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【教育】
1. 职业教育法修订草案公开征求意见
Public Comments Requested on Vocational Education Law (Revised Draft)
【司法】
2. 最高法发布审理行政协议案件司法解释
SPC Releases Judicial Interpretation on Trial of Administrative Agreement Cases
3. 法释[2019]18号发布
Interpretation No. 18 [2019] of the SPC Released
【金融】
4. 证监会发布《证券期货经营机构管理人中管理人（MOM）产品指引（试行）》
Guidelines for MOM Products of Securities and Futures Business Institutions (for Trial Implementation) Issued
5. 银保监会修订发布外资保险公司管理条例实施细则
CBIRC Releases Detailed Rules for Implementation of the Regulation on Foreign-Funded Insurance Companies as Revised
【电网】
6. 关于《电网公平开放监管办法》公开征求意见
Public Comments Requested on Measures for Supervision and Administration of Fair Opening of Power Grids
Public Comments Requested on Vocational Education Law (Revised Draft)
2019年12月5日，教育部发布《中华人民共和国职业教育法修订草案（征求意见稿）》，征求意见截止日期为2020年1月5日。
On December 15, the Ministry of Education issued the Vocational Education Law (Revised Draft for Comments), and comments may be submitted until January 5, 2019.
征求意见稿对以下四项内容作了特别说明：（一）关于技工学校特别是技师学院的法律地位。目前，技工学校已纳入中等职业学校管理，此次修订根据《实施方案》，增加符合条件的技师学院经审批，可以设置为职业高等学校的表述。（二）关于是否保留初等职业学校教育。为保持义务教育的统一性，取消初等职业学校教育（实践中全国仅有职业初中15所，且已统计入义务教育学校，可以作为义务教育的特殊类型），删除了原法中关于初等职业学校教育的表述。（三）关于采用职业高等学校的概念。为落实类型教育的定位，用职业高等学校的概念替代高等职业学校概念。职业高等学校对应于普通高等学校，包括专科、本科层次。（四）关于职业教育等级。将职业教育分为初级、中级、高级三级，为将来推动职业教育体系对接国家资历框架奠定法律基础。
The Revised Draft gives a specific explanation of the following four issues: (1) Legal status of technical schools, especially technician colleges. At present, technical schools have been included in the management of secondary vocational schools. According to the Implementation Plan of National Vocational Education Reform, this revision adds the statement that eligible technician colleges may be set up as vocational colleges of higher learning upon approval. (2) Abolishment of the primary vocational school education. In order to maintain the unity of compulsory education, the primary vocational school education is cancelled. (Note: In practice, there are only 15 vocational middle schools in China, which have been counted in statistics of compulsory education schools as a special type of compulsory education.) Accordingly, the expression of primary vocational school education in the original law is deleted. (3) Adoption of the concept of vocational college of higher learning. The concept of higher vocational school is replaced by the concept of vocational college of higher learning for the purpose of implementing the orientation of type-based education. Vocational colleges of higher learning correspond to ordinary colleges and universities, including junior college and undergraduate levels. (4) Vocational education grades. Vocational education is divided into primary, intermediate, and senior, which will lay a legal foundation for advancing the synergy between the vocational education system and the national qualification framework in the future.
2. 最高法发布审理行政协议案件司法解释
SPC Releases Judicial Interpretation on Trial of Administrative Agreement Cases
2019年12月10日，最高人民法院发布《最高人民法院关于审理行政协议案件若干问题的规定》,自2020年1月1日起施行。
On December 10, 2019, the Supreme People’s Court (SPC) released the Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues concerning the Trial of Administrative Agreement Cases, effective from January 1, 2020.
解释主要规定了以下几个方面的内容：一、明确行政协议的定义和范围。明确矿业权出让协议等国有自然资源使用权出让协议、政府投资的保障性住房的租赁、买卖等协议、符合司法解释规定的政府与社会资本合作协议等属于行政协议。二、明确行政协议诉讼主体资格。规定了行政协议中的利害关系人的原告资格，不局限于民事合同的相对性原则。三、坚持全面管辖原则。行政协议诉讼既包括了行政机关行使行政优益权的行政行为诉讼，也包括了行政机关不依法履行、未按照约定履行协议义务的违约诉讼。四、坚持对行政机关行使优益权行为的合法性审查，确保行政机关“法无授权不可为”原则落实。五、明确了行政协议无效、效力待定、可撤销、解除的情形。规定人民法院可以适用民事法律规范确认行政协议无效。六、坚持行政协议充分赔偿原则。明确了行政协议的给付判决、违约责任、诉讼类型转换。七、规范行政协议案件的强制执行。基于行政协议诉讼“民告官”的定位，行政机关认为行政相对人不依法、不依约履行行政协议的，可以根据行政诉讼法和行政强制法的规定，向人民法院申请强制执行。
The Interpretation mainly includes the following contents: (1) Defining the concept and scope of the administrative agreement. Among others, the transfer agreements for such state-owned natural resources use rights as the mining right, the government-subsidized affordable housing lease, sale, or other agreements, and the PPP agreements concluded under the provisions of judicial interpretations are administrative agreements. (2) Explicating the qualified subjects of lawsuits involving administrative agreements. The interested party qualified as a plaintiff in the administrative agreement is not restricted to the principle of privity of civil contract. (3) Adhering to the principle of comprehensive jurisdiction. The administrative agreement litigation includes both the litigation against the administrative action of administrative agencies in exercising their administrative priority and beneficiary rights, and the litigation against the breach of agreement by administrative agencies for failing to perform their obligations according to the law or under the agreement. (4) Insisting on the legality review of the exercise of the administrative priority and beneficiary rights by administrative agencies. The legal review is designed to ensure the implementation of the principle that "no administrative action may be taken without being authorized by the law." (5) Clarifying the circumstances of nullity, validity to be determined, revocation, rescission of an administrative agreement. In particular, the people's court may apply civil legislation to confirm that the administrative agreement is invalid. (6) Adhering to the principle of full compensation for administrative agreements. The payment judgment, liability for breach of contract, and transformation of litigation types are stated. (7) Standardizing the enforcement of administrative agreement cases. Given the orientation of an administrative agreement litigation as a complaint lodged by a citizen, a legal person, or other organization against administrative agencies, where the administrative agency considers that the administrative counterpart does not perform the administrative agreement in accordance with the law or the agreement, it may apply to the people’s court for enforcement in accordance with the administrative litigation law and administrative compulsion law.
3. 法释[2019]18号发布
Interpretation No. 18 [2019] of the SPC Released
近日，最高人民法院、最高人民检察院联合发布《关于人民检察院提起刑事附带民事公益诉讼应否履行诉前公告程序问题的批复》，自2019年12月6日起实施。
Lately, the Supreme People’s Court (SPC) and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate (SPP) jointly issued the Official Reply on Whether the Pre-litigation Public Announcement Procedures Should be Performed for a Civil Public Interest Litigation Incidental to Criminal Proceedings Filed by a People's Procuratorate, effective from December 6, 2019.
批复针对部分高级人民法院、省级人民检察院的请示明确规定，“人民检察院提起刑事附带民事公益诉讼，应履行诉前公告程序。对于未履行诉前公告程序的，人民法院应当进行释明，告知人民检察院公告后再行提起诉讼。” 因人民检察院履行诉前公告程序，可能影响相关刑事案件审理期限的，人民检察院可以另行提起民事公益诉讼。
At the request of some higher people’s courts and provincial people’s procuratorates for instruction, the Official Reply reads: “A people's procuratorate shall perform the pre-litigation public announcement procedures for a civil public interest litigation incidental to criminal proceedings it files. If it fails to perform the pre-litigation public announcement procedures, the people's court shall offer interpretation and notify the people's procuratorate of making an announcement first and then filing a lawsuit. Where the performance of the pre-litigation announcement procedures by the people's procuratorate may affect the time limit for trying the relevant criminal case, the people's procuratorate may bring a civil public interest lawsuit separately.
4. 证监会发布《证券期货经营机构管理人中管理人（MOM）产品指引（试行）》
Guidelines for MOM Products of Securities and Futures Business Institutions (for Trial Implementation) Issued
2019年12月06日，证监会发布《证券期货经营机构管理人中管理人（MOM）产品指引（试行）》，自发布之日起施行。
On December 6, 2019, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) issued the Guidelines for Manager of Managers (MOM) Products of Securities and Futures Business Institutions (for Trial Implementation), effective from the date of issuance.
《指引》主要做出如下安排：一是明确产品定义及运作模式，MOM产品应当同时符合以下两方面特征：1、部分或全部资产委托给两个或两个以上符合条件的投资顾问提供投资建议服务；2、资产划分成两个或两个以上资产单元，每一个资产单元单独开立证券期货账户。二是界定参与主体职责，管理人履行法定管理人的受托管理职责，投资顾问依法提供投资建议等服务。三是管理人及投资顾问应具备相应的胜任能力。四是规范产品投资运作，要求管理人建立健全投资顾问管理制度，加强信息披露。五是加强利益冲突防范及风险管控，要求管理人与投资顾问强化关联交易、公平交易、非公开信息等管控。
According to the Guidelines, the first is to clarify the definition and operation mode of the MOM products, which should meet the following two characteristics: two or more qualified investment consultants are entrusted to provide investment advice on part or all of assets; and assets are divided into two or more asset units and a separate securities and futures account is opened for each asset unit. The second is to define the responsibilities of participants. To be specific, managers should perform their fiduciary duties as legal managers, while investment consultants should offer investment advice and other services by legal means. The third is to require managers and investment consultants have corresponding competence. The fourth is to regulate the investment operation of products by requiring managers to establish and improve the investment consulting management system and strengthen information disclosure. The fifth is to enhance the prevention of conflicts of interest as well as the risk management and control. Managers and investment consultants are required to tighten the management and control of related-party transactions, fair transactions, and non-public information.
5. 银保监会修订发布外资保险公司管理条例实施细则
CBIRC Releases Detailed Rules for Implementation of the Regulation on Foreign-Funded Insurance Companies as Revised
近日，银保监会修订发布《中华人民共和国外资保险公司管理条例实施细则》，为保险业对外开放提供更好的法治保障。
Lately, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission (CBIRC) issued the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Regulation of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Foreign-Funded Insurance Companies as revised, in order to provide better legal safeguards for opening up of the insurance sector.
修订后的《实施细则》进一步落实保险业最新开放举措要求，放宽外资人身险公司外方股比限制，将外资人身险公司外方股比放宽至51%，并为2020年适时全面取消外方股比限制预留制度空间。根据《国务院关于修改<中华人民共和国外资保险公司管理条例>和<中华人民共和国外资银行管理条例>的决定》，《实施细则》放宽外资保险公司准入条件，不再对“经营年限30年”“代表机构”等相关事项作出规定。为规范外资保险公司股权管理，修改后的《实施细则》要求外资保险公司至少有1家经营正常的保险公司作为主要股东，进一步明确主要股东的责任和义务，保障外资保险公司持续健康运行。在统一中外资监管制度方面，《实施细则》删除了关于外资保险公司分支机构管理等相关条款，外资保险公司在分支机构的设立和管理方面与中资保险公司同等适用《保险公司分支机构市场准入管理办法》等相关规定，设立合资保险公司的中国申请人的资格条件统一适用《保险公司股权管理办法》，确保相关监管规定的协调统一。
These revised Rules further implement the latest opening-up requirements for the insurance sector by loosening the restriction on the foreign shareholding ratio in a foreign-funded personal insurance company and raising the ratio to 51%, which reserves a legal space for the complete cancellation of the restriction on the foreign stake in due course in 2020. Pursuant to the Decision of the State Council to Amend the Regulation of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Foreign-Funded Insurance Companies and the Regulation of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Foreign-Funded Banks, these Rules relax the access conditions for a foreign-funded insurance company, instead of restrictions placed on such matters as “it has engaged in the insurance business for 30 years or more” and “it has been two years or more since the formation of its representative office within China.” In order to regulate the equity management of foreign-funded insurance companies, these revised Rules require them to have at least one insurance company in normal operation as the principal shareholders, and further clarify the responsibilities and obligations of principal shareholders to ensure sustainable and sound operation of the foreign-funded insurance companies. In terms of unifying the regulatory rules for Chinese-funded and foreign-funded companies, these Rules delete relevant provisions on the management of branch offices of foreign-funded insurance companies, and in this regard, the Administrative Measures for the Market Access of Branch Offices of Insurance Companies are equally applicable to both companies; and the qualification requirements of Chinese applicants to establish equity joint venture insurance companies are subject to the Measures for the Administration of the Equities of Insurance Companies so as to ensure the coordination and unification of relevant regulatory provisions.
6. 关于《电网公平开放监管办法》公开征求意见
Public Comments Requested on Measures for Supervision and Administration of Fair Opening of Power Grids
2019年12月6日，国家能源局发布了《电网公平开放监管办法（征求意见稿）》，并向社会公开征求意见，意见反馈截止时间为2020年1月5日。
On December 6, 2019, the National Energy Administration (NEA) issued the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Fair Opening of Power Grids (Exposure Draft), and comments may be submitted until January 5, 2020.
征求意见稿指出，电源接入电网及电网互联应遵循安全可靠、统筹规划、公平服务、程序规范的原则。国家能源局负责全国电网公平开放监管和行政执法工作，电网公平开放监管依法进行，并遵循公开、公正和效率的原则。
As specified in the Measures, the principles of safety and reliability, overall planning, fair service, and standardized procedures should be followed for grid access for power supply and interconnection of power grids. The NEA is responsible for the supervision and administration as well as agency law enforcement of fair opening of national power grids, which should be carried out according to the law, and in compliance with the principles of openness, justness, and efficiency.
《监管办法》主要包括：一、电源接入电网。电网企业应公平无歧视为电源项目提供电网接入服务，建立新建（包括扩建、改建）电源项目接入电网工作制度。二、电网互联。电网企业应公平无歧视提供电网互联服务。三、信息公开。电网企业应公开电源接入制度和电网互联制度。四、监管措施。电网企业应每季度向国家能源局及其派出机构报送电网公平开放情况，包括各类电源接入、电网互联、信息公开等情况。五、法律责任。对违反本办法的，电网企业最高可处100万元罚款，电力企业最高可处50万元罚款。
The Measures regulate five aspects as below: (1) Grid access for power supply: Power grid enterprises should provide access to power grids for power supply projects equally and without discrimination, and establish a work system for connecting the new power supply projects (including expansion and reconstruction) to power grids. (2) Interconnection of power grids: Power grid enterprises should provide power grid interconnection services in a fair and non-discriminatory manner. (3) Information disclosure: Power grid enterprises should disclose the relevant rules for grid access for power supply and power grid interconnection. (4) Regulatory Measures: Power grid enterprises should report such information on the fair opening of power grids as various power access, power grid interconnection and information disclosure to the NEA and its local offices on a quarterly basis. (5) Legal liability: In the case of violation of the Measures, power grid enterprises will be fined up to one million yuan, and power enterprises will be fined 500,000 yuan at the most.
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