美国：真相起底 公民健康权无法得到保障
The affordability of health care is a major issue drawing fierce debates across America. According to Gallup, in 2019, 33 percent of Americans said they or their family put off treatment for a medical condition due to high costs, and 25 percent said they delayed looking into a serious condition.
医疗服务的可负担性是全美激辩的一个主要问题。盖洛普(Gallup)报告显示，2019年，33％的美国人表示由于费用高昂，他们或家人不得不推迟治疗，而25％的美国人表示他们因费用问题推迟了对重症的治疗。
The rate of postponing medical care was the highest in the past 20 years. Meanwhile, a report by Rx Savings Solutions said the prices of 3,400 types of prescription drugs went up by 10 percent from the year before, five times the rate of inflation.
推迟治疗的患者比率达到20年来的最高水平。此外，在线医疗软件服务商Rx Savings Solution发布的报告显示，3400种处方药的价格比前一年上涨了10％，是通货膨胀率的五倍。
To buy insulin at a tenth of the price it would cost in their own country, some in Minnesota need to travel 1,300 kilometers north to Ontario, Canada.
为购买比国内便宜90%的胰岛素，一些美国人需要乘坐大巴向北行进1300公里，从美国明尼苏达州辗转至加拿大安大略省。
The drug is a life saver for those suffering from Type 1 diabetes.
该药物是1型糖尿病患者的救命药。
"It is staggering how much more money it is in America. You can see why one in four Americans are rationing their insulin because they cannot afford it. We are from a wealthy country. We are from a great country, but we are not taking care of our citizens," said Quinn Nystrom, an advocate for people with diabetes.
胰岛素采购团成员奎恩·纽斯特罗姆说到：“美国竟然卖的贵那么多，真的令人震惊。这导致四分之一的美国人不得不自行限量使用胰岛素。因为实在是负担不起。我们来自一个富裕的国家，一个伟大的国家，但是美国却没能够照顾好自己的人民。"
John Kenned, who has diabetes, said: "This [medicine] retails for around 300 dollars for one vial [in the U.S.]. And I just got it for 25 U.S. dollars here [in Canada]. Now why the hell is that? Why? It's crazy to me. So as excited as I am to save some money, I am devastated to know that affordable insulin is just available to us across the border.”
另一名采购团成员约翰·肯尼迪也指出:“在美国，一小瓶胰岛素的零售价约为300美元。而且我在这里只花25美元就买到了。这也太扯淡了！怎么会这样？真是疯狂。尽管我很高兴能够省钱，但是我也感到十分痛心，因为便宜的胰岛素只有邻国才有”。
There is also anger that people continue to die from diabetes because they couldn't afford proper treatment.
令人愤怒的是，依然有糖尿病患者由于用不起药而死亡。
"Here we are talking about how even though there's a treatment for Type 1 diabetes, my own son didn't benefit from that treatment because he couldn't afford it. It's difficult. It's a hard pill to swallow," said Nicole Smith-Holt, whose son died in 2017 because he was rationing insulin.
“我们都知道1型糖尿病有药可治，但是我儿子因为负担不起药费而无法从中受益。这实在让人难以接受。”妮可·史密斯-霍尔特在采访中这样说。她也是胰岛素采购团的成员之一，2017年，她的儿子不幸去世。由于费用高昂，他生前被迫自行限量使用胰岛素。
The American Journal of Public Health suggests health issues have led to two-thirds of bankruptcies in the U.S. Its report looked at a thousand cases between 2013 and 2016, and it found a majority of those who had trouble paying medical bills were middle-class Americans who had health insurance.
《美国公共卫生杂志》认为，在所有破产的美国家庭中，三分之二由医保问题造成。该报告研究了2013年至2016年期间的一千个病例，结果发现在支付医疗费方面遇到困难的大多数是拥有健康险的中产阶级美国人。
A Gallup report says between 2016 and 2018, seven million Americans lost their medical insurance and 21 percent under the age of 35 were uninsured. Health care, or the lack of it, has become a key factor that divides the rich and the poor.
更不用提那些没买健康险的人了。一份盖洛普（Gallup）报告显示，2016年至2018年期间，有700万美国人失去了医疗保险。35岁以下的人中有21％没有投保。看病难、看病贵已成为拉大贫富差距的关键因素。
The U.S. Census Bureau says the income gap is at its largest in 50 years. It's measured through the Gini index, with zero representing total equality and 1 representing total inequality.
美国人口普查局表示，收入差距已达到50年来的最高水平。收入分配的主要衡量指标为基尼系数，0代表完全平等，1代表完全不平等。
In 1967, the Gini index was 0.397. In 2018, it climbed to 0.485. By comparison, no European nation had a score greater than 0.38.
1967年，美国基尼系数为0.397。到2018年，它攀升至0.485。相比之下，欧洲国家的基尼系数均不高于0.38。
In 2018, the top 10 percent of U.S. households controlled 70 percent of all wealth, up from 60 percent in 1989. Meanwhile the share controlled by the top one percent of wealthy Americans went from about one-fifth to nearly one-third.
2018年，美国收入前10％的家庭控制着全社会70％的财富，相比1989年的60％有所上升，而美国收入前1％的富裕家庭所控制的社会财富比例从大约五分之一上升至约三分之一。
Those at the bottom half of the wealth distribution saw virtually no increase in their nominal net worth over the last 30 years, while their total share of national wealth dropped, from four percent to just one percent.
在过去的30年中，处于收入分配最底层的人的名义净资产几乎没有增加，该群体占社会总财富的比例从4％下降至仅1％
While half a million homeless people are without a roof above their heads every night and four in five working class Americans are living from paycheck to paycheck, a potentially record-setting amount of money is being poured into the 2020 presidential election campaigns by wealthy donors and powerful political forces.
就在此时，富有的捐助者和强大的政治团体正在向2020年总统大选提供大量政治献金，总金额可能再创历史新高。相比之下，每天都有50万无家可归的人露宿街头，五分之四的美国工薪阶层人口基本是“月光族”。