人教新目标英语八年级下册第1单元《What's the matter?》朗读+微课精讲+知识点习题
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第一单元
《What's the matter?》微课精讲+朗读习题
课文朗读
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课文翻译
Role-play the conversation. 角色扮演对话。Lisa, are you OK? 丽莎，你还好吗？I have a headache and I can't move my neck. 我头痛，我的脖子不能动了。What should I do? 我头痛，我的脖子不能动了。Should I take my temperature? 我应该测测体温吗？No, it doesn't sound like you have a fever. 不，你看起来不像是发烧了。What did you do on the weekend? 你周末做什么了？I played computer games all weekend. 我整个周末都在玩电脑游戏。That's probably why. 这可能就是你头痛的原因了。You need to take breaks away from the computer. 你需要休息并且远离电脑。Yeah, I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 是的，我想我是因为以同样的姿势坐的太久没有动。I think you should lie down and rest. 我想你应该躺下休息。If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 如果明天你的头部和颈部还疼，再去看医生。OK. Thanks, Mandy. 好。谢谢你，曼蒂。
Section A 短文
Read the passage. 阅读下面的短文。Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为这篇短文是出自一份报纸还是一本书？How do you know? 你是怎么知道的？Bus Driver and Passengers Save an Old Man 公交车司机和乘客救了一位老人At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 在昨天上午9点，当司机看到一位老人躺在路边，26路公交车正在沿中华路行驶。A woman next to him was shouting for help. 老人旁边的一个妇女正在喊救命。The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. 公交车司机，24岁的王平，毫不犹豫地停了车。He got off and asked the woman what happened. 他下车，问这个妇女发生了什么事。She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她说这个老人有心脏病，需要去医院看病。Mr. Wang knew he had to act quickly. 王平知道他必须立即采取行动。He told the passengers that he must take the man to the hospital. 他告诉乘客他必须把老人送往医院。He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. 他希望大部分或所有的乘客下车，等待下一班车。But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 但是，出乎他的意料，所有乘客都同意跟他去医院。Some passengers helped Mr. Wang to move the man onto the bus. 一些乘客帮助王平把老人移到公交车上。Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time. 多亏了王平和乘客们的帮助，医生及时救治了老人。"It's sad that many people don't want to help others because they don't want any trouble," says one passenger. 一个乘客说："很多人不愿意帮助别人，因为他们不想惹麻烦，这真是可悲。"But the driver didn't think about himself. 但是司机没有考虑自己。He only thought about saving a life. 他只想着救人。Section B 短文
Read the passage and underline the words you don't know. 读文章并在你不认识的单词下面划线。Then look up the words in a dictionary and write down their meanings. 然后在字典中查生词并写下单词的意思。He Lost His Arm But Is Still Climbing 他失去了手臂但是依然坚持攀岩Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. 阿伦·罗斯顿是一个对爬山感兴趣的美国人。As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sports. 这是关于做危险运动的令人兴奋的事情之一。There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 有许多次，阿伦因为意外事故几乎失去生命。On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah. 在2003年4月26日，在犹他州登山时他发现自己的处境非常危险。On that day, Aron's arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. 在那天，当阿伦独自登山时，他的手臂被落在他身上的一块360千克的岩石压住。Because he could not free his arm, he stayed there for five days and hoped that someone would find him. 因为他的手臂不能自由活动，他在那儿待了五天，希望有人会发现他。But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但当他的水喝完了，他知道他将不得不采取措施来挽救自己的生命了。He was not ready to die that day. 他不愿就在那天就死去。So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. 因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 然后，他用左臂给自己打上绷带来让他不会失去太多的血。After that, he climbed down the mountain to find help. 然后，他爬下山去寻求帮助。After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. 在他失去手臂之后，他写了一本书叫《进退两难》。This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. 它的意思是"处于一个你看起来无法摆脱的困境之中"。In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one's life. 在这本书中，阿伦讲述了关于做出明智抉择和掌握自己生命的重要性。His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 他对登山非常酷爱以至于即使这次经历之后他仍然继续爬山。Do we have the same spirit as Aron? 我们有阿伦这样的勇气吗?Let's think about it before we find ourselves "between a rock and a hard place",and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death. 在我们发现自己处于进退两难的处境之前以及在我们不得不做出生死抉择之前,让我们来想想这个问题。
单词跟读
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单词表
matter [ˈmætə] v. 重要，要紧，有关系
What’s the matter? 怎么了？出什么事了？
sore [sɔ:(r)]adj. 疼痛的，酸痛的
have a cold 感冒
stomachache [\'stʌməkeɪk] n. 胃痛，腹痛
have a stomachache 胃痛
foot (复数feet) [fu:t] n. 脚
neck [nek]n. 颈，脖子
stomach [\'stʌmək] n. 胃，腹部
throat [θrəʊt]n. 喉咙
fever [\'fi:və] n. 发烧，发热
lie [laɪ]v. 躺，平躺
lie down 躺下
rest [rest] n. 剩余部分，其余；放松，休息
cough [kɒf]n. & v. 咳嗽
X-ray [\'eksreɪ] n. X光，X射线
toothache [ˈtu:θeɪk] n. 牙痛
take one\'s temperature 量体温
headache [ˈhedeɪk] n. 头痛
have a fever 发烧
break [breɪk]n. & v. 休息，暂停；打破
take breaks (take a break）休息
hurt [hə:t]v. 伤害，损害，使受伤
passenger [\'pæsɪndʒə] n. 乘客，旅客
off [ɒf]adv. prep. 离开（某处）；从…去掉
get off 下车
to one\'s surprise 使…惊讶，出乎…意料
onto [ˈɒntə]prep. 向，朝
trouble [ˈtrʌbl] n. 麻烦，烦扰，问题
hit [hit]n. & v. 碰撞，打，打击
right away 立即，马上
get into 陷入，参与
herself [hə:ˈself]pron. 她自己，她本身（she的反身代词）
bandage [\'bændɪdʒ] n. & v. 绷带；用绷带包扎
press/pres/v.压；挤；按
sick [sɪk]adj. 患病的，不适的
knee [ni:]n. 膝盖
nosebleed [ˈnəʊzbli:d] n. 鼻出血
breathe [bri:ð] v. 呼吸
sunburned [ˈsʌnbɜ:nd] adj. 晒伤的
ourselves [ɑ:ˈselvz] pron. 我们自己（we的反身代词）
climber [ˈklaɪmə(r)] n. 登山者
be used to 习惯于… 适应于…
risk [rɪsk]n. & v. 风险，危险；冒险
take risks (take a risk) 冒险
accident [ˈæksidənt] n. 意外事件；事故
situation [ˌsitjuˈeiʃən] n. 状况，形式，情况
kilo=kilogram [ˈkɪləgræm] n. 公斤，千克
rock [rɔk]n. 岩石
run out (of) 用尽，耗尽
knife [naif] n. 刀，餐刀
cut off 切除
blood [blʌd]n. 血
mean [mi:n] v. 意味着，意思是，意欲
get out of 离开，从… 出来
importance [ɪmˈpɔ:tns] n. 重要性
decision [dɪ\'sɪʒn] n. 决心，决定，抉择
control [kən\'trəʊl]v. 控制，支配，操纵
be in control of 掌管，管理
spirit [\'spɪrɪt] n. 勇气，意志
death [deθ] n. 死亡
give up 放弃
nurse [nə:s]n. 护士
Judy 朱迪（女名）
Nancy 南希（女名）
Mandy 曼迪（女名）
Aron Ralston 阿伦. 罗尔斯顿
Utafh 犹他州（美国）
微课视频精讲
第一节微课
第二节微课
第三节微课
电子课本
知识点汇总
第一单元知识点汇总（供课前预习课后复习）
【重点句型】1. What's the matter with you?= What'the trouble with you?= What's wrong with you? 你怎么了？2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢？3.Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗？4.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她说这个人有心脏病应该去医院。
基础知识1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/ ' mætə(r)) /n.问题；事情What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？【注】：matter 和trouble 为名词， 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj. 不能加the【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时， 与介词with连用。即：What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.
2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒
have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼
3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4. much too+ 形容词，意为 太...... ，too much+名词，意为 很多，大量 。
5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money=much money
6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied
7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.
sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.
10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车
11. agree 同意，赞同；
agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.
12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble遇到麻烦，make trouble 制造麻烦 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻烦。
13. right away=right now=at once，意为 马上 。
14. advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议； advise [动词]
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
advise sb. doing sth.
advise sb.to do sth.和advise sb.doing sth.的区别
advise的用法搭配有两种：
advise sb.to do sth建议某人做某事
advise doing sth.建议做某事
如：He advised going to the movie.他建议去看电影.
He advised us to go to the movie.他建议我们去看电影.
请看下面这道题，该选哪个答案？是advise doing还是advise to do?
The husband advised_________to the south, but his wife advised him_________up the idea.
A. moving, givingB. to move, to giveC. moving, to giveD. to move, giving
【分析】此题容易误选A，因为许多学生都记住了“advise后接动词要用动名词而不用不定式”这一搭配规则。但此“规则”的表述是不准确的，准确的说法应该是：advise后接动词作宾语时，要用动名词，不用不定式；但若其后接的动词前有宾语，此动词用作宾语补足语时，则此动词要用不定式。即说advise doing sth (建议做某事)或advise sb to do sth (建议某人做某事)。类似情况的还有allow(允许)，permit(允许)，forbid(禁止)等动词，即：
allow doing sth允许做某事，allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事；
permit doing sth允许做某事，permit sb to do sth允许某人做某事；
forbid doing sth禁止做某事，forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事。
顺便说一句，要特别注意以上各句型后一结构的被动语态形式，如：
We don’t allow smoking in the lab.我们不准在实验室吸烟。
We don’t allow people to smoke in the lab.我们不准人们在实验室吸烟。
People are not allowed to smoke in the lab.人们不准在实验室吸烟。
重要语法点
一、 询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法
(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，常用以下几种结构来表达：
What’s the matter (with sb．)?（某人）怎么了？
What’s wrong (with sb．)?（某人）怎么了？
What’s the trouble (with sb．)?（某人）出什么事了？
What happened (to sb．)?（某人）发生了什么事？
Are you OK?你没事吧？
Is there anything wrong with sb.？某人有什么事吗？
(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构：
1.某人+have/has+病症．
The twins have colds．双胞胎感冒了。
2.+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.
She had a stomachache last night．她昨晚肚子痛。
3.某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位．
He has a sore throat．他喉咙痛。
4某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词．
He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。
5某部位+hurt(s).
My head hurts badly．我头痛得厉害。
6某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位，
I have a pain in my chest．我胸口痛。
7.(There is)something wrong with one’s+身体部位．
There is something wrong with my right eye．．我的右眼有毛病。
8.其他表达方式
She has a heart trouble．她有心脏病。
He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。
She cut her finger．她割破手指了。
二 情态动词should的用法
1．Should为情态动词，意为“应该；应当”，否定式为shouldn’t，其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。
You should drink hot water with honey．你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。
He should put his head back他应该把头后仰。
We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。
You shouldn‘t watch TV.你不应该看电视。
2．Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句，表示征询意见。
Should I put some medicine on it?我应当给它敷上药吗？
Should we tell her about it?我们应该告诉她这件事吗？
【拓展】在英语中，表示建议的说法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有：
①Would you like (to do) sth．？你想要／愿意（做）某事吗？
Would you like to play basketball with me?你想要和我一起打篮球吗？
②Shall I/we do sth ?我／我们做„„好吗？
Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我们去动物园，好吗？
③Why not do sth ?为什么不„„呢？
Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢？
④How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么样？ How about going swimming?去游泳怎么样？
⑤Let’s do sth让我们做„„吧。 Let’s go home．咱们回家吧。
⑥You’d better (not) do sth你最好（不）要做某事。
You’d better not go there alone．你最好不要一个人去那儿。
巩固练习
Ⅰ. 根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词。
1. Be careful, don’t t________ on the step.
2. The nurse cleaned the w_________ before theoperation.
3. Andy has a _________ (发烧)and won’t be coming into the work today.
4. I was upset at ___________ (错过)all the excitement.
5. Tommy is still in bed with _________ (流感).
Ⅱ. 单项选择。
1. —What do you do?
—I’man engineer. I ______ in a company in Wuhan. I like my job very much.
A.work
B. had worked
C. will work
D.worked
2. Tom ______ in China now. He called his parents oncea week.
A.is studying
B. will study
C. has studied
D.studied
3. When my father got home, I ______ a letter to myfriend.
A.write
B. am writing
C. wrote
D.was writing
4. —Doctor, I caught a bad cold, and I had a sorethroat.
—Howlong _____ like this?
A.did you
B. were you
C. have you been
D.had you been
5. There ______ a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine thisevening.
A.will have
B. is going to be
C. is going to have
D.is having
6. —_____ is the train station from the post office,do you know?
—Abouttwenty minutes’ bike ride.
A.How much
B. How long
C. How soon
D.How far
Ⅲ. 根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 你先走，我随后跟上你。
Go on ahead, and I’ll _______ _______with you.
2. 这是我遇到的最开心的事。
It’s the happiest thing that ______ever ______ ______ me.
3. 不幸的是，她摔倒了并划破了膝盖。
Unluckily, she ______ ______ andcut her knee badly.
4. 别担心，我的手没什么大事了。
Don’t worry. There’s _______ ______with my hand．
5. 我认为你最好先问问他。
I think you’d ______ ______ himfirst.
Ⅳ. 句型转换。
1. The man had a terrible accident during the trip. （改为同义句）
Aterrible accident _______ ______ the man during the trip.
2. My mother will be back in two hours. （对划线部分提问）
____________will your mother be back?
3. The girl’s left leg was wounded. （改为同义句）
Thegirl ______ _____ ______ in her left leg.
4. Tina came to the office half an hour ago. （用for half all hour替换halfall hour ago）
Tina______ _____ ______ for half an hour.
5. His uncle left for Rizhao yesterday. （用in about three days改写句子）
Hisuncle ______ _______ for Rizhao in about three days.
Ⅴ. 在空白处填入适当的单词补全对话，每空一词。
A: Oh, what happened to you?
B: It’s nothing ___1____.
A: But I think it is serious enough for you to be in____2____.
B: Oh, I just injured my arms.
A: Well, how did it happen?
B:This morning I was walking down the street near our factory when I found ahouse on fire. The door, the windows and everything in the house were____3____. People stood in front of the house, not knowing what to do. The ___4____air and heavy smoke ___5___ them out, but I heard someone crying ___6___ in aweak voice.
A: What did you do then?
B: I got ___7____ all wet with some___8___ and rushedinto the house.
A: Did you get ____9____ out?
B:Yes. It was a little girl. She was then given a ___10___ aid. When the fire wasput out, I found
my arms injured.
千万不要提前偷看哦
参考答案
Ⅰ.
1. trip 2. wound 3.fever 4.missing 5.flu
Ⅱ.
1. A 2. A 3. D 4.C 5.B 6. D
Ⅲ.
1. catch up 2. has; happened to 3.fell over 4. nothing serious 5. better ask
Ⅳ.
1. happened to 2. How soon 3. had a wound 4. has been here 5. will leave/is leaving
Ⅴ.
1. serious 2. hospital 3. burning 4.hot 5.kept
6. inside 7. myself 8.water 9.anyone/anybody 10. first/medical
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