BRI Asian Countries 一带一路亚洲国家 19 | Turkmenistan 土库曼斯坦
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Turkmenistan is a country in Asia, it borders Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, and Iran to the south.
土库曼斯坦是亚洲的个国家，西北与哈萨克斯坦接壤，东北接乌兹别克斯坦，东南与阿富汗接壤，南与伊朗交界。
National Anthem 国歌
The national anthem of Turkmenistan is “Garaşsyz, Bitarap Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gimni” which translates to “National Anthem of Neutral, Independent Turkmenistan.”
土库曼斯坦的国歌是“Garaşsyz, Bitarap Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gimni”意思是“独立、中立、土库曼斯坦国歌”
The national flag国旗
The flag of Turkmenistan has a green background, five white five-pointed stars, a white crescent, and 5 Gulus patterns(carpet mottifs) that have crossed olive branches at the bottom. Gulus pattern is used when manufacturing carpets, Turkmenistan is a world-renowned producer of carpets. The olive branches stand for peace, five Gulus and five stars represent the five major tribes and five provinces of the country. The stars, crescent and the green color are traditional symbols of Islam.
土库曼斯坦国旗有绿色背景，五颗白色的五角星，一个白色的新月和五个海湾图案, 图案底部有交叉橄榄枝。海湾图案是用来制造地毯，土库曼斯坦是世界著名的地毯生产国。橄榄枝代表和平，五个海湾图案和五星代表全国五大部族和省。五角星、新月和绿色是伊斯兰教的传统象征。
Currency 货币
Turkmenistan's banknotes and currencies 土库曼斯坦的钞票和硬币.
The currency used in Turkmenistan is Turkmenistan Manat.
土库曼斯坦使用的货币是土库曼斯坦马纳特。
Capital City 首度
The capital city of Turkmenistan is Ashgabat. Ashgabat is simply known as ‘the city of love’ and it features beautiful marble palaces, parklands and numerous attractions. Located in Ahal province, the city is one the fastest developing city in Asia, most travelers will agree that it is the jewel of the country when it comes to tourism.
土库曼斯坦的首都是阿什喀巴得。阿什喀巴得又称“爱情之城”，它拥有豪华建造的大理石宫殿、公园和其它许多景点。位于阿哈尔省，这个城市发展很快，它是该国的主要旅游景点。
World Record 世界纪录
The Ashgabat Flagpole is the tallest flagpole in the world. The Turkmenhashi cableway just next to the national museum offers amazing view of the city. The Tolkuchka bazaar has been named among the most colorful and attractive bazaars in Central Asia.
在阿什喀巴得的国旗旗杆是世界上最高的旗杆。在国家博物馆旁边的Turkmenhashi索道提供了令人惊叹的城市景观。托尔库卡集市被命名为中亚最精彩和最有吸引力的集市之一。
National Museum 国家博物馆
The National Museum houses some of the most unique exhibits of ancient history like the Margiana artifacts and antique items collected from the Bronze Age sites. Here you will also find beautiful exhibits of weapons, silver jewelry, dresses and musical instruments. There is also a Museum of Fine Arts which houses some of the most beautiful painting works. Other key attractions include the Turkmenistan Carpet Museum, Turkmenistan Independence Park and Turkmenistan National Values Museum.
国家博物馆收藏了一些最独特的古代历史展品，如玛吉安娜文物和青铜时代遗址收集的古董物品。在这里你还会看到武器、银饰、服饰和乐器的美丽展品。这里还有一个美术博物馆，里面有很美的绘画作品。其他主要景点包括土库曼斯坦地毯博物馆、土库曼斯坦独立公园和土库曼斯坦国家级博物馆。
Mollanepes Drama Theatre
Mollanepes戏剧院
There are other attractions such as Mollanepes Drama Theatre, Magtymguly Theatre and Pushkin Russian Theatre. You can do shopping in Yimpas Shopping Center.
其他景点包括Mollanepes戏剧院，Magtymguly剧院和普希金俄罗斯剧院。你可以在Yimpas购物中心购物。
It is said that the city's name Ashgabat comes from a Persian word “eshg” which means love and “abad”, translated as “populated” or “well-maintained”. Ashgabat is not just the capital city of Turkmenistan, but also the largest industrial, scientific and cultural center of the country.
据说这个城市的名字Ashgabat来自于一个波斯词“eshg”，意思是“爱”和“abad”翻译成"人口稠密"，"保存的很好"的意义。阿什哈巴德不仅是土库曼斯坦的首都，也是全国最大的工业、科学和文化中心。
The city is in the Guinness Records several times as below:
这座城市在吉尼斯的纪录如下：
First, it is the city with the largest number of buildings which are finished with white marble. The number of such buildings in Ashgabat is 543, and the total area of the marble finish in the city is 4.5 million square meters! Second, for the world's tallest flagpole (133 meters). Third, for the largest Ferris wheel. Fourth, for the largest fountain complex “Oguzkhan and Sons” with the fountain total area of 15 hectares! And finally, the biggest architectural monument to a star (“The Oguzkhan Star” on Turkmen television tower).
首先，它是世界上用白大理石建筑数量最多的城市。阿什哈巴德的这些建筑数量是543座，而城市中大理石饰面的总面积是450万平方米！第二是世界上最高的旗杆（133米）。第三是世界最大的摩天轮。第四是有世界上最复杂最大的喷泉“Oguzkhan and Sons”，该喷泉总面积15公顷！最后，土库曼斯坦电视塔上的“The Oguzkhan Star”。
Ancient Merv梅尔夫古城
The Silk Road city of Ancient Merv was one of the most important capitals of the Islamic world, where the recently restored mausoleum of Sultan Sanjar stands as a proud tribute to the Seljuk Empire.
丝绸之路古城梅尔夫是伊斯兰世界最重要的首都之一，最近修复的苏丹桑贾尔陵墓是塞尔柱帝国的骄傲贡品。
Kunya Urgench
One of the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Kunya-Urgench was a major trade center on the Silk Road from the 10th-14th centuries and the capital of the Khorezm region. Its architecture has influenced buildings in Iran, Afghanistan and the Moghul Empire.
在该国联合国教科文组织世界遗产地之一。昆雅乌尔根奇是10-14世纪丝绸之路上的一个主要贸易中心，也是霍雷兹姆地区的首府。它的建筑影响了伊朗、阿富汗和莫卧尔帝国的建筑。
Major Cities 主要城市
Türkmenabat 土库曼纳巴德
This city once known as Amul was an important region on the Great Silk Road.
这个曾经被称为阿穆尔的城市是丝绸之路上的一个重要地区。
Daşoguz 达奥古兹
This city was a resting point for the caravans on the Great Silk Road on the outskirts of the Khiva Khanate. Most of the city’s buildings were built during the Soviet era, including a Russian fort. Daşoguz is a multi-ethnic city, being home to Turkmens, Uzbeks, Tatars, Koreans, Russians, and Kazakhs. It boasts sports, educational, and cultural amenities, as well as industries. The ancient city of Kunya-Urgench, complete with mausoleums, minarets, and madrasas is located near Daşoguz.
这座城市古时是基瓦汗国郊外丝绸之路上商队的休息点。这里的大部分建筑都是在苏联时期建造的，其中包括一座俄罗斯堡垒。达奥古兹是一个多民族的城市，土耳其人、乌兹别克人、鞑靼人、韩国人、俄罗斯人和哈萨克人的家园。它以体育、教育和文化设施以及工业而自豪。库尼亚乌尔根奇古城位于达奥古兹附近，有陵墓、尖塔和宗教学校。
Mary 玛丽
The city of Mary lies in the oasis of the Karakum Desert, and it is inhabited by 118,840 people. The ancient city was called Merv, and it served as a watering-place on the Great Silk Road. The modern city began as an administrative center for Russian rule from 1884. The city became a large cotton producer under Russian occupation, facilitated by extensive irrigation. Natural gas is also a lucrative resource for the city.
玛丽市位于卡拉库姆沙漠的绿洲，有118840人居住。这座古城名叫梅尔夫，是丝绸之路上的一个浇水之地。这座现代化的城市从1884年开始成为俄罗斯统治的行政中心。这座城市在俄罗斯的占领下成为一个大型的棉花生产商，得到了大量灌溉的便利。天然气也是这个城市利润丰厚的资源。
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