China Daily | 广西工业城市柳州：从“酸雨之都”到地表水水质排名全国第一

提要

3月1日，《中国日报（China Daily）》刊发英文报道《Industrial city in Guangxi ranks top in water quality after long cleanup（广西工业城市柳州：从“酸雨之都”到地表水水质排名全国第一）》，解码从“酸雨之都”到地表水水质排名全国第一的背后故事。

中国日报

Industrial city in Guangxi ranks top in water quality after long cleanup

By SHI RUIPENG in Liuzhou, Guangxi and HOU LIQIANG | CHINA DAILY

Updated: March 1, 2021

Liuzhou, an industrial city in South China previously plagued by acid rain, now has better water quality than any other major city in the country thanks to the local authorities' persistent pollution control efforts and a river chief system that sees leading officials at different levels oversee protection work.

The city in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region－noted for its large concentration of smokestack industries, including steel smelters and chemical plants－ranked No 1 for surface water quality last year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment said.

In 2019, it came second only to Laibin, also in Guangxi, despite ranking 10th among 337 major Chinese cities in the first quarter of that year, when the rankings were first made public.

Liuzhou is a microcosm of the country's efforts to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects, including a livable environment.

The city experienced acid rain in 98.5 percent of precipitation events from 1985 to 1995, making it one of four cities most frequently plagued by acid rain in that decade, according to monitoring by local authorities.

Another environmental problem in the city, which has a dense network of rivers and lakes, was water pollution. The banks of the Liujiang River, which runs through the city, used to be dotted with hundreds of sewage outlets.

The direct discharge of waste water from residential communities and factories made the Zhu'exi River, which also runs through the city and empties into the Liujiang, a black and odorous water body in the 1990s.

"We used to have to keep our windows tightly closed to prevent the smell from entering our homes," said a man surnamed Huang who lives near the river, adding that the smell was even worse when it rained.

Today, however, the quality of water in the small river is as good as when he was a child.

"When the weather is good, some people even play in the water," Huang said.

The change happened after years of local government efforts to build waste water disposal facilities.

Since 2001, the city has invested more than 8 billion yuan ($1.24 billion) to build more than 1,000 kilometers of underground pipes to help collect waste water and divert it to treatment plants, local authorities said.

There are now concentrated waste water treatment facilities for Liuzhou's eight industrial clusters, and a wide-ranging low-emission transformation has been rolled out to greatly reduce the amount of pollutants generated by industries.

With the historical problems addressed, the river chief system Liuzhou introduced in 2017 has helped prevent the emergence of new environmental hazards.

Liuzhou now has more than 2,000 river chiefs in a four-tier system that reaches down to the village level. They have made more than 300,000 patrols to monitor potential environmental hazards, the city government said.

The river chiefs have helped address more than 1,000 environmental violations in rivers and lakes, including illegal occupation of watercourses and dumping.

With the help of a smartphone app that can pinpoint, report and trace environmental problems, river chiefs need to patrol the water bodies they are in charge of at least once a month, said Jiang Yong, deputy head of Liuzhou's water resources bureau.

He said the city government is expanding the monitoring system with the use of intelligent cameras that can automatically report environmental violations, such as garbage dumping and the entering of restricted areas around water bodies.

The system can also help assess river chiefs' performances in their patrol work because it can track and analyze their movements, Jiang said.

The city government plans to further enhance its water pollution control efforts during the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25) period, especially in rural areas.

While 181 sewage treatment facilities have been built in rural parts of the city in the past five years, another 788 will be established in the next five years.

This means almost 34 percent of the city's rural villages will be covered by such facilities, it said.

Mai Mengjia contributed to this story.

 大意如下：

柳州：从“酸雨之都”到地表水水质排名全国第一

广西柳州 石睿鹏 侯立强《中国日报》

柳州，中国南方的一座工业城市。上世纪九十年代，华南工业城市柳州市曾饱受酸雨困扰，被列为全国四大酸雨城市之一；而在今年1月15日生态环境部发布的2020年地表水考核中，柳州市拿下了首个年度全国冠军，在全国337个主要城市中位列第一。2019年5月，生态环境部首次公布了地级及以上城市国家地表水考核断面水环境质量排名，柳州排名第十。自该年第一季度起，生态环境部每季度都会开展地级及以上城市国家地表水考核断面水环境质量状况及变化情况排名。这个有着密集河流与湖泊网络的城市曾面临严重的水污染问题。在贯穿全城的柳江河畔，过去曾遍布着数百个排污口；在内河竹鹅溪两畔，居民黄先生曾必须禁闭门窗以防止恶臭气味进入家中。如今，经过多年的综合治理，竹鹅溪已经摘掉了黑臭水体的“臭帽子”。黄先生表示，现在竹鹅溪的水质“像我小时候那样好。天气好的时候，还会有人在河边玩。”这一转变的实现，离不开地方当局污染控制的持续努力，以及其自2017年引入的的河长制度。据介绍，自2001年以来，柳州市已投资80多亿元修建1000多公里的地下管道，用于收集废水并将其转移到处理厂。全市八个产业集群现已有集中废水处理设施，并推行低排放改造，大大减少了工业产生的污染物。柳州现有市村、县、乡、村四级河长超过2000名。据介绍，截止2020年，他们已进行了30多万次巡逻，解决包括非法占领水道和垃圾倾倒等在内的环境违法行为1000多起。柳州市水利局介绍，柳州市现已启用一款能精确定位、报告和追踪环境问题的智能手机应用程序；同时正在扩大监测系统，使用智能摄像头自动报告环境违法行为。该系统还可以通过跟踪和分析行动轨迹来评估河长在巡逻工作中的表现。市政府计划在“十四五”（2021-25）期间进一步加大全市，尤其是农村地区的水污染治理力度。过去五年，柳州市农村地区已建成181个污水处理设施，今后五年将再建成788个。这意味着几乎34%的城市乡村将被这些设施所覆盖。

往期回顾：

柳州，一座城，一众人，在人们追求幸福的伟大创造中，不断创造出奇迹和事业。在隽永的山水间，在民族的奋斗中，在历史的长河里，在工业的雄奇中，这是事迹和人物共同书写着一幅幅画卷，我们因之将这座城市称之为画卷柳州。

请长按下图扫描二维码关注微信“画卷柳州”

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来源：柳州市委外宣办微信“画卷柳州（huajuanLZ）”综合中国日报

中共柳州市委外宣办出品