芝加哥学派八卦和撕逼史：Howard Becker爆料

文/高行云

首发时间：2018年10月16日

荐读：Becker,Howard, “The Chicago School, So-Called,” Qualitative Sociology, 22(1), 1999, pp. 3–12.

你想象的芝加哥学派社会学，是什么样的？

1.由Small, W.I. Thomas,Mead等人创建的，融贯统一的理论流派；

a unified scheme of sociological thought, shaped by the guiding originality ofThomas and Mead, whose ideas formed a coherent and cohesive framework withinwhich research could be done.

2.Park（帕克）等人接棒第二代，做社区研究；

3.发展出象征互动论的布鲁默和Hughes

——真的这么团结吗？哪有接班不是问题的流派？

Becker作为内行人，告诉你八卦内幕！

1. 芝加哥只有so-called 芝加哥学派吗？

其实Park他们入伙芝加哥学派之前，还跟同在芝加哥的Ogburn混过。Ogburn主张的是量化的经验研究，并且也有继承人，并且和拉扎菲尔德的哥伦比亚学派有一直的合作。

Park,Burgess, and Ellsworth Faris, the people now commonly thought to have embodiedthe great Chicago tradition during the crucial years of the 20s and 30s, wereearly on joined by Ogburn, who had aquite different view of sociology and its mission. Ogburn was the greatestsingle proponent of quantitative work during those years, perhaps in the entirehistory of sociology, and was personally responsible (Laslett 1991) forconvincing the United States government that his view of sociology and socialscience—quantitative, empirical in a narrow sense, and scientific in an equallynarrow sense—was just what the government needed to do its work efficiently.Ogburn had many followers at Chicago, during both periods of the supposedefflorescence of the tradition and school: Philip Hauser and Samuel Stouffer inthe 30s, Otis Dudley Duncan and others in the 50s.

2. 就算是同派同代人，就没分歧吗？

Blumer他们早就回忆过，他们的老师们之间，甚至相互沟通和理解不了。到了Blumer这一辈也好不了多少。

Hughesand Warner regarded themselves as the “active researchers” in the department,as opposed to Wirth and Blumer who they saw as mere talkers and tenders of theflame.

例如：Blumer也认为Hughes是second-ratemind，但Hughes认为Blumer’s inability or unwillingness to do research。

3. 芝加哥学派有被遗忘的前辈吗？（风清扬~？）

W.Lloyd Warner, now somewhat forgotten, but then well-known as an author and as having provided the impetus for a number of major community studies. 

Warner受到 导师Radcliffe-Brown的影响，研究的是美国的社区，但和芝加哥学派 so-called训练，完全没关系，却对芝加哥学派的晚辈产生了影响。

例如，写《街角社会》的White，就当过Warner的助手

(Sociological理论大缸第241期）

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