SARS-CoV-2 病毒性脓毒症:临床发现和科学假说
《柳叶刀》(The Lancet)4月17日发表来自中日友好医院曹彬教授团队的论文。作者结合COVID-19的尸检病理研究以及先前对SARS-CoV-2和SARS-CoV进行的基础科学研究证据,提出了关于SARS-CoV-2发病机理的若干假设,认为病毒性脓毒症对COVID-19的发病机制至关重要。虽然未来可能会证实假设是不完美的,但作者认为这些观点可为基础研究提供思路和指导方向。
作者介绍
李辉1,刘良2,张定宇3,徐九洋4,代华平1,汤楠5,苏枭6,曹彬*1
1 中日友好医院呼吸中心,中国医学科学呼吸病学研究院,呼吸疾病国家临床研究中心
2 华中科技大学同济医学院
3 武汉金银潭医院
4 清华大学医学院
5 北京生命科学研究所
6 上海巴斯德研究所
* caobin_ben@163.com
声明
作者声明无利益冲突。
致谢
感谢南开大学曹雪涛教授的指导和对本文的修改。
感谢商潋瀚、徐九洋对本文的翻译。
参考文献(上下滑动查看)
[1]. Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 2020; published online Feb 28. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
[2]. Zhang C, Shi L, Wang FS. Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; published online March 4. https://doi.org/0.1016/S2468-1253(20)30057-1.
[3]. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016; 315: 801–10.
[4]. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China:a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020; 395: 1054–62.
[5]. Lin GL, McGinley JP, Drysdale SB, Pollard AJ. Epidemiology and immune pathogenesis of viral sepsis. Front Immunol 2018; 9: 2147.
[6]. Tian S, Hu W, Niu L, Liu H, Xu H, Xiao S-Y. Pulmonary pathology of early phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2020; published online Feb 28. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.010.
[7]. Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med 2020; 8: 420–22.
[8]. China National Health Commision. Diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia in China (trial version 7). https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/wpro---documents/countries/china/covid-19-briefing-nhc/1-clinical-protocols-for-thediagnosis-and-treatment-of-covid-19-v7.pdf?sfvrsn=c6cbfba4_2 (accessed April 14, 2020).
[9]. Yao XH, Li TY, He ZC, et al. A pathological report of three COVID-19 cases by minimally invasive autopsies. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020; 49: E009 (in Chinese).
[10]. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med 2020; 382:727–33.
[11]. Wang W, Xu Y, Gao R, et al. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens. JAMA 2020; published online March 11. DOI:10.1001/jama.2020.3786.
[12]. Zhou P, Yang X-L, Wang X-G, et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature 2020; 579: 270–73.
[13]. Hamming I, Timens W, Bulthuis MLC, Lely AT, Navis G, van Goor H. Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis. J Pathol 2004; 203: 631–37.
[14]. Jeffers SA, Tusell SM, Gillim-Ross L, et al. CD209L (L-SIGN) is a receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 15748–53.
[15]. Yu WB, Tang GD, Zhang L, Corlett RT. Decoding evolution and transmissions of novel pneumonia coronavirus using the whole genomic data. http://www.chinaxiv.org/abs/202002.00033 (accessed March 10, 2020).
[16]. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020; 395: 497–506.
[17]. Liu J, Li S, Liu J, et al. Longitudinal characteristics of lymphocyte responses and cytokine profiles in the peripheral blood of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. medRxiv 2020; published online Feb 22. DOI:10.1101/2020.02.16.20023671 (preprint).
[18]. Iwasaki A, Pillai PS. Innate immunity to influenza virus infection. Nat Rev Immunol 2014; 14: 315–28.
[19]. Dienz O, Rud JG, Eaton SM, et al. Essential role of IL-6 in protection against H1N1 influenza virus by promoting neutrophil survival in the lung. Mucosal Immunol 2012; 5: 258–66.
[20]. Russell CD, Millar JE, Baillie JK. Clinical evidence does not support corticosteroid treatment for 2019-nCoV lung injury. Lancet 2020; 395: 473–75.
[21]. Shang L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Du R, Cao B. On the use of corticosteroids for 2019-nCoV pneumonia. Lancet 2020; 395: 683–84.
[22]. Taubenberger JK, Morens DM. The pathology of influenza virus infections. Annu Rev Pathol 2008; 3: 499–522.
[23]. Gu J, Gong E, Zhang B, et al. Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS. J Exp Med 2005; 202: 415–24.
[24]. Xu X, Chen P, Wang J, et al. Evolution of the novel coronavirus from the ongoing Wuhan outbreak and modeling of its spike protein for risk of human transmission. Sci China Life Sci 2020; 63: 457–60.
[25]. Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet 2020; 395: 565–74.
[26]. Peteranderl C, Herold S. the impact of the interferon/tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand signaling axis on disease progression in respiratory viral infection and beyond. Front Immunol 2017; 8: 313.
[27]. Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost 2020; published online Feb 19. DOI:10.1111/jth.14768.
[28]. Wang PH, Cheng Y. Increasing host cellular receptor—angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ace2) expression by coronavirus may facilitate 2019-nCoV infection. bioRxiv 2020; published online Feb 27. DOI:10.1101/2020.02.24.963348 (preprint).
[29]. Sun ML, Yang JM, Sun YP, Su GH. Inhibitors of RAS might be a good choice for the therapy of COVID-19 pneumonia. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2020; 43: 219–22.
[30]. Ferrario CM, Jessup J, Chappell MC, et al. Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Circulation 2005; 111: 2605–10.
*中文翻译仅供参考,所有内容以英文原文为准。
更多论文
点击如下图片,获取中文解读
相关阅读
识别如下二维码,获取论文原文及柳叶刀公众号COVID-19论文精选
推荐阅读
点击阅读原文,查看柳叶刀 COVID-19 资源中心更多论文