BRI Asian Countries 一带一路亚洲国家 46 | Armenia 亚美尼亚
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The Republic of Armenia is a landlocked country in Western Asia. It borders Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east and south, and Iran to the south. The capital city of Armenia is Yerevan (Erevan), its official language is Armenian.
亚美尼亚共和国是西亚的一个内陆国家。它在西部与土耳其接壤，北接格鲁吉亚，东和南部与阿塞拜疆交界，南与伊朗接壤。亚美尼亚首都是埃里温，官方语言是亚美尼亚语。
National Flag 国旗
The national flag of Armenia is a tricolor flag with three equal width horizontal stripes, from top to bottom are red, blue, and orange.
亚美尼亚国旗是三色旗，有三个等宽的横条，从上到下分别是红色、蓝色和橙色。
The constitution of the Republic of Armenia states that red color represents the Armenian Highland and the struggle of the Armenians who went through struggles to survive during the harsh times, the Christian faith, freedom, and independence. The blue color stands for the will of Armenians to live in peace beneath the peaceful blue sky. The orange color is the symbol of the creative talents and hardworking nature of Armenians.
按照亚美尼亚共和国宪法，红色代表亚美尼亚高地和亚美尼亚人在艰难时期为生存而奋斗的斗争，基督教信仰、自由和独立。蓝色代表亚美尼亚人在平静的蓝天下和平生活的意愿。橙色象征着亚美尼亚人的创造力和勤奋。
National Anthem 国歌
The national anthem of Armenia is “Mer Hayrenik” meaning “Our fatherland.”
亚美尼亚的国歌是“Mer Hayrenik”，意思是“我们的祖国”。
People 人民
Armenians make up most of the country’s population while Kurds, Russians and small numbers of Ukrainians, Assyrians and other groups make up the minority of the population. The population in 2020 is estimated at 2.96 million people.
亚美尼亚族占该国人口的大多数，而库尔德人、俄罗斯人和少数的乌克兰人、亚述人和其他占人口少数的群体。2020年人口估计为296万人。
Yerevan 埃里温
The center with Mount Ararat on the background
市中心，背景是亚拉腊山
Yerevan is the capital city of Armenia and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities on earth. Records indicate inhabitants as early as the 8th Century BC, during which time the city was called Erebuni and served as a royal and religious capital as Armenia was the first nation to adopt Christianity as its religion, early in the 4th century.
埃里温是亚美尼亚的首都，也是地球上最古老，还有人居住的城市之一。记录显示，早在公元前8世纪就已经有人居住这里，当时这个城市被称为埃雷布尼，并它作为皇家和宗教首都，这是因为亚美尼亚早在4世纪设基督教作为其宗教的国家。
Stone tools have been found in the Yerevan caves, some of them date thousands of years ago. The Shengavit site in Yerevan was settled about 3200 BCE, making it one of best-known walled Bronze Age archeological sites in the world.
考古学者在埃里温洞穴中发现了石器，其中一些可以追溯到几千年前。埃里温的圣伽维特遗址于公元前3200年左右开始有人落户，是世界上最著名的铜墙时代考古遗址之一。
World’s oldest leather shoe
世界上已知的最古老的皮鞋
Yerevan also became famous for its leather working (a leather shoe over 5,000 years old is on display in the History Museum of Armenia). Situated at the crossroads of various empires of Asia and the Near East, it has been ruled by Medes, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Persians, the Ottomans, and Russians.
埃里温也因其皮革制品而闻名（亚美尼亚历史博物馆展出着一只有5000多年历史的皮鞋）。它位于亚洲和近东各帝国的十字路口，曾被梅德斯、罗马人、拜占庭人、阿拉伯人、波斯人、奥斯曼人和俄罗斯人统治。
The rise and fall of these cultures are still reflected in the surviving architecture and culture of the city. There are numerous ancient churches in Yerevan. The tiny Katoghike Church and magnificent Cathedral of Saint Gregory the Illuminator, the largest Armenian Apostolic Church in the world. Some, however, have been destroyed, such as the 5th century Saint Paul and Peter Church (though fragments remain in history museums.)
这些文化的兴衰仍反映在城市尚存的建筑和文化中。埃里温有许多古老的教堂，比如，小小的卡托加基教堂和世界上最大的亚美尼亚使徒教堂圣格雷戈里大教堂。然而，一些已经被摧毁，例如5世纪的圣保罗和彼得教堂（尽管历史博物馆中仍有残片）。
Yerevan is also home to Yerevan Chess House. Chess and other forms of Chess have been played in Armenia since at least the 9th century, and possibly as early as the 6th, and today Armenians continue to represent their country at the highest levels of these competition.
在埃里温还有著名的埃里温国际象棋之家。国际象棋和其他形式的国际象棋至少从9或6世纪已经在亚美尼亚发展。如今，很多亚美尼亚人代表他们的国家参加国际象棋比赛获得了最出色的胜利。
Gyumri 久姆里
Gyumri is the second most populous city in Armenia, after Yerevan, it is the capital city of the Shirak Province. Historically, it is famous for playing important roles as a military post and trading center. The city has museums, parks, and numerous historical buildings.
久姆里是亚美尼亚人口第二大城市，仅次于埃里温，是希拉克省的省会城市。历史上，它作为重要的军事哨所和贸易中心而闻名。在这个城市有博物馆、公园和许多历史建筑。
Vanadzor 瓦纳佐尔
Vanadzor is the third most populous city in Armenia, it is the capital city of the Lori Province. Attractions include the old church of St. Virgin built in 1831, the new churches of Grigor the Illuminator and St. Sargis.
瓦纳佐尔是亚美尼亚第三大城市，也是洛里省省会城市。这里的景点包括建于1831年的圣母教堂、照明者格里戈教堂和圣萨吉斯教堂。
Attractions in Armenia
亚美尼亚的景点
Tatev Monastery 塔特夫修道院
This is a 9th century monastery, it is also one of the oldest and famous monasteries in Armenia.
这是一座9世纪的修道院，也是亚美尼亚最古老和著名的修道院之一。
Khor Virap 霍瑞维拉普
Khor Virap is a monastery that is close to the Armenian and Turkey border. The monastery is famous because it is where Grigor Luisavorich (St. Gregory the Illuminator) was imprisoned for 13 years before curing King Trdat the 3rd of a disease. Because of this, the king converted into Christianism and Armenia became the first officially Christian nation in the world in the year 301.
霍尔维拉普是一座靠近亚美尼亚和土耳其边境的修道院。这座修道院之所以出名，是因为它是格里戈尔路易萨沃里奇（圣格雷戈里，照明者）在治愈国王梯利达特三世疾病前被囚禁了13年的地方。被治疗后，国王皈依基督教，亚美尼亚于301年成为世界上第一个正式的基督教国家。
Geghard Monastery 格哈德修道院
Geghard Monastery was founded in the 4th century, it is believed that it is the place where the spear by which Jesus Christ was pierced on the cross by a Roman soldier is kept. The monastery and its surroundings are listed as the UNESCO World Heritage Site. Geghard monastery is partly carved out of the adjacent cliff, and some of the churches in the monastery are cut out of cliff rocks entirely.
格哈德修道院建于4世纪，据信这里保存着由罗马士兵刺穿耶稣基督的长矛的地方。寺院及其周围被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。格哈德寺院部分是从附近的悬崖上雕刻出来的，寺院的一些教堂完全是从悬崖岩石上雕刻出来的。
Other famous monasteries in Armenia include Sevan monastery and Garni Temple.
亚美尼亚其他著名的寺院包括塞万寺和加尼寺。
Vernissage Flea Market 春季跳蚤市场
This is an open-air flea market and is selling a variety of items such as jewelry, souvenirs, ceramics, carved wood, lace, needlework, dolls, paintings, carpets, and many more.
这是一个露天跳蚤市场，在这里出售各种物品，如珠宝、纪念品、陶瓷、雕刻木材、花边、针织品、娃娃、绘画、地毯等。
Dilijan Resort City 帝力江度假城
Dilijan city is usually called Armenian Switzerland or Little Switzerland because of its beauty, it is one of the most important resorts in Armenia. Apart from resorts, Dilijan is also known for its historical, cultural monuments, entertainment, etc.
帝力江市因其美丽而被称为亚美尼亚的瑞士或小瑞士，是亚美尼亚最重要的旅游胜地之一。除了旅游胜地，帝力江还以其历史、文化古迹、娱乐等闻名。
Tsaghkadzor Winter Ski Resort 察卡泽冬季滑雪场
The name means the Gorge of Flowers, Tsaghkadzor is famous for its mountain skiing slopes, thick woods and mineral water springs.
这个名字的意思是“花峡”，察卡泽以其高山滑雪坡、茂密的树林和矿泉水而闻名。
Lake Sevan 塞凡湖
Lake Sevan is the largest lake in Armenia, there are many resorts, fish restaurants and other attractions for visitors in this site.
塞凡湖是亚美尼亚最大的湖泊，这里有许多旅游胜地、鱼餐厅和其他吸引游客的景点。
Republic Square 共和广场
This is a central town square located in Yerevan.
这是位于埃里温市中心的广场。
Yerevan Cascade 埃里温倾泻
This is a giant stairwell made of limestone. There are gardens, fountains, sculptures, and at the top visitors can view the city and Mount Ararat in the background.
这是一个巨大的石灰石楼梯井，还包括花园，喷泉，雕塑，在顶部游客可以看到城市和阿拉拉特山的背景。
Mother Armenia Monument 亚美尼亚母亲纪念碑
Mother Armenia Monument represents the Soviet victory in WW2 while commemorating the Armenians who lost their lives in the war.
亚美尼亚母亲纪念碑代表着苏联在二战中的胜利，同时纪念在战争中丧生的亚美尼亚人。
Yerevan Opera Theatre 埃里温歌剧院
This is a world-famous Opera house, it was opened in 1933.
这是一座举世闻名的歌剧院，它是在1933年开业。
Old Khndzoresk Cave Village
老Khndzoresk山洞村
Khndzoresk Cave Village has a network of man-made caves that dates back to over a thousand years, the caves were still inhabited until only recently, in the 1950s.
Khndzoresk洞穴村有数多可以追溯到一千多年前的人造洞穴，直到最近，也就是1950年代，这些洞穴仍然有人居住。
Wine Festival in Areni 阿雷尼葡萄酒节
Festival in Areni has a special place in Armenia and has been celebrated on the first Saturday of October since 2009. Winemakers from all the regions of Armenia gather together for this event. On this day, there is an opportunity to taste not only the amazing local wine but also the wine from other winemakers. You can taste the products of cheese makers and various national dishes accompanied with wine. The festival is also accompanied by a dance program and traditional folk music.
阿雷尼的节日在亚美尼亚有一个特殊的意义，自2009年以来一直在10月的第一个星期六庆祝。来自亚美尼亚各地区的酿酒师齐聚一堂参加这项活动。在这一天，不仅有机会品尝当地令人惊叹的葡萄酒，还有来自其他酿酒商的葡萄酒。您可以品尝奶酪制造商的产品和各种亚美尼亚菜配葡萄酒。节日还配有舞蹈节目和传统民乐。
This festival is held in this village because in 2010, the world’s oldest well-known winery was discovered exactly in one of Areni caves. In the cave complex, an international team of researchers found a 6100-year-old fruit press for crushing grape, jugs for fermenting and even bowls for drinking.
这个节日在这个村庄举行的原因是因为在2010年，世界上最古老的著名酿酒厂正好在阿雷尼的一个洞穴中被发现。在这个洞穴综合体中，一个国际研究小组发现了一个有6100年历史的水果压榨机，用来压榨葡萄、发酵用的罐子，甚至是用来饮用的碗。
Food 美食
Staples of Armenian cuisine
亚美尼亚菜的主食
Armenian cuisine is shaped by the geography and history of the country, as well as animals and crops grown on its territory. The cuisine is rich in vegetables, meat, and fish; however, eggplant, lamb, and lavash (flatbread) make up its primary components. In addition, cracked wheat, or bulgur, is often used instead of rice and maize in Armenian cuisine.
亚美尼亚美食反映该国的地理和历史，以及在其领土上种植的动物和作物。这道菜富含蔬菜、肉类和鱼类；然而，茄子、羊肉和拉瓦什（扁平面包）是它的主要成分。此外，在亚美尼亚菜中，碎小麦或保加利亚小麦经常被用来代替大米和玉米。
In Armenia, pomegranate symbolizes life and traditional beliefs says that a mature pomegranate has 365 seeds, one for each day of the year. You will see the fruit featured in artwork, carpets, and other design patters. The apricot is the country’s national fruit, moreover, some earlier botanical names for apricots were Prunus Armeniaca and Mala Armeniaca.
在亚美尼亚，石榴象征着生命，传统观念认为成熟的石榴有365粒种子，一年中每天一粒。你会看到石榴图标在艺术品、地毯和其他设计图案中。杏是国家水果，此外，杏的一些早期植物学名称带有亚美尼亚这个名字。
关于亚美尼亚有趣的事实
The Armenian Apostolic Church was founded by two apostles of Jesus, namely, Thaddaeus and Bartholomew. They preached Christianity in Armenia between 40 to 60 AD.
亚美尼亚使徒教会是由耶稣的两个使徒，即达太和巴多罗缪建立的。公元40至60年间，他们在亚美尼亚传教。
The Armenian symbol of eternity, it is one of the most common symbols in the country’s architecture.
亚美尼亚永恒的符号，是该国建筑中最常见的符号之一。
Armenian grandmaster Levon Aronian
亚美尼亚国际象棋特级大师列文·阿罗尼安
Armenia has the most chess grandmasters per capita than any other country. Chess is part of the curriculum in all public schools.
亚美尼亚是世界上人均象棋大师最多的国家。国际象棋是所有公立学校课程的一门课。
Zvartnots archaeological site
兹瓦特诺茨考古遗址
There are six UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Armenia: Haghpat monastery, Sanahin Monastery, Echmiadzin cathedral and churches, Zvartnots archaeological site, Geghard monastery, and Azat valley.
亚美尼亚共有6处联合国教科文组织世界遗产：分别是哈格帕特修道院、萨纳欣修道院、埃奇迈德津大教堂和教堂、兹瓦特诺茨考古遗址、格哈德修道院和阿扎特山谷。
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