克斯的细致入微。原文花团锦簇,色彩斑斓,真不是一两句话就能解释清楚的。
宝玉所戴的“束发嵌宝紫金冠”不是真正意义上的帽子,而是贵族少年束发所戴的礼冠,一般比较小,兼具装饰和实用功能,所以,霍克斯把它译为“a small jewel encrusted gold coronet”。中国古代只有贵族戴冠,普通百姓用的是“帻”,就是将头发在头顶束起,用一块布包上就行了。
Qing-wen first unpicked the lining and slipped a bamboo embroidery-frame the size of a teacup up the back of the cape. Next she scraped away the singed edges with a knife, sewed two threads across at right angles to each other, stitched in the outline in cross-stitch, and then darned the hole to reproduce the original pattern. After couple of stitches she would stop to exam her work....(Bao-yu) heard the clock strike four just as she finished her task and was fluffing up the down with a small toothbrush.
从翻译拆开里子(unpicked the lining) ,到钉上竹弓子(a bamboo embroidery-frame the size of a teacup) ,再到用界线之法界出地子(stitched in the outline in cross-stitch),可以看出译者在这方面是有相当生活阅历的。
翻译家傅雷先生说过,一个好的翻译,要有敏感的心灵,高度的同情,一定的鉴赏能力,相当的社会经验,此四者缺一不可。以前看到过傅雷的这句话,也只是看看而已,如今重读《红楼梦》,对照学习前辈大师的译文,才对傅雷所说的“相当的社会经验”这句话有了更深刻的理解。
王晓辉 著
新世界出版社
定价:68元
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