观察家 | 北京冬奥会如何做到绿色环保？
I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn and here's what I'm watching: the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics, and China's claim that it will be the first modern Olympics to truly achieve carbon neutrality, and that it will set new standards in green technologies and environmental sustainability for international events of all kinds. Some Western media are skeptical, given that prior Winter Olympic pledges on renewable energy and smart technology both failed to materialize and failed to translate into real progress after the Olympics.
我是罗伯特•劳伦斯•库恩，以下是我正在关注的：2022年北京冬奥会和冬残奥会。中国说这将是第一届真正实现碳中和的现代奥运会，并表示本届奥运会将在绿色技术和环境可持续性方面为各类国际赛事设立新标准。一些西方媒体对此持怀疑态度，因为此前的冬奥会未能兑现关于可再生能源和智能技术的承诺，也未能在奥运会后取得实质性进展。
China is determined not to repeat these failures. In June 2019, China published the "Carbon Management Plan for the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games Beijing 2022," focusing on energy, construction, transportation, and carbon sinks. Leadership often uses major events as deadlines, and for the Beijing Winter Olympics, China's dual motivation is to guide the Chinese public to low-carbon practices and to spotlight China's commitment to achieve carbon peaks by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.
中国决心不再重蹈覆辙。2019年6月， 中国政府出台了《北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会低碳管理工作方案》，聚焦能源、建筑、 交通、以及碳汇。中国领导人经常将重大事件作为实现目标的节点。就北京冬奥会而言，中国计划双管齐下， 一方面引导中国民众拥抱低碳生活 ，另一方面彰显中国实现2030年碳达峰和2060年碳中和目标的决心。
All of the 26 Winter Olympic venues are powered with 100 percent renewable energy. For example, the Yanqing Mountain News Center has a photovoltaic power generation system; the Yanqing Winter Olympics Village uses high-voltage electrode boilers for heating; and, as a first in Winter Olympic history, ice-making will use carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, not ozone layer-harming freon, increasing ice-making efficiency by about 30 percent and cutting emissions to nearly zero. AI is used to save water.
26个冬奥会场馆全部采用100%绿色电能供应。例如， 延庆山地新闻中心建有光伏发电系统。延庆冬奥村采用高压电锅炉供暖作为冬奥会历史上的首创。在制冰过程中使用二氧化碳作为制冷剂，而不是对臭氧层有害的氟利昂，制冰能效提升约30%，碳排放接近零。同时，场馆使用人工智能技术来节约用水 。
For green construction, the roof weight of the National Speed Skating Hall is only 1/4 that of a traditional roof, reducing materials and associated energy. Moreover, all venues are covered fully by an urban, green, flexible, direct current grid, another Olympic first.
在绿色建筑方面，国家速滑馆屋面重量仅为传统屋顶的1/4，减少了材料使用和能耗。 此外，全部场馆均实现了城市绿色电网全覆盖。这是奥运历史上的另一个首创。
For green transportation at the Olympics, the proportion of new energy vehicles is the highest ever, accounting for 100 percent of passenger cars and 86 percent of all vehicles. (For green transportation in Beijing, the "135" green low-carbon travel initiative was launched — that is, walk within 1 km, ride a bicycle within 3 km, and take green low-carbon public transport within 5 km.)
在绿色出行方面，赛事服务用车的节能与清洁能源车辆占比创历届冬奥会之最。 节能与清洁能源车辆在小客车中占比100%，在全部车辆中占比86%。北京推出了“135”绿色低碳出行倡议 ，即1公里内步行，3公里内骑自行车，5公里内乘坐公共交通工具。
By optimizing and integrating multiple green technologies, Olympics venues are expected to consume about 400 million kWh of green electricity, which would cut 128,000 tons of standard coal combustion and 320,000 tons of carbon dioxide.
通过优化整合多项绿色技术，冬奥场馆预计使用约4亿千瓦时的绿色电力，可以减少燃烧12.8万吨的标准煤，减排二氧化碳32万吨。
The Beijing Winter Olympics is a test bed for new green technologies, such that this grand event can serve also as a pilot program for the kind of sustainable development that our planet needs to combat climate change.
北京冬奥会是新型绿色技术的试验田，这场体育盛会可作为全球应对气候变化所需的可持续发展的试点项目。
Making all this happen exemplifies how China's Party-led, strong-government system can set critical goals and focus on national resources in achieving them. There are other issues, of course, but sustainable development is an essential one. Green is the third of President Xi Jinping's five New Concepts of Development and he has a long history of promoting environmental protection and ecological civilization.
让这一切成为现实说明中国共产党领导的高效政府体系能够制定关键目标，并集中国家资源来实现这些目标。当然，在众多有待解决的问题中，可持续发展是相当重要的一环。坚持绿色发展，是习主席提出的五大新发展理念中的第三点。他一直在提倡和促进环境保护和生态文明建设。
The challenge for China is to translate the green technologies pioneered in the Beijing Winter Olympics into widely adopted, environmentally friendly, economically viable products and services. That would get the ultimate gold medal.
中国面临的挑战在于如何将北京冬奥会上率先使用的绿色技术转化为可广泛采用的、经济环保的产品和服务。这才是最终的胜利。
I'm keeping Watch. I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn.
我在持续观察。我是罗伯特•劳伦斯•库恩。