Lab D+H 实践 | 尊重的复兴---万科仓前九里景观设计

△ 鸟瞰效果图

项目名称：福州仓前九里景观设计

地理位置：福州烟台山

面积：9000平米

业主：福州万科房地产公司

Project Name: Fuzhou Canaqianjiuli landscape design

Geographical location: Yantai Muntain, Fuzhou

Area: 9000 square meters

Owner: Fuzhou Vanke  Company

缘起

Origin

问题分析：

Problem Analysis

作为福州的文化地标，烟台山曾经是殖民区，中西方文化在这里交融，繁盛一时。汇聚了17国领事馆，33家洋行、8座教堂、3家教会医院、11所教会学校，是福州版的“万国建筑博物馆”，更是凝固的中国近现代史。 建国后这里逐渐变成了一个荒废的区域，曾经的美国领事馆也废弃成为仓库。随着城市的更新，万科打算将这里改造成为烟台山城市历史博物馆以及仓前九里的展示区。在设计之初，最大的问题是如何设计一个完全融入当地历史文化的景观。同时，新的烟台山要如何面向公众，如何让当地居民与游客共同分享场地也是一个必须解决的难题。我们相信复兴烟台山应该用一种更加自然，与生俱来的设计方法，在修复和翻新旧貌的同时，应把设计本身藏起来，只沉浸在整个场所营造之中。

As a cultural landmark of Fuzhou, Yantai Mountain was a colonial district. Chinese and western culture blended in here, flourishing in history. Here is the "museum of national architecture" in Fuzhou, gathering 17 consulates, 33 foreign banks, 8 churches, 3 missionary hospitals, and 11 mission schools. After the founding of the state, it became an abandoned area, and the former U.S. consulate was abandoned as a warehouse. With the city's renewal, Vanke planned to transform it into a museum of Yantai Mountain’s history and the exhibition area of Cangqianjiuli. At the beginning of the design, the biggest problem was how to let design fully integrate into the local history and culture. At the same time, how to let the local residents share the site with tourists was also a problem that must be solved. We believe that the revival of Yantai Mountain should use a more natural, innate design method to repair the site and integrate design into the environment.

△ 烟台山老照片

△ 设计平面图

设计策略

Design Strategy

1.古典格局的重塑

Remodeling of the classical pattern

为了设计一个和场地精神契合的景观，我们借鉴了美国折衷主义时期的语言，在均衡与秩序中重塑历史。中轴对称，几何切割的语言不仅回应了建筑风格，也奠定了整个设计古典的基调。同时我们还原了历史照片中的大量细节，使珍贵的人文记忆被保留在场地之中。 

To design the landscape that fits the spirit of the site, we borrowed the American eclectic language. The middle axis symmetry, geometric cutting language not only responded to architectural style, but also established the classical tone. At the same time, we restored a lot of details from the historical photos, and preserved the precious memory in the field. 

2.梅花图案的运用

The use of plum patterns

我们查阅了场地的县志，了解到在烟台山殖民前曾被叫做梅花坞。梅花成为了故事线索，我们用不同的设计形态去诠释它，有的化为铺装肌理，有的化为水景喷泉，有的化为灯具小品等。梅花图案的运用为场地注入了新的灵魂，带回场地记忆的同时又给人全新的感受。

We checked the county annals and learned that, it had been called plum dock before the settlement of Yantai Mountain. The plum flower became the story clue. We used different design forms to interpret it, such as pavement texture, fountain, and lamps. The application of plum flower pattern injected new spirit into the field, bringing back the memory of the site and giving people new feeling.

3.在地材料的使用

The application of site materials

在场地的拆迁中，大量的老建筑材料被保留了下来。我们保留石阶交错的有机感，虎皮石斜垒成为挡土墙，瓦片变成了透光的花窗，砖块变成了场地的种植钵。我们用当地的工艺和最质朴的手法处理这些材料，展示其本身的肌理与气质。新老材料的结合将场地和历史和紧密联系在了一起。

After the demolition of the site, a large number of old building materials had been preserved. We reserved the organic feeling of stone steps, breaking stones into paving. We also turned tiles into windows, and bricks into planting pots. We used local craft and the simplest technique to deal with these materials, showing its own charm. The combination of new and old materials brings the current site and history together. 

4.原生植物的种植

The cultivation of native plants

我们保留了场地所有的大乔木并让新的设计与它们对话。石墙的缝隙给野生蕨类和花草生长的机会，阶梯旁花草在麻石种植钵中生长，藤蔓从砖瓦的缝隙中渗透出来。原生植物的种植营造出生机诗意的场景氛围，使新的景观与烟台山和谐共生。

We kept all the big trees in the field and let the new design embrace them. We applied oxalic acid to let plants grow in existing masonry walls. Flowers and grass grew in planting pots on stages, vines growing from gaps of bricks.  Native plants created a poetic atmosphere to let the new landscape coexist with Yantai Mountain.

5.对于场所的尊重

Respect of the site 

对于仓前九里的景观设计，我们从场地与城市的关系出发，手法是克制的，使每个设计元素恰到好处的存在于整个历史空间的叙事中，置身其中甚至有一种穿越感。在狭长的线性空间中出现一系列舒适的小场所，或是外摆休憩区或是公共空间，在步移景异的上山过程中人们可以很好的与他人与环境互动。

To design the site, we started from studying the relationship between site and the city. So, the design method is restrained, to let design elements fit into the historical site. People can interact with others in comfortable space and outdoor seating area along the way to mountain top. 

分区设计

Enlargements

亭下路：

△ 入口红砖墙

△ 亭下路商业街

亭下弄：

△ 叠石花园

△ 亭下弄上山道

爱国路2号：

△ 铸铜梅花大门

△ 梅花源水景

△ 梅花源叠水

△ 梅花吐水墙

△ 休憩花园

△ 树荫后花园

△ 美领馆的前世今生

仓前九里的建成，是荒废的场所通过景观的方式修缮和复兴的尝试，人们在穿行在场地中感受时间，历史和文化。我们秉持对场所与历史的尊重，挖掘和创造美，续写烟台山的场所文脉。

Cangqianjiuli is the revival of wasteland through landscape design method. People can feel the time flow, history and culture in the site. With the respect of the site, we recreated Yantai Mountain’s culture context. 

景观设计：Lab D+H

设计团队：李中伟 林楠 徐捷 周建 樊彧菲 张家茜 李秀娟 顾双双 秦超 李立 刘慧倩 吴静宇 黄诗琪

设计周期：2016.08-2017.04

建设周期：2017.04-2017.08

万科负责团队：刘梦伊

实景照片版权：存在建筑

Landscape design: Lab D+H

Design team: Zhongwei li, Nan Lin,   Jie Xu,   Jian Zhou,   Yufei Fan,   Jiaqian Zhang,   Xiujuan Li,  Chao Qin,   Li Li,  HuiQian Liu, Jingyu Wu, Shiqi Huang

Design period: 2016.08-2017.04

Construction period: 2017.04-2017.08

Vanke's responsible team: Mengyi liu

Photos Copyright: Arch-Exist 

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