BRI Asian Countries 一带一路亚洲国家 42 | Qatar 卡塔尔
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Qatar is a country in Asia on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, it shares land border with Saudi Arabia to the south. The capital city of Qatar is Doha and its official language is Arabic.
卡塔尔是亚洲国家，位于阿拉伯半岛东北海岸，南部与沙特阿拉伯接壤。卡塔尔首都是多哈，官方语言是阿拉伯语。
National Anthem 国歌
The national anthem of Qatar is “السلام الأميري” which means “Peace be upon the Emir” in English.
卡塔尔的国歌是“السلام الأميري”，意思是“愿埃米尔平安”。
National Flag 国旗
The Qatar national flag features two colors, white and maroon, with nine serrated edges that separate the white and maroon portions. The maroon color symbolizes the culture, history, and heritage of Qatar.
卡塔尔国旗有白色和栗色两种颜色，九个锯齿状的边缘将白色和栗色分开。栗色象征着卡塔尔的文化、历史和遗产。
Doha 多哈
Doha is the capital city of Qatar, it is a modern and rapidly developing city in the Gulf region. At the beginning of the 20th century, Doha was a fishing village. Its complete transformation started when oil reserves were developed to fuel the economy of the Qatar after the WW2.
多哈是卡塔尔首都，是海湾地区一座现代化、快速发展的城市。20世纪初，多哈是一个渔村。它的彻底转变始于第二次世界大战后开发石油储备以促进卡塔尔的经济。
Places of interest in Doha include the Museum of Islamic Art, Souq Waqif, MIA Park, Doha Corniche, Doha Tower, National Museum of Qatar, Al Wakrah, Aspire Park, Dubai Towers (The Tallest Building in Qatar), Doha Zoo, Jungle Zone Theme Park, Katara Mosque, Msheireb Museums, Clock Tower Square, etc.
多哈的名胜包括伊斯兰艺术博物馆、Souq Waqif、MIA Park、多哈Corniche、多哈塔、卡塔尔国家博物馆、Al Wakrah、Aspire Park、迪拜塔（卡塔尔最高建筑）、多哈动物园、丛林区主题公园、卡塔拉清真寺、Msheireb博物馆， 中塔广场等。
Museum of Islamic Art 伊斯兰艺术博物馆
The museum has a large collection of Islamic art spanning 1,400 years and three different continents. The collection includes ceramics, glasswork, manuscripts, metalwork, and textiles, with some incredible and well-preserved pieces such as the beautiful tilework cenotaph from Uzbekistan, decorated with poetic lamentations that mourn the departed, and The Book of Kings, which tells the history and myths of the Greater Persian Empire.
博物馆收藏了跨越1400年和三大洲的大量伊斯兰艺术品。收藏品包括陶瓷、玻璃制品、手稿、金属制品和纺织品，还有其他一些保存完好的令人难以置信的作品，例如乌兹别克斯坦美丽的瓦工纪念碑，上面装饰着悼念逝者的诗意哀歌，以及讲述大波斯帝国历史和神话的《国王之书》。
Arab Museum of Modern Art 阿拉伯现代艺术博物馆
The museum has the largest collection of modern and contemporary Arab art in the region. It contains artwork covering all of the past century, both from the Arab world and other areas, such as Turkey and India. Traditional paintings of people from the mid-twentieth century hang alongside paintings from just over ten years ago.
这个博物馆收藏了地区最大的现代和当代阿拉伯艺术。它包含了过去一个世纪的艺术品，包括阿拉伯世界和土耳其、印度等其他地区的艺术品。二十世纪中叶的传统人物画与十多年前的作品并排悬挂。
The Pearl 珍珠区
The Pearl is an artificial island on the north side of Doha Bay, built on one of major pearl diving sites, hence the name.
珍珠岛是位于多哈湾北侧的人工岛，建在珍珠潜水的主要场所之一，因此得名。
Al Rayyan 阿尔赖
Al Rayyan Stadium 阿尔赖场
Al Rayyan, located 10kms north of Doha, is one of the largest residential areas outside Doha and it houses the Qatar Equestrian Federation, the organizers behind several races and an annual Arabian horse show.
位于多哈以北10公里处的阿尔赖是多哈以外最大的居民区之一，是卡塔尔马术联合会的所在地，它是几场比赛和一年一度阿拉伯马展的组织者。
Al Wakra 阿尔瓦克拉
Al Wakra Hospital
阿尔瓦克拉医院
Located in between Umm Said and Doha, is the town of Al Wakra. Originally a tiny pearling and fishing village, Al Wakra evolved itself into a small town. The town has an Al Wakra museum in one of its old forts, that displays marine life and the history of the area.
位于乌姆赛德和多哈之间的是阿尔瓦克拉镇。它最初是一个珍珠和捕鱼行业的小村庄，后来发展成为了一个小镇。该镇的其中一个老堡垒里有阿尔瓦克拉博物馆，展示着海洋生物和地区的历史。
Al Khor 阿尔霍尔
Located 57kms in the north east-coast of Doha, Al Khor is renowned for its harbor comprising fishing boats and small crafts. It is also popular for its beaches, historic towers and mosques.
阿尔霍尔港位于多哈东北海岸57公里处，以其渔船和小型船的港口而闻名。其他最吸引人的是它的海滩、塔楼和清真寺。
Al Zubara 祖巴拉
Is located 100kms north-west of Doha, and is well-known for its old fort. This fort-turned museum was constructed during the year 1938. The fort is square shaped with circular towers in three corners and rectangular tower in the fourth corner.
这座城市位于多哈西北100公里处，以其古老的堡垒而闻名。这座堡垒改建的博物馆建于1938年。城堡呈方形，三角为圆形塔，第四角为矩形塔。
Dukhan 杜汗
Dukhan is the site of the first oil discovery in Qatar, it is located on the west coast of the peninsula, and is 84kms from Doha. The town is also well-known for its fine beaches.
杜汗位于卡塔尔半岛西海岸，距多哈84公里，是卡塔尔第一个发现石油的地方。
这个城镇也以其美丽的海滩而闻名。
Beaches 海滩
Popular beaches that are in south of Doha, on the east coast, include Al Wakrah, near the dhow harbour and the stretch of coastline extending from Messaieed down past the Sealine Beach Resort to Khor Al Udeid.
位于多哈南部、东海岸的热门海滩包括德豪港附近的艾尔瓦克拉赫海滩，以及从梅赛义德一直延伸到海林海滩度假村（Sealine Beach Resort）到霍尔乌代德（Khor Al-Udeid）的一段海岸线。
On the west coast, enjoy beaches that are in Zekreel and along the coast near the Dukhan oil fields. This includes the "palm tree" beach near Umm Bab.
在西海岸，有泽克雷尔和杜汗油田附近海岸的海滩。这包括Umm Bab附近的“棕榈树”海滩。
North of Doha offers the most options for beach lovers. Al Simaismah, on the road to Al Khor, as is Al Khor itself and the area to its immediate south-east.
多哈北部为海滩爱好者提供了最多的选择。在Al-Simaismah，在通往Al-Khor的路上都有美丽的海滩，Al-Khor本身及其东南部地区也有很多海滩。
The northern tip of Qatar has numerous fine, sandy beaches with shallow waters, ideal for families with young children. Al Huwailah, Fuwairat and Al Ghariyah also have some fine beaches.
卡塔尔北端有许多美丽的沙滩和浅水区，非常适合有小孩的游客。Al Huwailah、Fuwairat和Al Ghariyah也有一些美丽的海滩。
FIFA 2022 World Cup
The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's association football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022.
2022年国际足联世界杯定于第22届国际足联世界杯举行，这是国际足联会员协会国家队四年一度的国际男子足球锦标赛。计划2022年在卡塔尔举行。
This will be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Arab world and the first in a Muslim-majority country. This will be the second World Cup held entirely in Asia after the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan.
这将是有史以来第一次在阿拉伯世界举办世界杯，也是第一次在穆斯林人占多数的国家举办世界杯，也是继2002年韩国和日本世界杯之后，第二届完全在亚洲举行的世界杯。
In addition, the tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled for the 2026 tournament in North America.
此外，本次比赛将是最后一次涉及32支球队的比赛，将在2026年北美锦标赛中增加到48支球队。
How did Qatar get rich so fast?
卡塔尔是怎么快速变的一个土豪国家？
In just 50 years, the tiny peninsula has gone from a poor fishing country to an oil giant with the highest per-capita gross domestic product in the world at $98,800. Many suggest that the number may vastly understate the actual wealth of Qatar's 2,600,000 citizens.
在短短的50年内，这个小小的半岛就从一个贫穷的渔业国家变成了一个石油巨头，人均国内生产总值（gdp）达到了全球最高的98800美元。许多人认为，这个数字可能大大低估了卡塔尔26万公民的实际财富。
In 1939, oil was discovered at Dukhan. Development on the field was slow until 1949 because of World War II. While the oil discovery was significant, abundant natural-gas reserves were found 30 years later.
1939年，在杜汗发现了石油。由于第二次世界大战，直到1949年石油业的发展一直都没有发挥大作用。虽然石油的发现是有利于该国的发展，但30年后发现的丰富的天然气储量才是真真的让该国变的富裕。
Revenue from oil exports flooded the pockets of the ruling family, and Qatar began a slow modernization process. The country's first school, hospital, power plant, desalination plant, and telephone exchange all opened in the 1950s.
石油出口收入加入国家统治家族的腰包，卡塔尔开始了缓慢的现代化进程。该国的第一所学校、医院、发电厂、海水淡化厂和电话交换机都在20世纪50年代开放的。
Qatar has the largest natural-gas reserves in the world after Russia and Iran. Its reserves are estimated to be 896 trillion cubic feet. In the late 1990s, Qatar entered into production sharing agreements with numerous international oil companies.
卡塔尔的天然气储量仅次于俄罗斯和伊朗，它的储量估计为8.96万亿立方英尺。上世纪90年代末，卡塔尔与众多国际石油公司签订了产量分成协议。
The new companies began using horizontal drilling methods to reverse declines in oil production. Qatar's partnership with Maersk Oil resulted in the world's longest horizontal well.
这个公司开始使用水平钻井方法来扭转石油产量下降的趋势。卡塔尔与马士基石油公司的合作创造了世界上最长的水平井。
Qatar's GDP has skyrocketed over the past 15 years, thanks to steady oil production and high natural-gas production. Qatar has amassed a sovereign wealth fund of $170 billion thanks to revenues from oil and natural gas and it began to invest it.
在过去的15年里，由于稳定的石油生产和高天然气产量，卡塔尔的国内生产总值猛增。仅仅算石油和天然气的收入，卡塔尔已经积累了1700亿美元的主权财富基金。它已经开始向外投资资金。
Qatar has become one of the largest holders of real estate in London through the QIA. Qatar owns The Shard, Western Europe's largest skyscraper, as well as large parts of Canary Wharf and other parts of the city. In December 2010, Qatar was selected as a host for the 2022 FIFA World Cup. Qatar promised to build 12 state-of-the-art stadiums.
卡塔尔已通过卡塔尔投资局成为伦敦最大的房地产持有者之一。它拥有西欧最大的摩天大楼Shard，以及金丝雀码头和该市其他地区的大部分房地产。2010年12月，卡塔尔入选2022年世界杯主办国。卡塔尔承诺将建造12个最先进的体育场馆。
This is Qatar, one of the world’s richest country!
这是卡塔尔，世界上最富有的国家之一！
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