SpringBoot2 | 第三篇:@SpringBootApplication注解 自动化配置流程源码分析
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在上一篇博客中分析了springBoot
启动流程,大体的轮廓只是冰山一角。今天就来看一下springBoot
的亮点功能:自动化装配功能。
先从@SpringBootApplication开始。
在启动流程章节中,我们讲述了SpringBoot2大致的启动步骤,并进行了源码详解。但是在刷新容器这块并未展开,refreshContext(context);
简单的一行代码,背后却做了太多事情。所以为了不喧宾夺主,本篇也尽量选取和注解@SpringBootApplication
有关的方法讲解。
1)springBoot启动类加载
首先加载springBoot启动类注入到spring容器中bean map中,看下prepareContext方法中的load方法:load(context, sources.toArray(new Object[0]));
跟进该方法最终会执行BeanDefinitionLoader
的load
方法:
private int load(Object source) {
Assert.notNull(source, "Source must not be null");
//如果是class类型,启用注解类型
if (source instanceof Class<?>) {
return load((Class<?>) source);
}
//如果是resource类型,启用xml解析
if (source instanceof Resource) {
return load((Resource) source);
}
//如果是package类型,启用扫描包,例如:@ComponentScan
if (source instanceof Package) {
return load((Package) source);
}
//如果是字符串类型,直接加载
if (source instanceof CharSequence) {
return load((CharSequence) source);
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid source type " + source.getClass());
}
继续跟进load(Class<?> source)
方法:
上述方法判断启动类中是否包含@component
注解,可我们的启动类并没有该注解。继续跟进会发现,AnnotationUtils
判断是否包含该注解是通过递归实现,注解上的注解若包含指定类型也是可以的。
启动类中包含@SpringBootApplication
注解,进一步查找到@SpringBootConfiguration
注解,然后查找到@Component
注解,最后会查找到@Component
注解:
public Configuration {
}
在查找到@Component
注解后,表面该对象为spring bean,然后会将其信息包装成 beanDefinitaion ,添加到容器的 beanDefinitionMap中。如下:
如此一来,我们的启动类就被包装成AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition
了,后续启动类的处理都基于该对象了。
2)自动装配的入口:
从刷新容器开始:
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
//...
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
//...
}
上述省去了不相关的代码,继续跟进invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors
方法:
protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
//开始执行beanFactoryPostProcessor对应实现类
PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());
// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found in the meantime
// (e.g. through an @Bean method registered by ConfigurationClassPostProcessor)
if (beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}
}
首先我们要知道beanFactoryPostProcessor
接口是spring的扩展接口,从名字也可以看出,是 beanFactory的扩展接口。在刷新容器之前,该接口可用来修改bean元数据信息。具体实现方式,我们继续跟着上述执行逻辑便知。
继续跟进上面invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors
方法,第一行很关键:
PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());
一个比较核心的代理类出现了,AbstractApplicationContext委托执行post processors任务的工具类。
而在项目启动时会委托什么任务呢?
或许你还记得第一篇博客中介绍的SpringApplication类中applyInitializers(context);
方法吧,它会将三个默认的内部类加入到 spring 容器DefaultListableBeanFactory
中,如下:
//设置配置警告
ConfigurationWarningsApplicationContextInitializer$ConfigurationWarningsPostProcessor
SharedMetadataReaderFactoryContextInitializer$CachingMetadataReaderFactoryPostProcessor
ConfigFileApplicationListener$PropertySourceOrderingPostProcessor
来看一下具体任务执行细节,跟进invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors
方法:
if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory;
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors = new LinkedList<>();
List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryProcessors = new LinkedList<>();
//这里开始遍历上面三个内部类,如果属于BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor 子类,
//加入到bean注册的集合,否则加入到 regularPostProcessors中,从名字可以看出是有规律集合。
for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) {
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryProcessor =
(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) postProcessor;
registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
registryProcessors.add(registryProcessor);
}
else {
regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor);
}
}
// Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
// uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
// Separate between BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement
// PriorityOrdered, Ordered, and the rest.
List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
// First, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
String[] postProcessorNames =
beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
//首先执行类型为PriorityOrdered的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
//PriorityOrdered类型表明为优先执行
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
//获取对应的bean
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
//用来存储已经执行过的`BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor`
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
// Next, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
//其次执行类型为Ordered的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
//Ordered表明按顺序执行
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
// Finally, invoke all other BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors until no further ones appear.
boolean reiterate = true;
//循环中执行类型不为PriorityOrdered,Ordered类型的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
while (reiterate) {
reiterate = false;
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
reiterate = true;
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
}
// Now, invoke the postProcessBeanFactory callback of all processors handled so far.
//执行父类方法,优先执行注册处理类
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryProcessors, beanFactory);
//执行有规则处理类
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory);
}
来分析一下核心代码:
String[] postProcessorNames =beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
这行代码通过类型BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
获取的处理类名称为:"org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor"
而在源码中却搜不到internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor
类,为什么呢?最初看这块代码确实迷惑了半天。
在第一篇博客中,当启动springBoot,创建springBoot容器上下文AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext
时,会装配几个默认bean:
public AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext() {
//在这里装配
this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
}
继续跟进会执行registerAnnotationConfigProcessors
方法:
public static final String CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME =
"org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor";
//将 internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor 对应的类包装成 RootBeanDefinition 加载到容器
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
到这里,答案清晰浮现。internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor
为bean名称,容器中真正的类则是ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
。
继续后面流程,获取ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
后,开始执行BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
:
//开始执行装配逻辑
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, registry);
3)开始执行自动配置逻辑(启动类指定的配置,非默认配置):
如上如:首先获得ConfigurationClassParser
,这个是所有配置类的解析类,比较核心。所有的解析逻辑在parser.parse(candidates);
中,我们详细的来看一下:
public void parse(Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates) {
this.deferredImportSelectors = new LinkedList<DeferredImportSelectorHolder>();
for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : configCandidates) {
BeanDefinition bd = holder.getBeanDefinition();
try {
//是否是注解类
if (bd instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
parse(((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) bd).getMetadata(), holder.getBeanName());
}
else if (bd instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition && ((AbstractBeanDefinition) bd).hasBeanClass()) {
parse(((AbstractBeanDefinition) bd).getBeanClass(), holder.getBeanName());
}
else {
parse(bd.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
}
}
catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Failed to parse configuration class [" + bd.getBeanClassName() + "]", ex);
}
}
//执行配置类
processDeferredImportSelectors();
}
继续跟进parse
方法:
protected void processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClass configClass) throws IOException {
//...省略不核心代码
// Recursively process the configuration class and its superclass hierarchy.
SourceClass sourceClass = asSourceClass(configClass);
do {
//循环处理bean,如果有父类,则处理父类。直至结束。
sourceClass = doProcessConfigurationClass(configClass, sourceClass);
}
while (sourceClass != null);
this.configurationClasses.put(configClass, configClass);
}
继续跟进doProcessConfigurationClass
方法,该方法可以说是 spring 框架支持注解配置的核心逻辑了,来看看:
protected final SourceClass doProcessConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass sourceClass) throws IOException {
//处理内部类逻辑,由于传来的参数是我们的启动类,不含内部类,所以跳过。
processMemberClasses(configClass, sourceClass);
// Process any @PropertySource annotations
//针对属性配置的解析
for (AnnotationAttributes propertySource : AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
sourceClass.getMetadata(), PropertySources.class, org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource.class)) {
if (this.environment instanceof ConfigurableEnvironment) {
processPropertySource(propertySource);
}
else {
logger.warn("Ignoring @PropertySource annotation on [" + sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName() +
"]. Reason: Environment must implement ConfigurableEnvironment");
}
}
//这里是根据启动类 @ComponentScan 注解来扫描项目中的bean
AnnotationAttributes componentScan = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ComponentScan.class);
if (componentScan != null && !this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {
// The config class is annotated with @ComponentScan -> perform the scan immediately
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> scannedBeanDefinitions =
this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
// Check the set of scanned definitions for any further config classes and parse recursively if necessary
//遍历我们项目中的bean,如果是注解定义的bean,则进一步解析
for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : scannedBeanDefinitions) {
//判断是否是注解bean
if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(holder.getBeanDefinition(), this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
//这里是关键,递归解析。所有的bean,如果有注解,会进一步解析注解中包含的bean
parse(holder.getBeanDefinition().getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
}
}
}
// Process any @Import annotations
//这里又是一个递归解析,获取导入的配置类。很多情况下,导入的配置类中会同样包含导入类注解。
processImports(configClass, sourceClass, getImports(sourceClass), true);
// Process any @ImportResource annotations
//解析导入的 xml 配置类
if (sourceClass.getMetadata().isAnnotated(ImportResource.class.getName())) {
AnnotationAttributes importResource = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ImportResource.class);
String[] resources = importResource.getAliasedStringArray("locations", ImportResource.class, sourceClass);
Class<? extends BeanDefinitionReader> readerClass = importResource.getClass("reader");
for (String resource : resources) {
String resolvedResource = this.environment.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(resource);
configClass.addImportedResource(resolvedResource, readerClass);
}
}
// Process individual @Bean methods
Set<MethodMetadata> beanMethods = sourceClass.getMetadata().getAnnotatedMethods(Bean.class.getName());
for (MethodMetadata methodMetadata : beanMethods) {
configClass.addBeanMethod(new BeanMethod(methodMetadata, configClass));
}
// 获取接口中的默认方法,1.8以上的处理逻辑
for (SourceClass ifc : sourceClass.getInterfaces()) {
beanMethods = ifc.getMetadata().getAnnotatedMethods(Bean.class.getName());
for (MethodMetadata methodMetadata : beanMethods) {
if (!methodMetadata.isAbstract()) {
// A default method or other concrete method on a Java 8+ interface...
configClass.addBeanMethod(new BeanMethod(methodMetadata, configClass));
}
}
}
// Process superclass, if any
//如果该类有父类,则继续返回。上层方法判断不为空,则继续递归执行。
if (sourceClass.getMetadata().hasSuperClass()) {
String superclass = sourceClass.getMetadata().getSuperClassName();
if (!superclass.startsWith("java") && !this.knownSuperclasses.containsKey(superclass)) {
this.knownSuperclasses.put(superclass, configClass);
// Superclass found, return its annotation metadata and recurse
return sourceClass.getSuperClass();
}
}
// No superclass -> processing is complete
//递归实现,superclass为空,则结束递归中的循环
return null;
}
来看一下获取导入配置类的逻辑:
processImports(configClass, sourceClass, getImports(sourceClass), true);
跟进getImports
方法:
可以看到我自定义的bean以导入的方式被加载进去了。另外processImports
方法执行逻辑和上述parse
方法类似,同样采用递归处理,这里就不做展开了。
4)开始执行 SpringBoot 默认配置逻辑
继续回到ConfigurationClassParser
中的parse
方法,回到该方法的最后一步:
public void parse(Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates) {
//...
//开始执行默认配置
processDeferredImportSelectors();
}
继续跟进该方法processDeferredImportSelectors
:
private void processDeferredImportSelectors() {
List<DeferredImportSelectorHolder> deferredImports = this.deferredImportSelectors;
this.deferredImportSelectors = null;
Collections.sort(deferredImports, DEFERRED_IMPORT_COMPARATOR);
for (DeferredImportSelectorHolder deferredImport : deferredImports) {
ConfigurationClass configClass = deferredImport.getConfigurationClass();
try {
//获取配置类
String[] imports = deferredImport.getImportSelector().selectImports(configClass.getMetadata());
//再次递归解析配置类
processImports(configClass, asSourceClass(configClass), asSourceClasses(imports), false);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException("Failed to process import candidates for configuration class [" +
configClass.getMetadata().getClassName() + "]", ex);
}
}
}
getImportSelector()
方法获取的 selector对象为EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector
,继续跟进该对象的selectImports
方法:
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
try {
AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(metadata);
//获取默认配置类
List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(metadata,
attributes);
configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(metadata, attributes);
configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
configurations = sort(configurations);
recordWithConditionEvaluationReport(configurations, exclusions);
return configurations.toArray(new String[configurations.size()]);
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}
这里的处理方式,前面的博客中已经详细介绍过了,通过class
类型来获取spring.factories
中的指定类,class
类型为:EnableAutoConfiguration
protected Class<?> getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass() {
return EnableAutoConfiguration.class;
}
springBoot
为我们提供的所有配置类如下,大概100多个:
在获取到springBoot
提供的配置后,再次调用processImports
方法进行递归解析,根据我们自定义的配置文件,进行选择性配置。
这么多的配置类,不可能全部进行加载,项目也用不了这么多。选择的规则是什么呢?
后续会有完整博文详细介绍。
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