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“感染新冠,恕不负责”:特朗普重启竞选集会,参与者须签“免责声明”

CGTN 2020-08-24
2020年6月11日,民众在纽约特朗普大厦前举行反对警察暴力执法和反种族歧视的抗议示威活动。/图源:路透社

非裔男子弗洛伊德之死引发的全美抗议示威活动仍在持续发酵。

美国新冠肺炎疫情形势也未转好,“抗议”叠加“抗疫”,让一些卫生专家担忧本就严峻的疫情形势可能会“雪上加霜”。
 
金融时报报道称卫生专家担心美国抗议示威活动将导致疫情蔓延,确诊病例激增。/截图:金融时报

约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的数据显示,目前美国新冠肺炎确诊病例超过200万例,死亡病例超过11万例。

疫情未得到完全控制,总统大选的活动却正在“重启”。

特朗普塔尔萨竞选集会网站截图

美国总统特朗普的竞选团队6月10日宣布,特朗普下周将会出席在俄克拉荷马州塔尔萨市举办的大型竞选集会。这是特朗普自3月2日以来,首次恢复因疫情中断的大型竞选集会。

在特朗普团队发出的活动注册信息中,参会民众被要求注册时必须同意一项免责声明:如果在竞选活动期间因聚集感染新冠病毒,不能起诉竞选团队。

 
特朗普塔尔萨竞选集会网站上的免责声明

注册页面中的声明写道:“点击下方注册,表示您已经知晓在公共场所参加聚集性活动存在感染新冠肺炎的风险。” 

声明还提到,只要参加集会,出席者和嘉宾“自愿承担任何感染新冠肺炎的风险”,并同意不会向竞选团队、举办场所或其他有关方面“以病症或受伤为由追责”。

U.S. President Donald Trump is set to resume his campaign rallies next week - but attendees have to agree not to hold his campaign liable if they get the coronavirus in the 19,000-seat arena.

An invitation for the June 19 event in Tulsa, Oklahoma asks people to register online for the event - and waive their rights to sue if they get sick.

By registering to attend, supporters "are acknowledging that an inherent risk of exposure to COVID-19 exists in any public place where people are present", the waiver states, adding that attendees and guests "voluntarily assume all risks related to exposure to COVID-19" and agree to not hold the Trump campaign, the venue or other organizers liable.

Trump's campaign officially announced plans on Wednesday for the president's first campaign rally since most of the country shut down to prevent the spread of the virus. He will appear at an indoor venue, the BOK Center, in Tulsa on July 19.

It has been more than three months since the president held his last rally on March 2.

The rally announcement comes as coronavirus cases are on the rise in some parts of the U.S.. Cases are still increasing in several states, even as others show a downward trend or are holding steady. 

Nationally, more than two million people have been infected by the virus and more than 112,000 have died, according to data from Johns Hopkins University.

法律专家:免责声明并不能保证“免于诉讼”

2020年2月28日,特朗普出席在南卡罗来纳查尔斯顿举行的竞选集会活动。/图源:法新社

虽然特朗普竞选团队要求集会参与者签署免责声明来避免陷入诉讼纠纷,但法律专家认为此举并无作用。

美国罗格斯大学法学教授大卫·诺尔(David Noll)表示,集会活动注册页面上的免责声明条款内容不够清晰、具体,因而不具有效力,不能保证“免于诉讼”。

The attempt by Trump's campaign to shield itself from lawsuits by people who become infected with COVID-19 at his first political rally in months is unlikely to hold up in court, legal experts said. 

A waiver on the Trump campaign's website absolving it from coronavirus-related lawsuits stemming from the event is "poorly lawyered" and would not be enforceable because it is not specific enough, said David Noll, a law professor at Rutgers University. 

"There are a lot of boxes you have to check in order to have an enforceable liability waiver, and the language they have added to their website is not enough," Noll said. 

最新进展:撞期 “六月节”,集会调整至20日

6月12日晚间,特朗普发推特宣布原计划6月19日举行的竞选集会将推迟至6月20日举行。

“我们之前计划在俄克拉何马州的塔尔萨重启MAGA(“Make America Great Again”)竞选集会。在6月19日举行这一活动。但不幸的是,这一天是‘六月节’假期。我们许多非裔美国朋友和支持者都建议,我们要考虑调整时间,以表示对这个节日的尊重,纪念这一重要时刻及其所代表的一切。因此,为了尊重他们的请求,我决定把我们的集会改到6月20日——星期六。已经有超过20万人请求参与竞选集会活动,期待和你们在俄克拉荷马相聚!”


2019年6月19日,美国费城民众参加“六月节”纪念活动.。/图源:Getty Image

6月19日是美国的“六月节”,又被称为“自由日”或“解放日”,为纪念美国废除奴隶制而设立。

1921年,塔尔萨事件中一些建筑物被焚毁。/资料图片:路透社、美国国会图书馆

而竞选集会举办地塔尔萨,在种族问题上也有一段沉重的历史:1921年,塔尔萨发生白人攻击非裔事件并引发大规模骚乱。当时有300多人被杀害,800多人受伤,超过35个街区被毁。塔尔萨事件也是美国历史上最严重的种族暴力事件之一。


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