抨击香港国安法 美国是否持双重标准？

Beijing's new national security law for Hong Kong has sparked controversy and fear among many in the West claiming that this is the end of liberty, free speech, and the autonomy of Hong Kong. 

中国政府刚刚通过的香港国安法在西方引发了争议和担忧。他们声称这意味着人身自由、言论自由和香港自治的终结。

Many Western politicians and commentators haven't read the full text of the new legislation, much less the Basic Law of Hong Kong or the Constitution of China. They reached their conclusion oftentimes by watching the news which, I am not sure if they realize, can be biased.

许多西方政客和评论人士根本没有通读这项新的法律，更不用说香港特区《基本法》或《中华人民共和国宪法》了。他们通常只是看看新闻便得出结论。但我不确定他们是否清楚，新闻可能是有偏见的。

For example, during the recent Black Lives Matter movement in the United States, when violent protestors and rioters burned down police buildings, vandalized stores and public facilities, the U.S. media said: "These people are not warriors, they are vampires. They melt in the light. When we show them we are not afraid, they go away."

举个例子，在美国的“黑人的命也是命”运动期间，对于那些放火焚烧警局、破坏店铺和公共设施的暴力抗议者和暴徒，美国媒体是这样评价的: 这些暴民不是勇士，他们是吸血鬼，见不得光。

Yet, during the protests in Hong Kong last year when violent rioters stormed government buildings, burned the national flag and vandalized stores and metro stations, the U.S. media called them："Pro-democracy protesters"

然而，对于去年香港抗议活动期间打砸政府大楼、焚烧国旗以及破坏店铺和地铁站的暴徒，美国媒体称他们为：“民主抗议者”。 

Many believe these double standards are fueling misconceptions about Beijing's new security law for Hong Kong.

许多人认为，正是这种双重标准催生了对于香港国安法的误解。

The law is not an all-encompassing legislation aimed at changing Hong Kong's political, economic and social systems. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Chief Executive Carrie Lam made it clear that the law is not targeting freedom of speech, press, and assembly in Hong Kong, but “an extremely small group of people” who committed national security-related offences, such as secession and terrorism, a crime punishable by law in any country. 

该法律并不是以改变香港政治、经济和社会体系为目的综合性法律。香港特区行政长官林郑月娥已经明确表示，该法并不针对香港的言论、新闻和集会自由，而只是针对“极少数”犯下危害国家安全罪行的人，比如分裂国家、组织实施恐怖活动等。这些行为在任何国家都是应当被法办的。

"Groups advocating Hong Kong independence and self-determination, incited protesters, very often radicalized young people to desecrate and burn the national flag, vandalized the national emblem, and stormed the central government's office in Hong Kong. While others campaigned for foreign governments to interfere in Hong Kong's affairs or even to impose sanctions on Hong Kong. No central government could turn a blind eye to such threat to sovereignty and national security," said Chief Executive of China's Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) Carrie Lam.

香港特区行政长官林郑月娥在讲话中指出：“鼓吹‘港独’、‘自决’的组织煽动示威者，很多时候是被激进化的青少年，公然污蔑和焚烧国旗、损毁国徽和冲击中央驻港机构……更有部分乞求外国政府干预香港事务，甚至对香港实施制裁。这些对主权和国家安全的威胁……任何中央政府都不能视而不见。”

Indeed, the national security law for Hong Kong basically says Hong Kong's autonomy is important, but Hong Kong is part of China and the "One Country" is the redline. Every country defends its national security, and law and order. Period. 

确实，香港国安法的基本思想是，香港自治至关重要，但香港是中国的一部分，“一国”底线不容触碰。每个国家都会捍卫自己的安全，法律和秩序。就这么简单。

Plus, there are a number of details in this law that Western politicians probably have missed.

另外，这项法律中有一些细节，西方政客很可能没有注意到。

According to Carrie Lam, "the legislation upholds important legal principles such as presumption of innocence and protection of the right of the suspect. It will have no retrospective effect. For those foreign governments or politicians raising objections to the legislation, one could only lament the double standards they are adopting. All those countries which have pointed fingers at China have their national security legislation in place. We could think of no valid reason why China alone should be inhibited from enacting national security legislation to protect every corner of its territory and all of its nationals."

林郑月娥指出：“立法体现了重要的法律原则，例如无罪推定和保护嫌疑人的权利，而且没有追溯力……对于那些敌视立法的外国政府或政客，他们那“双重标准”的取态着实令人失望。所有指控中国的国家本身均有就国家安全立法，我们看不到为什么只有中国不可以制定国家安全法律来保护自己的每一吋领土和每一个国民。”

And yet, the U.S. Senate has passed a bill placing sanctions on Chinese individuals and companies with the U.S. Commerce Department revoking Hong Kong's special status as a trading partner, on the ground that Beijing's national security law for Hong Kong undermines Hong Kong's autonomy and freedom.

此外，美国参议院通过了一项法案，对中国的个人和企业实施制裁。同时，美国商务部取消了香港作为其贸易伙伴所享有的特殊待遇, 理由是中央政府新出台的安全法破坏了香港的自治和自由。

But according to America's heritage foundation 2020 rankings, Hong Kong's economy is the second freest in the world. It was THE freest a few years ago until the often violent demonstrations last year disrupted business activities and deterred investors. 

但是，美国传统基金会2020年的排名显示，香港经济自由度居世界第二。就在几年前，香港还位居榜首，但去年时常伴随暴力的示威扰乱了这座城市的商业活动，使投资者望而却步。

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