哲学，为什么是“爱智慧”？

编者按

“哲学：知识还是智慧？”

这两天在看手机的时候，发现陈波师的最新文章（截图在文末），讨论了哲学到底是“知识”还是“智慧”？这个提法其实没有新意，毕竟是西方哲学的永恒问题。当然陈波师从逻辑或者分析哲学的路数出发，有自己的解释，这个解释可以看看。问题没有新意，但解释有新意就行了。
奥古斯丁早在几千年前就在《论三位一体》里区分了知识scientia和智慧sapientia了。哲学为什么是“爱智慧”之学，而不是“爱知识”之学？今天来重构一下奥古斯丁的文本，聊一下这个问题。

重要通知

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奥斯古丁：sapientia&scientia

Augustine on knowledge (Chapter 8) - The Cambridge Companion to Augustine↓上文摘自《剑桥指南·奥古斯丁》第八章，“知识”是心灵对世界的实践性处理，而“智慧”是关于永恒的知识。
下面“知识”scientia和“智慧”sapientia的选段，都来自奥古斯丁的《论三位一体》。主要集中在12卷、14卷和15卷。
要点：虔诚是智慧，远离邪恶是知识。智慧是沉思，知识是行动。认识永恒的对象是智慧，认识时间里的对象是知识。
智慧是人和神的知识。

哲学之所以是“爱智慧”，主要是因为哲学是沉思永恒不变之学吧。
12.14.22 

拉丁文：Ecce pietas est sapientia, abstinere autem a malis scientia est. In hac differentia intellegendum est ad contemplationem sapientiam, ad actionem scientiam pertinere
英文：Behold, piety, that is wisdom; but to depart from evil is knowledge. In thus distinguishing, it must be understood that wisdom belongs to contemplation, knowledge to action

12.15.25 
拉丁文：Si ergo haec est sapientiae et scientiae recta distinctio ut ad sapientiam pertineat aeternarum rerum cognitio intellectualis, ad scientiam vero temporalium rerum cognitio rationalis, quid cui praeponendum sive postponendum sit non est difficile iudicare. 

英文：If therefore this is the right distinction between wisdom and knowledge, that the intellectual cognizance of eternal things belongs to wisdom, but the rational cognizance of temporal things to knowledge, it is not difficult to judge which is to be preferred or postponed to which.

14.1.3
拉丁文：Sapientia est rerum humanarum divinarumque scientia
英文：Wisdom is the knowledge of things human and divine
12.14.23 
拉丁文：De his ergo sermo cum fit, eum scientiae sermonem puto discernendum a sermone sapientiae ad quam pertinent ea quae nec fuerunt nec futura sunt sed sunt, et propter eam aeternitatem in qua sunt et fuisse et esse et futura esse dicuntur sine ulla mutabilitate temporum.
英文：When a discourse then relates to these things, I hold it to be a discourse belonging to knowledge, and to be distinguished from a discourse belonging to wisdom, to which those things belong, which neither have been, nor shall be, but are; and on account of that eternity in which they are, are said to have been, and to be, and to be about to be, without any changeableness of times.

15.13.2 
拉丁文：Longe est igitur huic scientiae scientia nostra dissimilis. Quae autem scientia dei est ipsa et sapientia, et quae sapientia ipsa essentia sive substantia quia in illius naturae simplicitate mirabili non est aliud sapere, aliud esse, sed quod est sapere hoc est et esse sicut et in superioribus libris saepe iam diximus. Nostra vero scientia in rebus plurimis propterea et amissibilis est et receptibilis quia non hoc est nobis esse quod scire vel sapere, quoniam esse possumus etiam si nesciamus neque sapiamus ea quae aliunde didicimus. Propter hoc sicut nostra scientia illi scientiae dei, sic et nostrum verbum quod nascitur de nostra scientia dissimile est illi verbo dei quod natum est de patris essentia. (Tale est autem ac si dicerem, 'de patris scientia, de patris sapientia'; vel quod est expressius, 'de patre scientia, de patre sapientia.'）
英文：This knowledge, therefore, is far unlike our knowledge. And the knowledge of God is itself also His wisdom, and His wisdom is itself His essence or substance. Because in the marvellous simplicity of that nature, it is not one thing to be wise and another to be, but to be wise is to be; as we have often said already also in the earlier books. But our knowledge is in most things capable both of being lost and of being recovered, because to us to be is not the same as to know or to be wise; since it is possible for us to be, even although we know not, neither are wise in that which we have learned from elsewhere. Therefore, as our knowledge is unlike that knowledge of God, so is our word also, which is born from our knowledge, unlike that Word of God which is born from the essence of the Father. And this is as if I should say, born from the Father's knowledge, from the Father's wisdom; or still more exactly, from the Father who is knowledge, from the Father who is wisdom.

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