查看原文
其他

JIA 2020-04期 发布

欢迎使用JIA编辑部润色服务

↑ 点击图片查看详情




点击文章题目将跳转到SD平台阅读

全文 Open Access ! 


Special Focus: Bleeding canker of pear-An emerging devastating disease


Editorial: Bleeding canker of pear - An emerging devastating disease CHEN Gong-you

Bleeding canker (BC) of pear trees, is a devastating disease in China. The disease was originally observed in Jiangsu Province and its causal agent was identified first as Erwinia sp. in the early 1970’s and latter as a novel species, Dickeya fangzhongdai. BC is epidemically emerging prevalently from April to September annually in pear-growing regions in Zhejiang, Anhui and Shandong provinces, and threatening pear industry currently in China. To better control BC disease, it is crucial to know BC symptomatology, epidemics, etiology, and diagnostics first. The special topic of the three papers have well illustrated the points mentioned above.

The first article by Chen et al. (2020b) described in detail the symptomatology, etiology and epidemiology of BC disease. BC mainly damages pear trunks and branches with no obvious symptoms early and bacterial rusty oozes mixed with tree saps exuded from died tissues later. The diseased portions display small soft and sap-filled brown spots or red streaks with strong smells likely of yeast fermentation. Importantly in this paper, the causal agent is identified as D. fangzhongdai in memory of Prof. Fang Zhongda who was a worldwide distinguished phytopathologist at the Nanjing Agricultural University, China. The pathogen infects not only pear, but also potato, cabbage, tomato and butterfly orchid, and its virulence is stronger than D. solani on potato, implying the quarantine is necessary.Since early symptoms of BC are inconspicuous and the isolation of the pathogen from infected trees is time-consuming, the second paper (Tian et al. 2020) developed a TaqMan real-time PCR technique to determine D. fangzhongdai using specific primers basing on an elongation factor G (fusA) gene of the pathogen. Efficiently, 0.2 pg µL–1 DNA and 1×103 CFU mL–1  of the bacterium on asymptomatic trees can be detected by this technique, facilitating early and accurate diagnosis of BC five days before visible symptoms appear.Species in Dickeya genus are originally separated from Pectobacterium and Brenneria. Some Dickeya speices not only cause diseases in herbal plants, but also exist naturally in lakes or rivers. To distinguish D. fangzhongdai from other Dickeya speices, the third article (Chen et al. 2020a) reported the genome sequences of three isolates of D. fangzhongdai and compared them with other Dickeya genomes available in NCBI database. Phylogenetic analysis showed three D. fangzhongdai strains are clustered in one branch, obviously different from other seven Dickeya speices. Genetic differences are observed in D. fangzhongdai strains in some pathogenicity factors, like type III secretion system (T3SS), T3SS-secreted effector (T3SE), type IV secretion system (T4SS), type IV pili (TFPs), plant cell wall degradation enzymes (PCWDE), and membrane transport proteins, which make the pathogen unique. Interestingly, the TFP deletion makes D. fangzhongdai lose twitching motility and reduce biofilm formation and virulence in pear.The findings in the papers enrich our knowledge on how epidemic is the BC disease, what is the pathogen, what tools can be used for BC diagnosis, what are pathogenic and phylogenetic differences of the pathogen from other Dickeya species which can be employed for further quarantine detection. Believably, the D. fangzhongdai–pear pathosystem set in the reports provides a platform not only for understanding bacterial pathogenicity in the host, but also for developing new technical tools to control BC disease in agriculture.↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
CHEN Gong-you. 2020. Editorial-Bleeding canker of pear - An emerging devastating disease. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 887-888.



Bleeding canker of pears caused by Dickeya fangzhongdai: Symptoms, etiology and biology梨锈水病症状学和流行病学研究✺ CHEN Bin, TIAN Yan-li, ZHAO Yu-qiang, WANG Jia-nan, XU Zhi-gang, LI Xiang, HU Bai-shi梨锈水病主要危害梨树的主干、主枝和较大的侧生枝。发病初期,树皮上一般无明显症状。后期,受侵染的树皮表面出现溃疡斑,并从皮孔、叶痕、伤口等处渗出锈色液体。病枝干常因皮层腐烂迅速枯死。被侵染的梨树常出现叶片稀少、早期落叶和花瓣萎缩等树势衰弱的症状。此外,通过人工接种的寄主范围测定结果显示,D. fangzhongdai可侵染马铃薯、番茄、蝴蝶兰、大白菜等植物,其中对马铃薯的致病力高于目前已知对马铃薯毒力最强的Dickeya solani菌株

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
CHEN Bin, TIAN Yan-li, ZHAO Yu-qiang, WANG Jia-nan, XU Zhi-gang, LI Xiang, HU Bai-shi. 2020. Bleeding canker of pears caused by Dickeya fangzhongdai: Symptoms, etiology and biology. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 889-897.



Real-time PCR assay for detection of Dickeya fangzhongdai causing bleeding canker of pear disease in China

基于real-time PCR技术早期诊断梨锈水病菌

 TIAN Yan-li, ZHAO Yu-qiang, CHEN Bao-hui, CHEN Shuo, ZENG Rong, HU Bai-shi, LI Xiang

前期研究发现,梨锈水病早期症状不明显,梨树被锈水病菌侵染后一般需要20天左右可见典型的发病症状。目前缺少针对该病原菌的快速诊断技术,给病害的有效管理带来困难。研究以梨锈水病菌的延伸因子G (fusA)基因为靶标,建立了一种基于TaqMan探针的real-time PCR检测方法。该方法的检测极限分别是0.2 pg μL-1 DNA和1×103 CFU mL-1的菌悬液。此外,本研究建立的快速检测方法,可成功检测出病原菌侵染5天的无症状的梨树样品,该方法为梨锈水病的早期准确诊断提供方便。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
TIAN Yan-li, ZHAO Yu-qiang, CHEN Bao-hui, CHEN Shuo, ZENG Rong, HU Bai-shi, LI Xiang. 2020. Real-time PCR assay for detection of Dickeya fangzhongdai causing bleeding canker of pear disease in China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 898-905.



Genomic characteristics of Dickeya fangzhongdai isolates from pear and the function of type IV pili in the chromosome

梨锈水病菌基因组特征及IV型菌毛功能分析

 CHEN Bin, TIAN Yan-li, ZHAO Yu-qiang, WANG Yuan-jie, CHUAN Jia-cheng, LI Xiang, HU Bai-shi

该研究完成了梨锈水病菌3个代表菌株(JS5T,LN1和QZH3)的全基因组测序工作。结果发现,梨锈水病菌的3个菌株的同源性大于99%。通过与Dickeya属其他成员菌株的基因组比对,结果发现唯有梨锈水病菌的基因组含有质粒(~5 kb),其IV型菌毛编码基因簇亦比较特殊。梨锈水病菌含有的IV型分泌系统为T4SSc类型,其他菌株为T4SSa类型。此外,通过比较发现,梨锈水病菌基因组中的植物细胞壁降解酶编码基因和膜转运蛋白编码基因的数量也高于其他菌株。本研究结果从基因组学角度分析了梨锈水病菌与Dickeya属其他成员在菌株毒力、系统发育和表型特征的差异。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
CHEN Bin, TIAN Yan-li, ZHAO Yu-qiang, WANG Yuan-jie, CHUAN Jia-cheng, LI Xiang, HU Bai-shi. 2020. Genomic characteristics of Dickeya fangzhongdai isolates from pear and the function of type IV pili in the chromosome. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 906-920.



Crop Science


Gene mapping and candidate gene analysis of aberrant-floral spikelet 1 (afs1) in rice (Oryza sativa L.)水稻异花小穗突变体afs1的基因定位和候选基因分析

 ZHANG Ting, YOU Jing, YU Guo-ling, ZHANG Yi, CHEN Huan, LI Yi-dan, YE Li, YAO Wan-yue, TU Yu-jie, LING Ying-hua, HE Guang-hua, LI Yun-feng

小穗是禾本科植物特有的花序结构,然而调控其生长发育的分子机制仍不清楚。在本研究中,我们从西农1B的EMS诱变群体中鉴定了一个小穗突变体,aberrant-floral spikelet 1 (afs1)。在afs1突变体中,小穗在正常发育的花器官旁边发育出额外外稃;内稃发生不同程度的退化,同时内轮花器官发育正常或完全缺失。遗传分析结果表明afs1表型受一对隐性核基因控制。AFS1基因被定位在第4染色体上InDel标记Indel19和SSR标记RM16893之间,物理距离为128.5 kb。测序分析结果表明,在afs1突变体中,LOC_Os04g32510/LAX2基因存在一个5-bp的缺失和一个G到A碱基的替换,从而导致了翻译的提前终止。这些研究表明,AFS1可能是LAX2的新等位基因,并且通过调控与花器官发育相关基因的表达而参与花器官的发育。以上结果表明LAX2可能具有调节小穗发育的新功能。↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
ZHANG Tin, YOU Jing, YU Guo-ling, ZHANG Yi, CHEN Huan, LI Yi-dan, YE Li, YAO Wan-yue, TU Yu-jie, LING Ying-hua, HE Guang-hua, LI Yun-feng. 2020. Gene mapping and candidate gene analysis of aberrant-floral spikelet 1 (afs1) in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 921-930.



Molecular detection of the powdery mildew resistance genes in winter wheats DH51302 and Shimai 26冬小麦DH51302和石麦26的抗白粉病基因分子检测

 QU Yun-feng, WU Pei-pei, HU Jing-huang, CHEN Yong-xing, SHI Zhan-liang, QIU Dan, LI Ya-hui, ZHANG Hong-jun, ZHOU Yang, YANG Li, LIU Hong-wei, ZHU Tong-quan, LIU Zhi-yong, ZHANG Yan-ming, LI Hong-jie

抗白粉病是小麦育种的一个重要目标性状。小麦品种的抗白粉病基因信息对于亲本选择非常重要。来自良星99的小麦品系DH51302和来自济麦22的小麦品种石麦26对13个白粉菌菌株表现相同的反应型。利用DH51302和石麦26与高感白粉病品种中作9504杂交组合的F2:3家系开展抗病基因的分子定位研究。采用14个与良星99中Pm52连锁的多态性标记分别构建了PmDH51302PmSM26的遗传连锁图谱。这两个抗病基因位于Pm52相同的遗传区间。基因连锁分子标记的分析结果表明,PmDH51302PmSM26与2BL染色体上的其他抗白粉病基因(例如Pm6Pm33Pm51MlZec1MlAB10PmWE35)均不相同。根据对不同白粉菌菌株的反应、分子标记定位结果和系谱信息,DH51302和石麦26具有相同的抗白粉病基因Pm52。 

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
QU Yun-feng, WU Pei-pei, HU Jing-huang, CHEN Yong-xing, SHI Zhan-liang, QIU Dan, LI Ya-hui, ZHANG Hong-jun, ZHOU Yang, YANG Li, LIU Hong-wei, ZHU Tong-quan, LIU Zhi-yong, ZHANG Yan-ming, LI Hong-jie. 2020. Molecular detection of the powdery mildew resistance genes in winter wheats DH51302 and Shimai 26. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 931-940.



Heterologous expression of the ThIPK2 gene enhances drought resistance of common wheat

异源表达ThIPK2基因增强了普通小麦的抗旱性

 ZHANG Shu-juan, LI Yu-lian, SONG Guo-qi, GAO Jie, ZHANG Rong-zhi, LI Wei, CHEN Ming-li, LI Gen-yingThIPK2是从盐芥(Thellungiella halophila)里克隆的多磷酸肌醇激酶基因,参与多种细胞活动。干旱是小麦生产的主要限制因素。本论文研究了ThIPK2基因的应用是否能够提高转基因小麦的抗旱性。我们将ThIPK2基因进行密码子优化,构建了由来自玉米的组成型启动子ubiquitin或来自拟南芥的胁迫诱导型启动子rd29A驱动的植物表达载体,分别通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化转入小麦。分子生物学检测确认获得的再生植株为转基因小麦。与未转基因对照植株相比,过表达ThIPK2基因能够显著提高转基因小麦的抗旱性。在干旱处理条件下,转基因植株与对照植株相比,具有较高的种子萌发率,发达的根系系统,较高的相对含水量(RWC)和可溶性总糖含量,以及更低的细胞膜损伤。不同的启动子使目的基因具有不同的表达特性。密码子优化的ThIPK2基因可以作为利用基因工程提高小麦抗旱性的候选基因。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
ZHANG Shu-juan, LI Yu-lian, SONG Guo-qi, GAO Jie, ZHANG Rong-zhi, LI Wei, CHEN Ming-li, LI Gen-ying. 2020. Heterologous expression of the ThIPK2 gene enhances drought resistance of common wheat. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 941-952.



Concentration difference of auxin involved in stem development in soybean

生长素浓度差异参与大豆幼苗主茎形成

 JIANG Zhen-feng, LIU Dan-dan, WANG Tian-qiong, LIANG Xi-long, CUI Yu-hai, LIU Zhi-hua, LI Wen-bin

生长素通过浓度变化参与原基细胞的分裂和伸长,进而参与植物株型构建。大豆幼苗嫩茎细胞分裂和伸长是大豆株高和抗倒伏能力形成的关键因素。但是,大豆幼苗嫩茎细胞分裂和伸长与株高及抗倒伏能力形成的机制还没有明确。为了阐明生长素浓度参与大豆茎形成过程的分子机制,本研究分析了半矮秆大豆品种Charleston嫩茎的顶芽、细胞分裂区和细胞成熟区生长素浓度差异和相关的代谢物变化。结果表明:吲哚乙酸(IAA)和吲哚乙酸甲酯(Me-IAA)浓度在顶芽和细胞伸长区及细胞分裂区呈差异分布,形成IAA的浓度梯度。从色胺直接合成IAA、从吲哚-3-乙腈以及从IPA到IAA是依赖于色氨酸的三个主要IAA合成途径。进一步的代谢物分析结果表明类黄酮和苯丙素合成途径相关的代谢物和IAA浓度梯度变化规律相同或相反,表明这些代谢物促进或抑制IAA在大豆嫩茎的分布,与大豆嫩茎中的生长素稳态相关。本研究明确了生长素在大豆幼苗主茎发育过程中的浓度分布和稳态,为深入理解大豆主茎发育及株高形成提供分子生物学证据,也为采用适当的策略调控大豆的抗倒伏特性提供了理论依据。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
JIANG Zhen-feng, LIU Dan-dan, WANG Tian-qiong, LIANG Xi-long, CUI Yu-hai, LIU Zhi-hua, LI Wen-bin. 2020. Concentration difference of auxin involved in stem development in soybean. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 953-964. 


Screening of diverse cassava genotypes based on nitrogen uptake efficiency and yield

木薯氮高效品种的筛选

 KANG Liang, LIANG Qiong-yue, JIANG Qiang, YAO Yi-hua, DONG Meng-meng, HE Bing, GU 

Ming-hua

作为世界三大薯类作物之一,木薯是热带和亚热带地区的主要旱粮和饲料作物。木薯耐旱耐贫瘠,一般栽种于养分缺乏的丘陵和山区。氮素是影响木薯产量的主要因素之一。本文采用双因素(氮水平×品种)裂区大田试验,分析25个木薯品种在低氮条件下的产量及氮积累量差异,筛选氮高效木薯品种。两年大田试验表明,木薯的产量和氮积累量均显著受品种、土壤氮水平及年份的影响,其中土壤氮水平是造成木薯产量差异的主要因素。以低氮条件下产量和相对氮积累量作为筛选指标,从25个木薯品种中筛选出高效耐贫瘠品种(SC10),低效敏感品种(SC205和GR5)。筛选出高效耐贫瘠品种和低效敏感品种,可为进一步揭示木薯氮高效机制提供良好的研究材料。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
KANG Liang, LIANG Qiong-yue, JIANG Qiang, YAO Yi-hua, DONG Meng-meng, HE Bing, GU Ming-hua. 2020. Screening of diverse cassava genotypes based on nitrogen uptake efficiency and yield. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 965-974.



Application of brassinolide alleviates cold stress at the booting stage of rice

芸苔素内酯对孕穗期冷胁迫水稻生理特征的影响

 WANG Shi-qiang, ZHAO Hai-hong, ZHAO Li-ming, GU Chun-mei, NA Yong-guang, XIE Bao-sheng, CHENG Shi-hua, PAN Guo-jun为探讨外源芸苔素内酯(BR)对孕穗期冷水胁迫下水稻植株生理机制,以抗寒品种空育131(KY131)和冷敏感品种垦鉴稻6号(KJD6)为材料,于孕穗期进行冷水胁迫处理和常温恢复,研究BR对水稻叶片、茎和鞘生理生化指标变化的影响。结果表明,冷水胁迫下,2 mg L-1 外源BR提高了两个品种叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性,增加了可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和叶绿素的含量,降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量。恢复正常水温(23.0℃左右,2014年)灌溉后,SOD和POD活性、MDA含量迅速恢复到冷水胁迫前的水平。此外,在冷水胁迫下,BR增加了两个品种氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)的含量,提高了抽穗期高效叶面积率和叶面积指数。BR处理的KJD6产量极显著(P≤0.01,2013年)和显著(P≤0.01,2014年)高于对照。BR处理冷敏感品种KJD6叶片SOD和POD活性、MDA、叶绿素、P、茎鞘K含量的变化较敏感。综上所述,外源BR有效降低了水稻孕穗期冷水胁迫对生理代谢的损害,促进了胁迫后正常水温灌溉水稻植株的功能恢复,减轻了冷水胁迫对产量的影响。另外,外源BR处理在品种上存在差异,对冷敏感品种KJD6效果明显。↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
WANG Shi-qiang, ZHAO Hai-hong, ZHAO Li-ming, GU Chun-mei, NA Yong-guang, XIE Bao-sheng, CHENG Shi-hua, PAN Guo-jun. 2020. Application of brassinolide alleviates cold stress at the booting stage of rice. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 975-987. 



Characterization of eating quality and starch properties of two Wx alleles japonica rice cultivars under different nitrogen treatments

2种不同Wx等位基因粳稻不同氮处理下食味品质和淀粉特性研究

✺ HUANG Shuang-jie, ZHAO Chun-fang, ZHU Zhen, ZHOU Li-hui, ZHENG Qing-huan, WANG Cai-lin 

为解析氮调控粳稻食味品质的生物学机制,以两个生育期相近、不同Wx等位基因型粳稻品种南粳9108和淮稻5号为试材,设置4个氮水平(0,150,300,450 kg ha-1),研究了4个氮水平条件下稻米的食味品质特性、理化特性、支链淀粉结构以及淀粉合成相关基因的表达。结果表明:(1)两基因型粳稻感官特性和糊化特性的变化依赖于氮水平:随着氮水平的升高,米饭的综合食味值和感官值降低,最高粘度和崩解值下降而消减值和峰值时间增加,且在氮水平为300和450 kg ha-1时达到显著水平,人工品尝评价对食味品质特性进一步分析表明,米饭的粘度和回生度显著下降。表明,增施氮肥可能影响了米饭的质地,使其粘度和回生度下降,进而引起米饭的适口性降低。150 kg ha-1处理下的稻米食味品质和糊化特性并没有显著的改变,表明少施氮肥可以维持稻米食味品质。(2)随着施氮量的增加,蛋白质含量增加,直链淀粉含量、总淀粉含量以及胶稠度并没有改变。(3)与不施氮相比,施氮条件下南粳9108支链淀粉短链(DP 6-10)降低,淮稻5号(DP 6-12)反而增加,相应的南粳9108支链淀粉合成基因SSI和BEIIb表达下调而淮稻5号BEIIb表达则上调。综合分析,增施氮肥降低米饭的适口性可能源于米饭粘度和回生度的降低,可能与蛋白质含量增加和支链淀粉结构改变有关。此外,支链淀粉的合成可能受氮肥和基因型的共同控制。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
HUANG Shuang-jie, ZHAO Chun-fang, ZHU Zhen, ZHOU Li-hui, ZHENG Qing-huan, WANG Cai-lin. 2020. Characterization of eating quality and starch properties of two Wx alleles japonica rice cultivars under different nitrogen treatments. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 988-998.


Comparative analysis on grain quality and yield of different panicle weight indica-japonica hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars 

不同穗重籼粳杂交稻品种产量与稻米品质的比较

✺ BIAN Jin-long, REN Gao-lei, HAN Chao, XU Fang-fu, QIU Shi, TANG Jia-hua, ZHANG Hong-cheng, WEI Hai-yan, GAO Hui

阐明不同穗重籼粳杂交稻品种间的产量和稻米品质形成特性与差异。以两种不同穗重类型的籼粳杂交稻品种为材料,研究了穗型与籼粳杂交稻产量与稻米品质之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)两个重穗型籼粳杂交品种的产量显著高于两个中穗型水稻品种;(2)甬优6715(中穗型)和甬优1852(重穗型)的蒸煮和食味品质相对较好;(3)两个中穗型品种的淀粉颗粒粒径较大,相对结晶度较高;(4)中穗型品种凝胶化(DSC)过程中的转变温度和回升热焓值(⊿Hret)显著高于重穗型品种;(5)不同穗型籼粳杂交稻品种间直链淀粉含量差异不显著,重穗型品种的蛋白质含量高于中穗型品种,蛋白质含量是影响蒸煮和食味品质的主要因素;(6)四个籼粳交品种中,甬优6715的蛋白质含量最低,蒸煮食味品质最优。因此,在直链淀粉含量差异不大的前提下,如何降低水稻籽粒中的蛋白质含量,是提高籼粳杂交稻蒸煮和食用品质的重点。其中,高粒重中穗型是优质籼粳杂交稻育种的理想穗型。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
BIAN Jin-long, REN Gao-lei, HAN Chao, XU Fang-fu, QIU Shi, TANG Jia-hua, ZHANG Hong-cheng, WEI Hai-yan, GAO Hui . 2020. Comparative analysis on grain quality and yield of different panicle weight indica-japonica hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 999-1009.



Effects of sodium benzoate on growth and physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings under compound heavy metal stress苯甲酸钠对复合重金属胁迫下小麦幼苗生长及生理特性的影响✺ LIANG Pan-pan, ZHAO Chen, LIN Yuan, GENG Ji-jia, CHEN Yuan, CHEN De-hua, ZHANG Xiang重金属对农作物产生毒害,已成为农业生产中急待解决的问题之一。本文研究了苯甲酸钠对复合重金属胁迫下小麦幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,以期明确其相关生理机制。2016-2017年,以“扬麦16”为试验材料,研究了苯甲酸钠对复合重金属胁迫下小麦幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明:2.4 mmol kg-1复合重金属胁迫下,小麦出苗延迟,且幼苗生长受到显著抑制。与清水对照相比,喷施2-4 g L-1的苯甲酸钠溶液,小麦的叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光参数Fv/FmFv/F0显著增加(P<0.01)。进一步分析发现,喷施2-4 g L-1苯甲酸钠处理通过增加游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白含量和提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性缓解了复合重金属胁迫对小麦幼苗的毒害,最终降低叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量,但喷施苯甲酸钠溶液浓度越高(>6 g L-1)反而会抑制幼苗生长甚至对幼苗产生毒害。相关分析性表明,当苯甲酸钠施用浓度为1.97-3.12 g L-1(2016年)、1.58-3.27 g L-1(2017年)时,小麦叶绿素及其组分含量、根系活力、SOD活性、可溶性蛋白和游离脯氨酸含达最大值,当其浓度为2.59 g L-1(2016年)、3.02 g L-1(2017年),MDA含量最小。综上,喷施(2-4 g L-1)的苯甲酸钠促进根系发育,提高小麦幼苗的根系活力,从而减轻复合重金属胁迫对小麦幼苗的毒害。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
BIAN Jin-long, REN Gao-lei, HAN Chao, XU Fang-fu, QIU Shi, TANG Jia-hua, ZHANG Hong-cheng, WEI Hai-yan, GAO Hui. 2020. Effects of sodium benzoate on growth and physiological characteristics of wheat seedlings under compound heavy metal stress. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1010-1018.



Single-seed sowing increased pod yield at a reduced seeding rate by improving root physiological state of Arachis hypogaea单粒精播通过改善根系生理来提高花生荚果产量 LIANG Xiao-yan, GUO Feng, FENG Ye, ZHANG Jia-lei, YANG Sha, MENG Jing-jing, LI Xin-guo, WAN Shu-bo

双粒播种(双粒穴播)是我国传统花生主要种植方式,但是同穴双株之间的竞争限制了植株的生长和产量的形成,另外,传统的双粒播种不利于机械化操作。本研究旨在探讨适宜播种量的单粒播种是否产量优于传统双粒播种以及根系的生理代谢差异。通过连续两年的大田试验,比较了18万粒/ ha-1(S180)、22.5万粒/ ha-1(S225)、27万粒/ ha-1(S270)的单粒播种与27万粒/ ha-1 (D270)双粒播种的荚果产量差异;同时,比较了根系伤流速率、根系养分含量及伤流液中主要激素含量的差异。试验采用完全随机区组设计,四次重复。结果表明:3个密度的单粒精播荚果产量均高于传统双粒穴播(D270),但S225的荚果产量均高于其它2个单粒精播密度(S180和S270)。22.5万粒/ ha-1的单粒精播荚果产量显著增加主要原因在于单株荚果干重及收获指数的增加,而单株荚果重及地上部生物量的增加与根系伤流速率、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖含量及伤流液中K+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Ca2+含量等根系生理指标存在密切关系;同时,根系还原酶、硝酸还原酶、ATP酶活性的提高及根系伤流液中Z+ZR含量的增加对荚果及地上部的生长也具有重要作用。因此,适宜密度(22.5万粒/ ha-1)的单粒精播在提高花生产量和节约种子成本方面是一种有潜力的栽培措施。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   

LIANG Xiao-yan, GUO Feng, FENG Ye, ZHANG Jia-lei, YANG Sha, MENG Jing-jing, LI Xin-guo, WAN Shu-bo. 2020. Single-seed sowing increased pod yield at a reduced seeding rate by improving root physiological state of Arachis hypogaea. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1019-1032.


Horticulture


The MADS-box transcription factor CmAGL11 modulates somatic embryogenesis in Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume)板栗MADS-box转录因子CmAGL11调控了体细胞胚胎发生 GAO Yue-rong, SUN Jia-chen, SUN Zhi-lin, XING Yu, ZHANG Qing, FANG Ke-feng, CAO Qing-qin, QIN Ling体细胞胚胎发生是一种依赖于植物细胞全能性的高效体外再生技术。但是,目前关于木本植物体细胞胚胎发生的分子机理研究较少,如中国板栗,限制了木本植物产业发展。本研究报道了板栗的MADS-box家族成员CmAGL11CmAGL11在体细胞胚胎发生的球形胚阶段显著积累。在板栗愈伤组织中,稳定过表达CmAGL11能够增强愈伤体细胞胚胎发生的能力,并显著加快体胚的发育速度。通过转录组测序技术发现,CmAGL11影响了赤霉素、生长素和乙烯途径相关基因的表达。此外,DNA甲基化位点分析发现,在板栗体细胞胚胎发生过程中CmAGL11的表达水平受其启动子甲基化水平调控。我们的研究表明,CmAGL11在中国板栗体胚发生过程中起到重要的作用,可能是通过调节赤霉素、生长素以及乙烯途径。本研究将有助于建立高效的中国板栗遗传改良和种质创新平台。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
GAO Yue-rong, SUN Jia-chen, SUN Zhi-lin, XING Yu, ZHANG Qing, FANG Ke-feng, CAO Qing-qin, QIN Ling. 2020. The MADS-box transcription factor CmAGL11 modulates somatic embryogenesis in Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1033-1043.












Response of axillary bud development in garlic (Allium sativum L.) to seed cloves soaked in gibberellic acid (GA3) solution

大蒜腋芽发育对赤霉素溶液浸种的响应

 LIU Hong-jiu, HUANG Cai-ping, TONG Pei-jiang, YANG Xue, CUI Ming-ming, CHENG Zhi-hui

赤霉素(GAs)是一类十分重要的植物激素,其广泛参与调控植物的生长发育。蒜瓣作为大蒜的繁殖器官,显著地影响大蒜植株和鳞茎的生长。考虑到赤霉素在植物发育中的潜力以及本团队当前的研究结果,在本文中我们系统地分析GA3溶液浸泡两种类型的蒜种(蒜瓣I:无根/芽萌;蒜瓣II:有根/茎芽)对大蒜腋芽发育的影响和研究GA3溶液浸泡蒜种对大蒜鳞茎发育,激素水平及糖含量的影响。结果表明蒜种类型,浸种液体及其相互作用显著影响单个鳞茎蒜瓣数量和独头蒜发生率。此外,将蒜种浸入1 mM L-1 GA3溶液中24小时,不仅促进腋芽形成和次级植株的生长(等于分蘖或分枝),而且轻度地增加单个鳞茎蒜瓣数量和改变鳞茎的结构(较低的产量和商品性)。在GA3溶液浸种后第40天(腋芽生长期),伴随着叶片中GA3,蔗糖,果糖和可溶性蛋白含量的增加,大蒜植株茎基部的玉米素核糖苷(ZR)和可溶性蛋白含量急剧增加。但是,在GA3溶液浸种后第40天,大蒜植株茎基部的GA3,吲哚乙酸(IAA),可溶性糖和蔗糖含量(分别为3.52 ng g-1 FW,19.88 ng g-1 FW,237.3 mg g-1 FW,8.24 mg g-1 FW )显着低于对照(水处理)的(分别为5.56 ng g-1 FW,32.96 ng g-1 FW,263.6 mg g-1 FW,10.37 mg g-1 FW)

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
LIU Hong-jiu, HUANG Cai-ping, TONG Pei-jiang, YANG Xue, CUI Ming-ming, CHENG Zhi-hui. 2020. Response of axillary bud development in garlic (Allium sativum L.) to seed cloves soaked in gibberellic acid (GA3) solution. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1044-1054.

Animal Science • Veterinary Medicine


Tissue-specific expression and correlation with promoter DNA methylation of the LBP gene in pigs

LBP基因组织特异性表达及其与启动子区DNA甲基化相关性分析

 CAO Yue, GAO Zhong-cheng, WU Zheng-chang, WANG Hai-fei, BAO Wen-bin

脂多糖结合蛋白(Lipopolysaccharide binding protein, LBP)是识别脂多糖并启动机体免疫反应的重要因子。本研究旨在揭示猪LBP基因的组织表达特征及其表达调控机制。采集分别来自5个家系的5头35日龄梅山猪的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、肌肉、胸腺、淋巴结、十二指肠、空肠、回肠组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测LBP基因在各个组织中的表达水平;利用BDGP和Alibaba 2软件预测LBP基因核心启动子区及转录因子结合位点;构建LBP基因启动子表达载体,双荧光素酶实验鉴定LBP基因核心启动子区,并利用焦磷酸测序分析LBP基因在各组织中的甲基化程度。猪LBP基因在肝组织中的表达水平最高,在十二指肠、空肠、回肠组织中表达水平较高;LBP基因在上述组织中的表达水平显著高于(P<0.01)在其他组织中的表达水平。双荧光素酶实验结果显示,LBP基因核心启动子区位于上游–500-(–206) bp (chr17: 46837534–46837828)的位置,其包括3个CpG(CpG1, CpG2, CpG3)位点。CpG2和CpG3位点在不同组织中呈现不同的甲基化程度,并且其甲基化程度与LBP基因mRNA表达水平呈显著(P<0.01)负相关。CpG2和CpG3位点位于YY1转录因子结合位点序列中,其发生甲基化可能抑制YY1转录因子与启动子序列的结合,进而调控LBP基因的表达。猪LBP基因在不同组织中具有不同的表达水平,并且其表达水平与启动区CpG位点(CpG2和CpG3)甲基化程度呈负相关。启动子区CpG位点甲基化可能通过影响YY1转录因子与启动子序列的结合而调控LBP基因的表达。

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
CAO Yue, GAO Zhong-cheng, WU Zheng-chang, WANG Hai-fei, BAO Wen-bin. 2020. Tissue-specific expression and correlation with promoter DNA methylation of the LBP gene in pigs. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1055-1064.



The CRISPR/Cas9 induces large genomic fragment deletions of MSTN and phenotypic changes in sheep

CRISPR/Cas9系统介导的绵羊MSTN基因的大片段敲除

 DING Yi, ZHOU Shi-wei, DING Qiang, CAI Bei, ZHAO Xiao-e, ZHONG Shu, JIN Miao-han, WANG Xiao-long, MA Bao-hua, CHEN Yu-lin近年来,CRISPR/Cas9技术快速发展,其作为靶向基因组修饰的有效工具,被广泛地运用于动物遗传工程,实现基因的敲除、插入和点突变。相比于传统的ZFN和TALEN基因编辑技术,它的构建程序简单方便,适用于大规模的动物基因编辑。羊作为适用于遗传工程操作的大动物模型,在基因编辑领域有着不可替代的作用。肌肉发育是羊的重要经济特征之一,其中肌肉生长抑制素基因(MSTN)是与肌肉发育和瘦肉率相关的主要基因。本研究以宁夏滩羊为对象,选择肌肉生长抑制素基因(MSTN)作为靶基因,把基因精准敲除、高效率敲除、大片段敲除作为研究目标,设计了3个靶向MSTN基因的sgRNA,通过将Cas9 mRNA和sgRNA显微注射进入胚胎,成功地实现了绵羊MSTN基因的精确编辑,并且对比分析了MSTN基因敲除绵羊与野生型绵羊肌肉组织中MSTN的表达含量以及其对应的羔羊体重。获得的主要结果如下:(1)基因编辑羔羊的产生。本试验最终获得了35只活体羔羊,经检测发现其中10只羔羊存在靶向敲除,因此敲除效率为28.6%(10/35)。在编辑成功的10只编辑羊中,有3只(3/10, 30%)产生了大片段基因缺失(~5 kb)。进一步预测并检测了脱靶序列,未发现脱靶效应。(2)基因敲除滩羊的表型分析。通过蛋白质免疫印迹检测羔羊MSTN蛋白表达量,发现基因编辑羊的MSTN蛋白水平低于野生型。通过对其0 d到180 d的体重进行监测,发现阳性羊的体重和日增重均高于野生型羊。综上所述,本研究成功构建了MSTN基因敲除滩羊,并获得了MSTN大片段敲除的羔羊。通过CRISPR/Cas9系统成功在绵羊身上实现精确的大片段敲除,对其他大动物模型的开发和利用具有借鉴意义,为进一步实施聚合育种提供技术支撑,创制了育种材料。↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
DING Yi, ZHOU Shi-wei, DING Qiang, CAI Bei, ZHAO Xiao-e, ZHONG Shu, JIN Miao-han, WANG Xiao-long, MA Bao-hua, CHEN Yu-lin. 2020. The CRISPR/Cas9 induces large genomic fragment deletions of MSTN and phenotypic changes in sheep. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1065-1073.



Effects of palm fat powder and coated folic acid on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and hepatic fat accumulation of Holstein dairy bulls

日粮补充棕榈粉和包被叶酸对荷斯坦奶公牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵、养分消化率和肝脏脂肪沉积的影响

✺ ZHANG Zhen, LIU Qiang, WANG Cong, GUO Gang, HUO Wen-jie, ZHANG Yan-li, PEI Cai-xia, ZHANG Shuan-lin为了研究日粮补充棕榈脂肪粉(PFP)和包被叶酸(CFA)对荷斯坦奶公牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵、养分消化、瘤胃酶活、微生物区系、肝脏脂质含量和肝脏脂质代谢相关基因表达的影响,试验选用48头日龄(362±12.4 d)和体重(483±27.1 kg)近似的荷斯坦奶公牛,采用 2×2 因子的完全随机设计分为4组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理1组在日粮中补充CFA(120 mg d-1),处理2组在日粮中补充PFP(3%),处理3组在日粮中同时补充上述水平的CFA和PFP,试验期110 d(预饲期20 d和正式期90 d)。结果表明:日粮补充PFP 或CFA对干物质采食量无显著影响,但提高了日增重(P<0.05),改善了饲料转化效率(P<0.01)。日粮补充PFP,提高了瘤胃pH、粗脂肪消化率、瘤胃α-淀粉酶活性、溶纤维丁酸弧菌拷贝数、过氧物酶体增殖因子激活受体α(PPARα)和肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶-1(CPT1)mRNA表达(P<0.05),降低了瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸浓度、乙酸与丙酸比例、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)消化率、总原虫和瘤胃黄色球菌拷贝数、固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1(SREBP1)和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α(ACACA)mRNA表达(P<0.05)。日粮补充CFA,提高了瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸浓度和乙酸与丙酸比例(P<0.05),改善了干物质、有机物质、粗蛋白和NDF消化率(P<0.05),提高了瘤胃纤维二糖酶、果胶酶和α-淀粉酶的活性,增加了除总原虫外的其他所有测定菌群的拷贝数,提高了PPARα的mRNA表达(P<0.05),降低了瘤胃pH、SREBP1和ACACA 的mRNA表达(P<0.05)。日粮补充PFP 和CFA对瘤胃氨态氮、肝脏甘油三酯(TG)以及CPT1和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)表达有互作效应 (P<0.05) 。在不添加PFP日粮中补充CFA对肝脏TG无显著影响,而在添加PFP日粮中补充CFA显著降低了肝脏TG含量 (P<0.05)。无论在添加和不添加PFP日粮中补充CFA均显著提高了肝脏CPT1的mRNA表达(P<0.05),降低了肝脏FAS的mRNA表达和瘤胃氨态氮浓度(P<0.05)。结果提示:与不添加PFP日粮相比,在添加PFP日粮中补充CFA能有效增加肝脏CPT1的mRNA表达,降低瘤胃氨态氮浓度、肝脏TG含量以及FAS的mRNA表达。日粮补充PFP和CFA后,通过促进营养物质利用、瘤胃酶活性和肝脏基因表达,从而改善了奶公牛的生长性能↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
ZHANG Zhen, LIU Qiang, WANG Cong, GUO Gang, HUO Wen-jie, ZHANG Yan-li, PEI Cai-xia, ZHANG Shuan-lin. 2020. Effects of palm fat powder and coated folic acid on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and hepatic fat accumulation of Holstein dairy bulls. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1074-1084.



Antiviral activity of traditional Chinese medicinal plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Morus alba against dengue virus

✺ Maqsood MARYAM, Kian Keong TE, Fai Chu WONG, Tsun Thai CHAI, Gary K K LOW, Seng Chiew GAN, Hui Yee CHEE

Dengue virus (DENV) has emerged as a major virus that is spread by mosquitoes. Recently, it has spread to more than a hundred nations but continues to lack specific treatable medication. Many traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plants are in practice for dengue fever in dengue endemic regions. These traditional medicines persevere with treatments, which modern medicines lack. The study aims to substantiate the anti-dengue potential of some traditional herbs and make them available for further studies to facilitate TCM users. Twelve TCM plants aqueous extracts were evaluated, which are described as cool herbs used for the diseases with high fever. Lead plants were established through detailed in vitro foci forming unit reduction analysis (FFURA) against all four serotypes and validated through quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Four plants potentially inhibited the virus in primary phenotypic in vitro evaluation. Two lead plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma (DC) and Morus alba (MA) were identified with half minimal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 130 and 221 µg mL-1, respectively, while the selectivity indices (SI) were 4.21 and 4.62, respectively.  Lead plants equally inhibited all four serotypes of DENV. Time-of-addition analysis suggested that, DC was active at later stages of viral replication, whereas MA was active during the early stages and even showed some prophylactic activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) analysis revealed presence of flavonoids. DC and MA are identified as potential anti-dengue plants, active against varied stages of dengue virus replication cycle. These results may serve as the base knowledge for further investigation on their combined treatments or integrative treatment with western medicines, which may improve the overall anti-dengue activity in future.↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
Maqsood MARYAM, Kian Keong TE, Fai Chu WONG, Tsun Thai CHAI, Gary K K LOW, Seng Chiew GAN, Hui Yee CHEE. 2020. Antiviral activity of traditional Chinese medicinal plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Morus alba against dengue virus. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1085-1096.


Agro-Ecosystem & Environment


Effectiveness and longevity of amendments to a cadmium-contaminated soil

钝化剂对镉污染土壤修复的长期有效性

✺ ZHAO Rui, LÜ Yi-zhong, MA Yi-bing, LI Ju-mei
钝化剂的有效性和长效性会影响原位钝化修复技术降低镉生物有效性的效果。本研究通过开展长期田间试验,以赤泥、玉米秸秆、油菜秸秆以及它们之间的组合作为钝化剂,研究它们在配施锌肥条件下的效果。结果表明,各钝化剂处理均降低了土壤中有效态镉(EDTA结合态镉和交换态镉)的含量,并且也减少了植物内镉的含量。钝化剂在施用八年后仍然有效,虽然效果随着时间的推移而有所下降。在施用钝化剂的前几年,赤泥加油菜秸秆组合的降镉率可达到83.5%,赤泥加玉米秸秆组合的降镉率可达到65.3%,赤泥的降镉率可达到54.0%,油菜秸秆的降镉率可达到50.9%,玉米秸秆降镉率可达到37.3%。加入钝化剂八年后,赤泥加油菜秸秆组合的降镉率仍然可达到17.2%,赤泥加油菜秸秆组合是降低镉生物有效性的最佳处理。本研究还解释了降镉率随着时间推移而降低是因为土壤中有效态镉含量随着时间推移而变化所导致的,这对指导农业实践具有重要意义。结果表明,赤泥、玉米秸秆、油菜秸秆以及它们之间的组合并配施锌肥可作为有效的钝化剂,对镉污染土壤具有深远而持久的积极影响。↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
ZHAO Rui, LÜ Yi-zhong, MA Yi-bing, LI Ju-mei. 2020. Effectiveness and longevity of amendments to a cadmium-contaminated soil. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1097-1104.



Canopy morphological changes and water use efficiency in winter wheat under different irrigation treatments

不同灌水处理对冬小麦冠层形态变化和水分利用效率的影响

✺ ZHAO Hong-xiang, ZHANG Ping, WANG Yuan-yuan, NING Tang-yuan, XU Cai-long, WANG Pu 在农业生产中,水分是最重要的限制因子之一。目前,水资源短缺严重威胁着全球的粮食安全。基于作物需水规律的节水灌溉措施对于干旱和半干旱地区的农业生产发展具有重要意义。本研究基于2013-2015年在中国农业大学吴桥实验站开展的冬小麦大田试验,研究了冬小麦在不同灌水处理条件下的冠层结构和水分利用效率。试验设置3个水分处理:对照(生育期不灌水),限水灌溉(小麦拔节期灌水60 mm),充分灌溉(小麦返青、拔节和开花期分别灌水60 mm)。试验测定了小麦的叶面积指数、冠层光能透过率、茎叶夹角、蒸腾速率、比叶重、水分利用效率和籽粒产量。研究发现,限水灌溉条件下小麦的水分利用效率显著提高,而其籽粒产量较充分灌溉显著降低。与充分灌溉处理相比,限水灌溉条件下冬小麦叶面积指数和茎叶夹角显著降低,而冠层光通透性显著提高。同时,限水灌溉条件下小麦叶片的比叶重显著增大,叶片蒸腾速率显著降低。相关分析表明,小麦叶面积指数和叶片蒸腾速率呈显著正相关关系,而叶片蒸腾速率与叶片比叶重呈显著负相关关系。本研究中合理的叶片蒸腾速率范围内可得到最优的水分利用效率。研究表明,减少灌溉量可显著优化小麦冠层和小麦水分消耗规律,而对最终籽粒产量的负影响较小,因此在干旱半干旱地区,限水灌溉可作为重要的节水灌溉方式被推广应用。↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
ZHAO Hong-xiang, ZHANG Ping, WANG Yuan-yuan, NING Tang-yuan, XU Cai-long, WANG Pu. 2020. Canopy morphological changes and water use efficiency in winter wheat under different irrigation treatments. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1105-1116.



Effects of sediment load on the abrasion of soil aggregate and hydraulic parameters in experimental overland flow

坡面水流中输沙对团聚体剥蚀及水力特性的影响

✺ WANG Jun-guang, YU Bing, NI Shi-min, GUO Zhong-lu, CAI Chong-fa

坡面水蚀过程中,团聚体破碎和剥蚀后的颗粒粒径大小与侵蚀过程关系密切,影响着坡面侵蚀程度的进一步发展。目前,关于坡面水流中输沙对团聚体剥蚀及水力特性变化的影响较少。因此,本研究采用3.8 m长的变坡度冲刷水槽,在8.7%和26.8%两种坡度下,完成了5种流量(2×10-3-6×10-3 m2 s−1)和5种供沙量(0-110 kg m-3)组合下的红壤团聚体水流冲刷试验,分析了不同输沙条件下水力学参数变化、团聚体剥蚀破坏程度以及两者间定量关系。研究结果表明,两种供试坡度下,与不同供沙量对比,流量对团聚体剥蚀的影响更为显著(贡献率为58.76 和 60.34%),团聚体剥蚀程度随泥沙浓度的增加呈幂函数增加的趋势。同时,径流水深、阻力系数和水流剪切力随泥沙浓度的增加呈幂函数增加。雷诺数受不同泥沙浓度影响显著,并随泥沙浓度的增加而减小。在不同输沙条件下,Wr/Wi值随径流水深和雷诺数增加呈显著的线性增加趋势,而随阻力系数和水流剪切力的增加呈幂函数减小趋势。对于不同的输沙坡面水流,阻力系数和水流剪切力可以很好的解释和预测团聚体剥蚀破坏程度。研究结果为土壤侵蚀过程模型的建立提供理论基础

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
WANG Jun-guang, YU Bing, NI Shi-min, GUO Zhong-lu, CAI Chong-fa. 2020. Effects of sediment load on the abrasion of soil aggregate and hydraulic parameters in experimental overland flow. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1117-1126.



Screening and degradation characteristics of a tylosin-degrading strain 

泰乐菌素降解菌的筛选及其降解特性研究

✺ FENG Chang-qing, CHENG Deng-miao, FENG Yao, QI Wei-ning, JIA Zhen-hu, Louise Weaver, LIU Yuan-wang, LI Zhao-jun

由于过度使用,泰乐菌素等常见的大环内酯类抗生素在环境中日益积累,这将会引起严重的环境问题。因此,从环境中去除泰乐菌素显得尤为重要。本研究从一家泰乐菌素生产工厂的发酵副产物中分离纯化得到一株泰乐菌素高效降解菌株,并通过形态观察、生理生化反应及16S rDNA编码基因的PCR扩增测序对泰乐菌素降解菌进行鉴定,同时利用单因素实验对温度、转速、初始泰乐菌素浓度、pH和接种量进行了优化。研究结果表明,分离出的泰乐菌素高效降解菌为波茨坦短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus borstelensis TYL2)。该菌株在温度为35°C,pH为7,初始浓度为25 mg L-1,接种量为7%(v/v, 2×108 CFU mL-1)的条件下,7天内对泰乐菌素的降解率达到75%。另外,该菌株具有较强的降解天然污水中泰乐菌素的能力,7天内的降解率高达65%。本研究结果不仅对促进环境中泰乐菌素的降解具有一定的帮助,而且也为其他抗生素降解提供了指导意义

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
FENG Chang-qing, CHENG Deng-miao, FENG Yao, QI Wei-ning, JIA Zhen-hu, Louise WEAVER, LIU Yuan-wang, LI Zhao-jun. 2020. Screening and degradation characteristics of a tylosin-degrading strain. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1127-1136.


Agricultural Economics and Management


Potato farmers’ preference for agricultural insurance in China: An investigation using the choice experimental method

基于选择实验研究我国马铃薯农户对农业保险的偏好

✺ HUANG Ze-ying, Alec ZUO, SUN Jun-mao, GUO Yan-zhi

马铃薯保险在转移农业风险、促进马铃薯主粮战略中具有重要作用。了解农户对马铃薯保险属性的真实偏好对完善马铃薯保险具有重要意义。本研究通过选择实验设计了险种、产量损失最低赔付率、涵盖的作物类型数量、补贴后每亩年保费、理赔程序复杂度等保险产品属性,然后基于甘肃省定西市24个村共362份马铃薯农户的保险属性选择随机抽样调查数据,进行混合logit模型回归分析发现:(1)农户偏好多险种的农业保险,尤其包括抗产品价格下跌和投入成本增长在内的保险;(2)遭受过病虫害损失的农户愿意为高赔付率和涵盖多种作物的保险支付高额保费;纯农户和大农户偏好理赔程度复杂度低的保险。因此,新的马铃薯保险产品可考虑针对如受过农业灾害的、不同生产规模的不同农户群体进行设计

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
HUANG Ze-ying, Alec ZUO, SUN Jun-mao, GUO Yan-zhi. 2020. Potato farmers’ preference for agricultural insurance in China: An investigation using the choice experimental method. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1137-1148.



China’s alfalfa market and imports: Development, trends, and potential impacts of the U.S.–China trade dispute and retaliations✺ Qingbin WANG, ZOU YangThis study examines the development and trends of China's alfalfa market and imports, identifies key factors for the rapid increase in China's alfalfa imports, and discusses potential impacts of the U.S.–China trade dispute and retaliations on the alfalfa markets and trade in both nations. China's rapid transition toward larger-scale commercial dairy production, with enhanced feed and cost management as well as quality and safety control, and its limited resources for high-quality alfalfa production are key factors for the dramatic increase in its alfalfa imports, from 19 601 metric tons in 2008 to 1.38 million metric tons (mmt) in 2018. While the United States dominated China's alfalfa imports with an average share of 97.01% from 2007 to 2017, the share dropped to 83.76% in 2018 and 63.28% in January 2019 due to the trade dispute and retaliations started in 2018. China will likely remain a large importer of alfalfa because of both its growing demand and the comparative advantages of imported alfalfa in quality and price, but the imports from the United States will be highly affected by the ongoing trade dispute and negotiations. China is also expected to make more efforts to reduce its dependence on U.S. alfalfa through increased investment in domestic alfalfa production and identification of alternative sources of alfalfa and other hay imports.↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
Qingbin WANG, ZOU Yang. 2020. China’s alfalfa market and imports: Development, trends, and potential impacts of the U.S.–China trade dispute and retaliations. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1149-1158.


 Letter 


How does the arthropod–plant system respond to abrupt and gradual increases in atmospheric CO2?

“节肢动物-植物”系统如何响应渐增和激增大气CO2浓度?

✺ ZHENG Xiao-xu, WU Gang

当前国内外研究主要基于激增大气CO2浓度对“节肢动物与植物”系统的影响,这与自然界实际发生的大气CO2浓度逐年递增变化相比,国内外研究结果可能高估了大气CO2浓度突变对“节肢动物-植物”系统的影响。本文主要讨论了“节肢动物-植物”系统对大气CO2浓度的激增和逐渐增加的不同响应。作者建议需要长期开展递增CO2浓度对“节肢动物-植物”系统连续多代的研究,以更好地阐明大气CO2浓度升高对“节肢动物-植物”系统的影响

↑ 向上滑动查看更多


Cite this article:   
ZHENG Xiao-xu, WU Gang. 2020. How does the arthropod–plant system respond to abrupt and gradual increases in atmospheric CO2?. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(4): 1159-1161.



往期文章:

JIA“梨锈水病专题”——南京农大胡白石团队系统阐述梨锈水病症状学、流行病学、病原菌检测技术及基因组特征方面最新进展
JIA | 北京农学院园艺学科板栗研究团队秦岭课题组关于MADS-box基因调控板栗体胚发生的研究
JIA | 芸苔素内酯(BR)增强寒地水稻孕穗期耐寒性机理研究取得重要进展
JIA | 东北农业大学李文滨团队阐明Auxin/IAA稳态和浓度梯度形成机制,明确生长素梯度协调大豆主茎节间生长发育
JIA | 江苏农科院优良食味水稻育种团队王才林研究员课题组解析不同氮肥水平下不同Wx基因型优良食味粳稻食味品质形成的生物学机制

JIA 2020-03期 发布

JIA 2020-02期 发布

JIA 2020-01期 发布






Journal of Integrative Agriculture (《农业科学学报》,JIA), 创刊于2002年,农业综合性英文学术期刊。由中国农业科学院与中国农学会联合主办,农业信息研究所承办。中国农业科学院副院长、中国工程院院士万建民任主编。在Elsevier-SD平台全OA出版,专注刊登作物学、园艺、植物保护、动物科学、动物医学、资源环境、食品科学、农业经济与管理等国际农业科学前沿热点领域的综述、研究论文、简报以及评述等。 
欢迎投稿:http://www.chinaagrisci.com欢迎免费下载:

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/20953119

欢迎订阅

2019年定价80元/册,全年刊期:12期,全年定价960元。

① 各地邮局订阅:邮发代号2-851;

② 编辑部期刊发行部:联系电话 010-82106247;

③ 网上购买:搜淘宝店、微店店铺名称:中科期刊(订阅及销售过刊);或扫描下方二维码:



Journal of Integrative Agriculture 

长按识别二维码关注:为您提供更多精彩


您可能也对以下帖子感兴趣

文章有问题?点此查看未经处理的缓存