当代最有影响力的理论物理学家、1979年诺贝尔奖得主史蒂文·温伯格(Steven Weinberg,1933.5.3-2021.7.23)不仅是一位有分量的物理学者,同时还是一位足够有影响力的科普作家。他创作的科普和科学史作品都是科普界的经典,能够引起同时代甚至下一代物理学家的思考和研究,他出版的科学随笔也是余味悠长。去年,当温伯格的随笔集Third Thoughts在美国出版后,我们发表过著名科普作家卢昌海先生的介绍(见温伯格的最后一本文集,值得每个科学爱好者品读丨昌海一述)。在卢昌海的文章里,他特别提到温伯格在这本书里两篇有关科学史的文章:“Keeping an Eye on the Present – Whig History of Science”和“The Whig History of Science: An Exchange”。因为“这两篇文章都跟温伯格的科学史著作To Explain the World密切相关——因为都是后者引发的。......科学史学界对这部书的反应相当激烈。......而收录在Third Thoughts中的这两篇文章由于对这种针锋相对作了更清晰、更精彩、更直率、并且也更针锋相对的阐述,故而值得特别举出。”
今年,Third Thoughts已经有了中译本,我们在此刊发“Keeping an Eye on the Present – Whig History of Science”(《关注当下——科学的辉格史》)一文,与《返朴》诸友共读共思。欢迎发表您的看法至留言区,截至4月30日我们会选出3条留言,每人赠书一本。
[1] Steven Weinberg, Gravitation and Cosmology: Principles and Applications of the General Theory of Relativity (New York: Wiley, 1972).
[2] Steven Weinberg, The First Three Minutes: A Modern View of the Origin of the Universe (New York: Basic Books, 1977; updated ed., 1988). [3] Steven Weinberg, The Discovery of Subatomic Particles (New York: Scientific American Library, 1983; rev. ed., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). [4] Steven Weinberg, To Explain the World: The Discovery of Modern Science (New York: HarperCollins, 2015). [5] Herbert Butterfield, The Whig Interpretation of History (1931; republished, New York: W. W. Norton, 1965). 我在本文中会遵循巴特菲尔德的习惯,“辉格”指代政党时大写,指代学术倾向时小写。(简体中文版中则用“辉格党”和“辉格式”来区分。——译者注) [6] 这本书就是《给世界的答案》。 [7] T. Kuhn, “The History of Science,” in International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, vol. 14 (New York: Macmillan, 1968), 76. [8] E. H. Harrison, “Whigs, Prigs, and Historians of Science,” Nature 329, no. 213 (September 1987). [9] N. Jardine, “Whigs and Stories: Herbert Butterfield and the Historiography of Science,” Journal of the History of Science 41, no. 125 (2003). [10] E. Mayr,“ When Is Historiography Whiggish?,” Journal of the History of Ideas 51, no. 2 (1990): 301-309. [11] David C. Lindberg, The Beginnings of Modern Science (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992). [12] 这些讲座于1950 年由赫伯特·巴特菲尔德收录于The Origins of Modern Science, rev.ed. ( New York: Free Press, 1957)。 [13] 参见 A. R. Hall,“ On Whiggism,” History of Science 21, no. 45 (1983) 一文的结尾。 [14] 关于巴特菲尔德的宗教观点,见M. Bentley, The Life and Thought of Herbert Butterfield (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011)。