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述评|数字丝绸之路迸发生机活力

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

“驼铃悠悠”的古丝绸之路,是人类历史上最伟大的贸易线路之一,也是连接古代中国与世界的重要纽带。如今,驼队运货“变身”互联网上“跑”数据,“丝绸之路”正在焕发出新的生机。

数字经济蓬勃发展

   “数字鸿沟”加速弥合

生成式人工智能、大数据、云计算、5G……当今世界,数字经济发展速度之快、辐射范围之广、影响程度之深前所未有,不仅打破了时空限制、延伸了产业链条,也带动了传统产业转型升级、培育出新的经济增长点。《全球数字经济白皮书(2023年)》显示,全球数字经济规模持续上升,对全球经济的贡献持续增强。2022年,美国、中国、德国、日本、韩国等5个世界主要国家的数字经济总量为31万亿美元,数字经济占GDP比重为58%,较2016年提升约11个百分点。与此同时,数字发展不平衡问题依然突出,国家之间、城乡之间、不同收入群体之间没有实现普遍受益的普惠,数字技术应用水平差距明显。根据国际电信联盟(以下简称“国际电联”)报告显示,当前全球互联网发展已取得积极成果,但互联网接入不均衡的现状表明,全球依然存在数字鸿沟。全球约有三分之一的人口仍未接入互联网。高收入国家中93%的人口为互联网用户,在低收入国家,仅有27%的人口使用互联网。国际电联秘书长多琳·伯格丹—马丁表示:“技术发展得越快、越好,我们将所有人连接起来的使命就越紧迫。”国际电联电信发展局主任科斯马斯·扎瓦扎瓦呼吁,各国进一步采取措施推动互联网接入、促进数字技术发展,为建设更具包容性和可持续性的未来奠定基础。在全球移动通信系统协会(GSMA)首席执行官洪曜庄看来,要建设更美好的未来和更包容互联的社会,必须专注于缩小数字鸿沟,确保每个人都有机会从使用互联网的过程中受益。全球应携手共进,秉持创新合作的理念,建设一个惠及全人类的美好数字未来。

完善全球基础设施

   共享“数字丝路”红利

在“数字丝绸之路”倡议下,共建“一带一路”国家和地区,在数字基础设施、数字技术、数字市场等领域持续深化交流合作,紧抓数字时代机遇,释放数字增长潜能,实现数字成果共享。信息通信基础设施是实现数据互联互通、夯实数字经济发展的重要基石。在亚欧大陆上,中国电信助建的老挝丰沙里智慧安全城市项目,利用信息化、可视化等手段,构建持续动态更新维护的警务信息平台系统,高效管理各类警务资源,有效提升当地警务处置效率和智能化水平。在非洲大地上,“万村通”项目,为数以千万计民众,带来稳定的卫星电视服务,拓展当地居民获取信息的渠道;总部位于中国长沙的在线购物平台Kilimall,以丰富的商品和便捷的服务,便利了非洲民众的生活。在曾经的古丝绸之路上,如今一大批数字项目落地,领域涉及信息基础设施、数字供应链、智能制造、智慧城市、跨境电商和数字文娱等,为推动共建国家和地区转型奠定了坚实基础。截至2022年底,中国已与17个国家签署“数字丝绸之路”合作谅解备忘录,与23个国家建立“丝路电商”双边合作机制,发起了一系列重要倡议,致力于共同构建和平、安全、开放、合作、有序的网络空间。中国网络空间研究院发布的《世界互联网发展报告2023》对21个欠发达国家互联网应用情况的分析显示,老挝、缅甸、安哥拉等15个共建“一带一路”国家的互联网应用发展速度高于其他国家平均增速,一定程度上体现了共建“一带一路”特别是“数字丝绸之路”建设对这些国家互联网发展的拉动作用。

搭建全球性平台

   创造发展新机遇

当前,“数字丝绸之路”建设也面临经济全球化受阻和信息安全等新挑战。一方面,共建“一带一路”国家大多数经济欠发达,通信基站等基础设施建设起步较晚,民众互联网使用率不高,全球数字化大潮中的“数字孤岛”现象仍然突出,制约了“数字丝绸之路”建设的深入发展。另一方面,标准规则规制“软联通”仍需加强。比如,数字经济的快速发展对于数字领域国际标准和规则提出了更高的要求,但全球尚未形成统一的国际数字治理规则框架。数据跨境流动是数字经济国际合作的必然要求,但当前跨境数据流动仍面临不小挑战。积极破题,需要进一步推动数字基础设施“硬联通”,促进标准规则规制“软联通”,推动构建数字经济发展的良好氛围。4月16日,由世界互联网大会主办,陕西省人民政府承办的数字丝路发展论坛将在陕西西安召开。世界互联网大会将继续搭建全球交流合作平台,推动与共建“一带一路”国家和地区在数字技术、数字基础设施、数字市场等领域持续深化交流合作。通过对话交流,搭建起国际合作新框架,为“数字丝路”创造发展新机遇。




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撰文:李飞 曾震宇 排版:李汶键 统筹:李政葳

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