每周书单｜《狂飙》社会学书单与10部配套电影，来自哈佛大学老师的课程

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校订：孙宇凡

高启强与《狂飙》

最近最火的话题。

真实到不能再真实的黑帮社会

狂飙到不能再狂飙的暴力机器

黑帮、黑社会、有组织犯罪……这些领域，我们平常人都超级感兴趣，但又非常不了解。

想要更过瘾地了解黑社会世界？

哈佛大学社会学系老师Danilo Mandić就开过一门课，就叫研究黑帮的！

到底黑帮和腐败是什么？除了孟德海、赵立冬，还有哪些政治网络可能性？

到底黑帮与底层民众是什么关系？为什么高启强所在的“旧厂街”会成为黑帮区？

到底黑帮的老大都是怎么传承的？从泰叔到黑启强一样的故事还有哪些？

到底黑帮是怎么看待贩毒、人口贩卖的？为什么高启强就是不许他弟弟碰违禁品的贩卖？

到底黑帮在全球化时代会有什么新生存策略？高启强更像地头蛇，但是那些全球流动的黑帮是什么样的？

这门课、这个书单，都有！

而且，哈佛的Mandić老师，还给大家配了10部电影！

边刷剧边看电影边学社会学！

彻底搞懂《狂飙》背后的真实世界！

哈佛大学社会学副高级讲师（Associate Senior Lecturer）Danilo Mandić，之所以研究黑帮，是因为他是一位政治社会学家和比较历史分析学者。他关注和黑帮相关的众多领域，比如战争、难民、民族主义、分离主义、族群关系、社会运动、有组织犯罪、后殖民国家和冲突后社会重建等，之前在普林斯顿大学获得学士学位，以及在哈佛大学获得博士学位。

Mandić还专门出过一本书，Gangsters and Other Statesmen，也是关于黑帮的，是普林斯顿大学出版的，获得了美国社会学学会战争、和平与社会冲突分会2022年最佳著作奖。

课程概述与目标

本课程将有组织的犯罪（organized crime，或称“黑帮”）视作相互关联的社会现象。学生将阅读社会学家、历史学家和其他社会科学家在不同国家和历史背景下对黑手党的性质、原因和后果的论述。我们将通过经典和现代电影作品中的（错误）表现，进一步审视这些现象。学生将学习到：

1. 了解黑帮的主要原因、后果和概念。

2. 区分黑帮与社会运动、恐怖组织和腐败。

3. 确定有黑帮在全球化时代从传统黑手党到现代跨国网络的演变。

4. 探讨国家和黑帮的相互关系，他们的活动有什么相似之处，又有什么不同。
   

5. 揭开黑帮的神秘面纱，并将其与政治不稳定和社会动荡联系在一起。

6. 辨别黑帮与整个社会的正义、平等主义和爱国主义意识形态之间的文化、政治和社会联系。  

7. 通过电影图像和隐喻来加强社会科学推理和论证。

8. 培养对流行文化中黑手党表现的怀疑态度。

课程安排

第一周：课程介绍

Jay S. Albanese, “What is Organized Crime?” in Organized Crime in Our Times (6th Edition), pp. 1-24.

Katherine Hirschfeld, “What is Organized Crime?” in Gangster States: Organized Crime, Kleptocracy and Political Collapse, pp. 23-38.

Michael P. Roth, “Organized Crime in a High-Tech World” in Global Organized Crime: A 21st Century Approach, pp. 471-503.

Film: Mean Streets (1973) – Director: Martin Scorsese（中译：穷街陋巷）

第二周：主题

Charles Tilly, “War Marking and State Making as Organized Crime” in Bringing the State Back In, pp. 169-91.

Skaperdas, S., “The Political Economy of Organized Crime: Providing Protection When the State Does Not,” Economics of Governance 2(3), pp.173-202.

Fran Mason, American Gangster Cinema: From" Little Caesar" to" Pulp Fiction", pp.141-169.

Film: A Sun (2019) – Director: Chung Mong-hong（中译：阳光普照）

第三周：黑手党移民

Federico Varese, “Introduction,” “Mafia Transplantation,” and “Mafia Origins, Transplantations and the Paradoxes of Democracy” in Mafias on the Move: How Organized Crime Conquers New Territories, pp. 1-30; pp. 188-202.

Misha Glenny, “The Future of Organized Crime” in McMafia: A Journey Through the Global Criminal Underworld, pp. 313-342.

Film: Godfather: Part II (1974) – Director: Francis Ford Coppola（中译：教父2）

第四周：贪婪、信条和政治需要

West, J. “The Political Economy of Organized Crime and State Failure: The Nexus of Greed, Need and Grievance.” Development and Change 33, pp. 935-955.

Anderson, A. “Organized Crime, mafia and governments” in Economics of Organized Crime (Cambridge University Press), pp. 33-53.

Miguel Centeno et al., “Internal wars and Latin American nationalism” in Nationalism and War, pp. 279-305.

Naim, M. “Mafia States: Organized Crime Takes Office,” Foreign Affairs 91, pp.100 107.

Film:  Third Man (1949) – Director: Carol Reed（中译：第三人）

第五周：战争与黑帮

Charles Tilly,“How War Made States and Vice-Versa” in Coercion, Capital, and  European States, AD 990-1990, pp. 67-95.

Peter Andreas, "The Clandestine Political Economy of War and Peace in Bosnia” in International Studies Quarterly 48 (1), pp. 29-52.

Charles King, “The Benefits of Ethnic War” in Extreme Politics: Nationalism, Violence and the End of Eastern Europe, pp. 103-132.

Film:  Catch 22 (1970) – Director: Mike Nichols（中译：第二十二条军规）

第六周：世袭主义

Collins, R. “Patrimonial alliances and failures of state penetration: A historical dynamic of crime, corruption, gangs, and mafias.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of political and Social Science, 636(1), 16-31.

Emile Durkheim, “Repressive Sanctions and Mechanical Solidarity” and “Variations in the Character of Penal Sanctions” in Emile Durkheim: Selected Writings, pp. 123-140.

Max Weber, “Domination and Legitimacy” in Economy and Society (3rd edition), pp. 941-955.

Danilo Mandić, “West Africa” in Gangsters and Other Statesmen, pp.124-146.

Film:  Gomorrah (2008) – Director: Matteo Garrone.（中译：格莫拉）

第七周：法维拉*、贫民区和周边地区

*Favela是巴西工人阶级社区总称。

Loic Wacquant, "Ghetto, Banlieue, Favela, et caetera: Tools for Rethinking Urban Marginality" in Urban Outcasts: A Comparative Sociology of Advanced  Marginality, pp. 1-12.

Alice Goffman, “On the Run: Wanted Men in a Philadelphia Ghetto” in American Sociological Review 74 (3), pp. 339-357.

Mitch Duneier, “The Forgotten Ghetto” in Ghetto: The Invention of a Place, the History of an Idea, pp. 217-237.

James C. Scott, “Conclusion” in The Art of Not Being Governed, pp. 324-337.

Film: City of God (2002) – Director: Fernando Meirelles（中译：上帝之城）

第八周：匪徒与其他爱国者

Eric Hobsbawm, “The Social Bandit” and “Mafia” in Social Bandits and Primitive Rebels: Studies in Archaic Forms of Social Movement in the 19th and 20th Centuries, pp. 13-56; “The City Mob,” pp.108-125.

Film: The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford (2007) – Director: Andrew Dominik（中译：神枪手之死）

第九周：人口偷渡客

Fitzgibbon, K., 2003. Modern-day slavery? The scope of trafficking in persons in Africa African Security Studies, 12 (1), pp.81-89.

Mandic and Simpson, “Shifted Risk: the Unintended Consequences of Repressing Refugee Smuggling,” International Migration, pp.73-84.

Andreas, P., 2001. The transformation of migrant Smuggling across the US-Mexican  Border. Global human smuggling: Comparative perspectives, pp.107-125.

Andreas, P. 2013. “Coming to America Through the Back Door” in Smuggler Nation,   pp.208-227.

Film:  Shanghai Hotel (2011) – Director: Jerry Allen Davis

第十周：贩毒

Alfred McCoy, “Coercion and its unintended consequences: A study of heroin trafficking in Southeast and South West Asia.” Crime, law and social change, 33(3), pp.191-224.

Mahmood Mamdani, “Financing the Jihad Through the Drug Trade” in Good Muslim, Bad Muslim, pp. 140-146.

Mitchell P. Roth, “Organized Crime in Mexico, Latin America and the Carribean” in Global Organized Crime: A 21st Century Approach,    pp.357-405.

Kalyvas, S.N. “How civil wars help explain organized crime—and how they do not.” Journal of Conflict Resolution, 59(8), pp.1517-1540.

Film: Maria Full of Grace (2004) – Director: Joshua Marston（中译：万福玛利亚）

第十一周：肮脏违禁品

Louise Shelley, “The Trafic Trajectory of the Rhino Horn Trade” in Dark Commerce, pp.87-111.

Danilo Mandić, “Smuggling Kidneys and Uranium” in Gangsters and Other Statesmen,     pp. 82-103.

Zaitseva and Hand, “Nuclear Smuggling Chains Suppliers, Intermediaries, and End Users. American Behavioral Scientist, 46(6), 822-844.

Flottau, R. “Albania’s House at the End of the World: Family Denies Organ Harvesting Allegations,” 

(Sept. 2008).

Film:  Les Misérables (2019) – Director: Ladj Ly（中译：悲惨世界）

第十二周-第十三周：学生展示

第十四周：课程回顾

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