为什么你要多看外刊？高考英语阅读真题竟然这么出...
高考结束啦。你还记得去年的此刻吗？LR在这里心疼全国I卷的考生，高考英语阅读又选自《经济学人》了。
今年，按照惯例，LR还是找出了目前已经公布高考英语真题卷子，查了查阅读和完型的题源。虽然，今年全国I、II、III卷的题源没有从经济学人里出了，但基本上也都是一些比较主流的外刊，比如：CNN、NPR（美国国家公共广播电台）、The New York Times（纽约时报）、The Christian Science Monitor（基督教科学箴言报）、Newsweek等等。
今天，我们就来好好解析下全国I卷中阅读D篇文章的真题，原文改编自2017年纽约时报（The New York Times）一篇题为「Be Nice — You Won't Finish Last」的文章，我们看看非常良心的出题老师都是怎么把各种高级词汇表达换成通俗易懂的语言的。纽约时报外刊原文为440词左右，真题原文则缩减为约345词。
下面进入正题。
外刊原文：
真题原文：
对比
1. my inclination to share my dolls and my knack with knock-knock jokes were enough to elevate my social status. 句型改为从句：I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.
其中inclination表示“意向；倾向”（a feeling that makes you want to do something），举个🌰：
My natural inclination was to say no.
我生性爱说“不”。
knack有两个含义，一个是“（天生的或学会的）技能，本领”（a special skill or ability that you have naturally or can learn），举个🌰：
He's got a real knack for making money.
他有赚钱的真本领。
另一个含义是“习惯；癖好”（a habit of doing sth），举个🌰：
He has a knack of saying the wrong thing.
他总爱说一些不合时宜的话。
在真题中，将这两个表达都处理成了更通俗明了的动词：enjoy.
2. 直接省略了jokes前的knock-knock，什么是knock-knock jokes？据维基百科介绍：The knock-knock joke is a question-and-answer joke, typically ending with a pun. 敲门笑话，是一种英语笑话。以双关语作为笑点，通常都是由两人对答而组成，一般在小孩子间玩的。
3. elevate my social status 改成了 keep my high social status；其中elevate表示“提拔，晋升，提升”（to give sb/sth a higher position or rank, often more important than they deserve）举个🌰：
He elevated many of his friends to powerful positions within the government.
他将许多朋友都提拔到政府部门的要职上。
4. the belle of the playground 改成了 the queen of the playground；其中belle表示“（某活动或某场合的）美女，美人，佳丽”（a beautiful girl or woman）。
5. amiable 换成了 friendly；amiable同样表示“和蔼可亲的，友善的，亲切的”(friendly and easy to like）。
6. puffing cigarettes 换成了 smoking cigarettes. 吸烟、抽烟相关的表达，我们在上个月BBC报道「王源抽烟」一文中就学到了puff这个词。
puff /pʌf/ 表示“抽 (香烟、雪茄、烟斗等)”，英文解释为“If someone puffs on or at a cigarette, cigar, or pipe, they smoke it.”举个🌰：
He lit a cigar and puffed on it twice.
他点上一支雪茄，抽了两口。
此外，puff还有“喘粗气”的意思，英文解释为“If you are puffing, you are breathing loudly and quickly with your mouth open because you are out of breath after a lot of physical effort.”举个🌰：
He caught up with Tom, puffing for breath.
他赶上了汤姆，累得直喘粗气。
7. breaking curfew改成了breaking rules；curfew一词我们在4月份关于斯里兰卡爆炸案一文中就提到了：A dusk-to-dawn curfew remains in effect in Colombo. 首都科伦破黄昏到黎明的彻夜宵禁仍在实施当中。
curfew可以表示“宵禁；宵禁时间”，英文解释为“a law that forces people to stay indoors after a particular time at night, or the time people must be indoors ”举个🌰：
The government imposed a night-time curfew throughout the country.
政府在全国实施宵禁。
也可以指“熄灯令；父母规定的儿童晚上必须回家/睡觉的时间”（Curfew or a curfew is the time after which a child or student will be punished if they are found outside their home or dormitory；the time, decided by a parent, by which a child must be home or asleep in the evening）
8. pulling pranks on unsuspecting nerds改成了playing jokes on others；其中prank作名词表示“胡闹，玩笑，恶作剧”（a trick that is intended to be funny but not to cause harm or damage）举个🌰：
When I was at school we were always playing pranks on our teachers.
我读书时我们总是搞恶作剧捉弄老师。
pull此处则有“使出（诡计）；犯下（罪行）”的含义（to succeed in doing something illegal or dishonest or in playing a trick on someone），可以说pull a stunt/trick/joke 耍花招，使诡计，举个🌰：
Don't you ever pull a stunt like that again!
别再耍那样的花招了！
这里可以积累类似的表达：pull a stunt/trick/joke；play pranks/jokes。
外刊原文：
真题原文：
对比
1. 真题原文直奔主题，删去了外刊中对北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校心理学教授Mitch Prinstein的背景、新书「Popular: The Power of Likability in a Status-Obsessed World」及慕课的介绍部分。
2. cement schoolyard friendships的动词改成了strengthen；cement作名词表示“水泥”（a grey powder made from lime and clay that becomes hard when it is mixed with water and allowed to dry, and that is used in building），此处作动词则为“加强，巩固（关系）”的意思（to make a relationship between people, countries, or organizations firm and strong）。
3. cultivate改成了tap；其中cultivate为“培养，培育；养成；陶冶；改进”的意思（to try to develop and improve something）；tap则有“开发；开辟；着手利用；发掘”的含义（to get or make use of something），举个🌰：
There is a rich vein of literary talent here just waiting to be tapped by publishers.
众多文学才俊会聚于此，等待着出版商慧眼识珠。
4. in business and even romance改成了in life and work，出题老师您什么意思哈哈哈。
5. 动词emerge改成appear；显然，emerge的英文解释里就有appear这词，to appear or come out from somewhere 表示“出现，浮现”。
6. notorious behavior换成dishonorable behaviour；notorious在外刊中也是很常见的一个词，表示“臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的”famous or well-known for something bad）；此处改成了dishonorable，不名誉的；不光彩的；可耻的(not deserving respect; immoral or unacceptable），可以用来替换。
外刊原文：
真题原文：
对比
1. 这一段基本变化不大，把negative consequences换成了unpleasant consequences，更简单的词汇，让学生更容易理解。
2. 删去了最后一句中的举例，like smoking cigarettes and using drugs. 此外，真题中也在engage后标注了“从事”的中文含义。
外刊原文：
真题原文：
对比
1. 把句型 It was a nice demonstration that ... 换成了 It clearly showed that ...；
外刊原文：
真题原文：
对比
此段没有任何变化。
外刊原文：
真题原文：
对比
1. 外刊原文Not only does likability correlate to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible, he said, for those outcomes, too. 换成了 Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. 实际上只是将correlate to 换成了 be related to；
外刊原文：
⑧The findings were music to my nerdy ears: Those halcyon early days of popularity really did matter.
⑨The meek - or rather, the genuinely nice - shall inherit the earth after all.
对比
1. 真题中，没有最后两段内容。
2. be music to sb's ears表示“（对某人）是悦耳的声音，是佳音；是中听的话；听起来顺耳”，英文解释为“to be something that you are very pleased to hear”举个🌰：
The sound of her key in the lock was music to my ears.
她的钥匙转动门锁的声音对我来说就是悦耳的音乐。
3. halcyon表示“平安幸福的”（peaceful and happy），halcyon days即“美好的往昔”（a time in the past when you were very happy）。
最后，大学生党，考研党，工作党们，试着做一做这篇高考真题阅读题目，看看你还能全对吗？
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