英语来稿 | 听人Alec看美剧《聋人大学》有感
世界上能够识读手语的人还是少数,因此聋人的表达机会很少,也较少被认识。守语者公众号开辟专栏,开放给所有人,只要你愿意说说自己身边和聋人有关的故事,可以用手语、书面语或任何形式来表达,欢迎来稿。
守语者注:《聋人大学(Dea U)》 是收录在网飞(Netflix)平台的原创作品。中译名称在互联网上可见有“失聪大学”或“无声大学”,守语者认为应译为“聋人大学”。此非本文重点,读者观看视频时请自行留意中文字幕可能有不恰当之处。
作者介绍:Alec,听人,英语教师。平时喜欢看电影,听音乐和读书。现居欧洲。他的伴侣是一名残障权利研究者。
(附Alec的网站:http://www.englishwithalec.com/)
作 者 \ Alec
译 者 \ 诗 欣
校 对 \ 北 北
编 辑 \ 另 翎
编 审 \ 顽 真
译文
观《聋人大学》有感
Netflix最近上线了一出关于聋人学生在位于美国华盛顿特区的加劳德特大学上学的电视剧《聋人大学》。我从未接触过聋人,所以我对于聋人和聋人社群的了解是非常有限的。
在我有限的认识里面,我预期这个电视剧是一个关于聋人的纪录片。然而,这个系列其实是一个真人秀。对于很多人来说,这可能会是一个很大的问题。
从积极的方面来说,起码这个电视剧并不是呈现一种保护性的视角。我现在了解到了聋人社群有多么的微妙。作为少数社群的聋人,Ta们的语言、身份、和文化都应该被认真看待。
有些学生完全听不到,有一些用助听器,有一些有人工耳蜗。有些学生习惯一边说话一边打手语;有些打手语时完全避免使用口语。
在加劳德特大学,这些不同最终形成了等级阶层。你可以看到那些世世代代都是聋人的家庭被当做是“精英”,他们是最受尊重和最受欢迎的。相反,那些在听人社群里面成长的人看起来就没有那么受欢迎。
对于Cheyenna来说,这使得她陷入了两难的状况:要么她就是太聋了,要么就是不够聋。我从来都不知道会有这么一个问题。Cheyenna和她最好的朋友发生过一个非常有趣的交流,她的朋友给她解释保护聋人文化和身份的价值。尽管这样,欺凌还是欺凌。在剧里有好几次,这些聋人文化的核心观念都被某些社群精英用来为自己欺凌和排斥他人的行为辩护。
《聋人大学》还让我了解到语言的魅力。不同的语言并不仅仅是用不同的方式来说同一句话。每一种语言都有自己的文化和独特的世界观。手语也不例外。比如说,《聋人大学》里面的学生讨论到他们是怎么样用自己的特点来给每个人起手语名的。当有一个新的总统时,学生们也会为Ta改一个新的手语名。我非常想知道我的手语名会是什么呢!
剧里面也还有很多同样让人大开眼界的时刻。比如说,Renate表演诗歌,Cheyenna翻译一个本地音乐家的歌词。这都是对于手语的创造性运用,我希望在未来几季继续看到这样的内容。
其他学生也是同样的吸引人,虽然第一季的内容主要还是介绍他们每一个人。其中一些学生比其他人获得了更多的关注,不知道是好事还是坏事。
虽然无数的电影和电视剧可能会让你产生误会,但是其实大学生活除了参加派对、献殷勤、忘记掉重要的死线还有更多的内容。很可惜,《聋人大学》不但没有挑战这样的刻板印象,还继续加强这样的刻板印象,用约会的发展来引领着剧情的高低走向。
我感到非常的失望。这个电视剧的初衷非常简单,但是确是充满希望和可能性的。比如说,聋人大学里面的课堂是怎么样的呢?学生的梦想和志向是什么?Ta们想要看到社会发生什么改变?Ta们对于科技在聋人社群里面的作用有什么看法?看完了第一季之后,我并没有对这些问题有更多的了解。
当然了,剧里面也不是没有一些含义深刻、让人大开脑洞的瞬间。但是《聋人大学》没有扩展这些瞬间,而是用学生们尴尬地互相调情的场景来取代了它们。我不是想要争论这个。毕竟,我在大学里面也花了三年时间尴尬地调情(至少是尝试撩别人)。我只是觉得这个剧浪费了很多可能性。就像是剧中父母总是说的那句话:“我没有生气,我只是很失望。”
原文
Review of Deaf U
Netflix recently released Deaf U, a show about deaf students attending Gallaudet University in Washington D.C. I’ve never known any deaf people, so my understanding of them and their community is limited.
In my naivety, I expected the show to be a docu-series about being deaf. Instead, it’s essentially a reality show. For some, this will be a major issue.
To give it credit, though, It’s not patronising in the slightest. I now realise just how nuanced the deaf community is. With deaf people being in the minority, their language, identity, and culture are taken very seriously.
Some of the students can’t hear at all, some have hearing aids, and some have cochlear implants. Some students seem to talk while signing, whereas others avoid that entirely.
At Gallaudet, this subsequently results in a hierarchy. You have the ‘elites’, who have generations of deaf people in their family. They are the most respected and popular. By contrast, those who were raised in hearing communities seem to be less favourable.
For Cheyenna, this created an issue of either feeling too deaf or not deaf enough. It hadn’t occurred to me that that could have been an issue. An interesting exchange happens between Cheyenna and her best friend in which he sympathetically explains the value of preserving their culture and identity. With that being said, bullying is bullying. It’s implied on multiple occasions that this core value is used by some of the elites to justify passive aggression and an in-group/out-group dynamic.
Deaf U also made me appreciate how fascinating languages are. They aren’t just different ways of saying the same thing. Each language has its own culture and unique perspective. Sign-language is no different. For instance, the students in Deaf U discussed how they have nicknames for one another that express their unique qualities. Whenever there’s a new president, they create a nickname for them too. I’m curious to know what mine would be!
There are a few similarly delightful moments throughout the series. For instance, Renate performing poetry, and Cheyenna interpreting the lyrics of a local musician. It’s this creative application of sign-language that I would love to see more of in future seasons.
The other students are equally as engaging, although this first season essentially served to introduce them all. Some, for better or worse, also received more of a spotlight than others.
Despite what countless movies and TV shows would have you believe, there’s more to university than partying, flings, and forgetting important deadlines. Sadly though, Deaf U doesn’t challenge this stereotype. It instead reinforces it by cataloging the dating-highs and lows of its cast.
I couldn’t help but feel disappointed. The premise of the show was simple, yet rich with possibilities. For instance, what are the lectures like at a deaf university? What are the students’ dreams and ambitions? What changes would they like to see in society? How do they feel about the role of technology within the deaf community? After watching the first season, I am none the wiser.
There are insightful and thought-provoking moments here and there. But instead of being expanded on, they’re undermined by scenes of students awkwardly flirting with one another. This isn’t something I take issue with in and of itself. After all, I spent three years at university awkwardly flirting (Or at least, trying to). I just think it’s a wasted opportunity. It’s like the parent who says, “I’m not mad, I’m just disappointed”.
■ 编后语
不知道大家可有看过《聋人大学》?B站那里有中文字幕哦。欢迎留言板分享短评~如果有观后感文章,也欢迎来稿哦~
至于为什么下方还有Nyle的动图和简介,因为Nyle是《聋人大学》的监制之一哦~
Nyle动图译文:我希望改变世界对聋的看法
向上滑动阅览Nyle DiMarco个人简介
Nyle DiMarco
是一位美国的模特、演员、和聋人活动家。
2015年,
他在第22季CW真人秀电视连续剧
《美国超模大赛》获得总冠军,
成为该项比赛第二位男性冠军
和第一位聋人冠军。
Nyle DiMarco是聋人,
使用美国手语。
他也是著名的聋人学府加劳德特大学
(Gallaudet University)的毕业生。
作为一名聋人活动家,
他创立了Nyle DiMarco基金会,
为聋童的语言平等与习得发声,
倡导聋人社群的语言权。
他坚定地相信,
聋是一种天赋,
而不是限制。
而他本人也是最好的例子。
他友好、亲切,能够轻松的交流。
守语者曰
这里是守语者,我们致力于拉近聋听的距离。第一步是让大众发现聋人的双语能力:(自然)手语以及(汉语)书面语,体会这个世界的语言文化多样性,最终你会发现无论聋听都可以是手语者。
往期 · 推荐
点击 阅读原文 了解守语者历史文章汇总