六成大学生认为毕业10年内会年入百万
近日，@中国青年报 面向全国各地大学生发起关于就业的一份调查引发热议。2700份问卷调查结果显示：67.65%大学生评估自己毕业10年内会年入百万。
七成00后大学生不想谈恋爱只想搞事业，其中26.29%受访者表示无心恋爱只想搞事业，42.64%认为恋爱要给工作时间让路。
你被「代表」了吗？
借（cèng）此（gè）机（rè）会（diǎn），如果只有一百万，退休后的生活够花吗？
无注释原文：
Can You Retire on $1 Million? Here's How Far It Will Go
USNEWS
Becoming a millionaire seems like a surefire way to live comfortably. However, if you are no longer working, just how long will a million dollars last in retirement?
The answer is about 20 years, according to Brent Lipschultz, partner with accounting and advisory firm EisnerAmper in New York City. To come to that conclusion, Lipschultz used data from the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics, which shows those age 65 and older have average annual expenses of approximately $50,000. He also assumed inflation would be 2.9%, investments would earn 4% each year and a person's state and federal tax rates would be 30% combined.
"A million dollars seems like a lot, but in today's world, it's not a lot of money," Lipschultz notes. He calculates a retiree needs to save an additional $765,000 to fully fund a 35-year retirement.
However, these are average figures, and your personal situation may be different. Factors such as housing and health care will impact your budget and determine whether $1 million is the right savings goal for your needs. Keep reading to learn more about how to answer the question: Can you retire on a million dollars?
Is $1 Million Enough to Retire? Factors to Consider
How long will a million dollars last in retirement depends on the following factors:
Geography: Costs can differ dramatically throughout the country, and where you live could determine whether you can successfully retire with $1 million. The financial technology company SmartAsset found retirees in New York City would deplete $1 million in 10.21 years, while the cash would last 32.26 years in McAllen, Texas.
Longevity: While no one knows exactly how long they will live, people can make an educated guess based on their health and family history. Those who might live well into their 80s, 90s and beyond may find $1 million isn't enough.
Lifestyle: Retirees need to make smart spending choices, and those who choose an expensive lifestyle will need more cash in their nest egg. "I've got clients with $10 million who spend like crazy and probably aren't going to make it 25 years," says Brian Walsh, a financial planner with Walsh & Nicholson Financial Group in Wayne, Pennsylvania.
Health care: The 2021 Fidelity Retiree Health Care Cost Estimate found an average couple retiring this year can expect to spend $300,000 on health care costs in retirement. Healthy seniors may have lower expenses and find that helps their retirement savings last longer.
Retirement income: Most people won't be living exclusively off their savings in retirement. Even those who don't receive a pension can expect Social Security income. Those payments will reduce the amount withdrawn from retirement accounts.
Investment risk: Retirees also need to take a close look at their portfolio if they want to know the answer of how long will $1 million last in retirement. "Market instability can take a bite out of assets," says Rafael Rubio, president of Stable Retirement Planners in Southfield, Michigan. Investing aggressively puts money at risk for losses, but being too conservative can mean savings don't grow enough to offset inflation and withdrawals.
Inflation: While inflation has been near zero in recent years, there is no guarantee of that continuing. A rising inflation rate will erode the purchasing power of money and result in retirees burning through their savings faster more quickly.
All these factors make it difficult to create a universal rule of thumb for retirement savings. While some people may be able to live comfortably in retirement on less than $1 million, others will need significantly more.
- ◆ -
注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应
含注释全文：
Can You Retire on $1 Million? Here's How Far It Will Go
USNEWS
Becoming a millionaire seems like a surefire way to live comfortably. However, if you are no longer working, just how long will a million dollars last in retirement?
成为百万富翁似乎是过上舒适生活的可靠途径。然而，如果你不再工作，一百万美元在退休后能维持多久呢？
surefire
表示“肯定的，可能的；（尤指）肯定（或可能）会成功的”，英文解释为“certain or likely, especially to succeed”举个🌰：
The film looks a surefire Oscar winner.
看来这部电影一定会得奥斯卡奖。
The answer is about 20 years, according to Brent Lipschultz, partner with accounting and advisory firm EisnerAmper in New York City. To come to that conclusion, Lipschultz used data from the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics, which shows those age 65 and older have average annual expenses of approximately $50,000. He also assumed inflation would be 2.9%, investments would earn 4% each year and a person's state and federal tax rates would be 30% combined.
纽约会计和咨询公司EisnerAmper的合伙人布伦特·利普舒茨（Brent Lipschultz）说，答案是20年左右。为了得出这个结论，利普舒茨使用了联邦劳工统计局（Bureau of Labor Statistics）的数据，该数据显示65岁以上的人每年的平均支出约为5万美元。他还假设通货膨胀率为2.9%，投资每年的收益为4%，个人的州和联邦税率合计为30%。
assume
1）表示“假定；假设；认为”，英文解释为“to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it”举个🌰：
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。
2）表示“承担，担任；僭取，夺取；呈现，具有”，英文解释为“to take or begin to have responsibility or control, sometimes without the right to do so, or to begin to have a characteristic”举个🌰：
The new president assumes office at midnight tonight.
新总统在今晚午夜就职。
inflation
表示“通货膨胀”，英文解释为“a general, continuous increase in prices”如：high/low inflation 高/低通货膨胀。
"A million dollars seems like a lot, but in today's world, it's not a lot of money," Lipschultz notes. He calculates a retiree needs to save an additional $765,000 to fully fund a 35-year retirement.
“一百万美元看起来很多，但在今天的世界里，这并不是很多钱，”利普斯库兹指出。他计算出退休人员需要额外储蓄765,000美元才能为35年的退休生活提供充足的资金。
However, these are average figures, and your personal situation may be different. Factors such as housing and health care will impact your budget and determine whether $1 million is the right savings goal for your needs. Keep reading to learn more about how to answer the question: Can you retire on a million dollars?
然而，这些是平均数字，你的个人情况可能有所不同。住房和医疗保健等因素将影响你的预算，并决定100万美元是否是满足你需求的正确储蓄目标。继续阅读以了解更多关于如何回答这个问题的信息：一百万美元够你的退休生活吗？
Is $1 Million Enough to Retire? Factors to Consider 100万美元足够退休吗？需要考虑的因素
How long will a million dollars last in retirement depends on the following factors:
一百万美元在退休后能维持多久，取决于以下因素：
Geography: Costs can differ dramatically throughout the country, and where you live could determine whether you can successfully retire with $1 million. The financial technology company SmartAsset found retirees in New York City would deplete $1 million in 10.21 years, while the cash would last 32.26 years in McAllen, Texas.
地理环境：全国各地的成本可能有很大的不同，你住的地方可能决定你是否能成功地靠100万美元过好退休生活。金融技术公司SmartAsset发现，纽约市的退休人员将在10.21年内花光100万美元，而在德克萨斯州的麦卡伦（McAllen），这些钱将够花32.26年。
geography
表示“地理环境”，英文解释为“the way in which a particular aspect of life or society is influenced by geography or varies according to geography”举个🌰：
The geography of poverty and the geography of voting are connected.
贫穷的地理环境与选票的地理分布是相联系的。
deplete
表示“消耗；耗费（资源、金钱、精力等）”，英文解释为“to reduce something in size or amount, especially supplies of energy, money, etc.”举个🌰：
If we continue to deplete the earth's natural resources, we will cause serious damage to the environment.
如果我们继续消耗地球上的自然资源，将对环境造成严重的破坏。
Longevity: While no one knows exactly how long they will live, people can make an educated guess based on their health and family history. Those who might live well into their 80s, 90s and beyond may find $1 million isn't enough.
寿命：虽然没有人确切地知道自己能活多久，但人们可以根据自己的健康状况和家族史做出有根据的猜测。那些可能活到80岁、90岁甚至更久的人可能会发现100万美元是不够的。
longevity
表示“长寿；长命；持久”，英文解释为“long life; the fact of lasting a long time”举个🌰：
We wish you both health and longevity.
我们祝愿您二位健康长寿。
educated guess
表示“有根据的猜测；根据经验（或专业知识）所作的估计”，英文解释为“a guess that is made using judgment and a particular level of knowledge and is therefore more likely to be correct”。
Lifestyle: Retirees need to make smart spending choices, and those who choose an expensive lifestyle will need more cash in their nest egg. "I've got clients with $10 million who spend like crazy and probably aren't going to make it 25 years," says Brian Walsh, a financial planner with Walsh & Nicholson Financial Group in Wayne, Pennsylvania.
生活方式：退休者需要做出明智的消费选择，那些选择昂贵生活方式的人将需要更多的钱来备用。宾夕法尼亚州（Pennsylvania）韦恩县（Wayne）的Walsh & Nicholson金融集团的财务规划师布莱恩·沃尔什（Brian Walsh）说：“我有一些拥有1000万美元的客户，他们花钱如流水，可能用不到25年就花光了。”
nest egg
表示“备用的钱；储备金”，英文解释为“a sum of money that you save to use in the future”。
like crazy
表示“发疯似的；拼命地；飞快地”，英文解释为“If you do something like crazy, you do a lot of it or do it very quickly.”举个🌰：
They were working like crazy to get the job done on time.
为了按时完工，他们在拼命工作。
Health care: The 2021 Fidelity Retiree Health Care Cost Estimate found an average couple retiring this year can expect to spend $300,000 on health care costs in retirement. Healthy seniors may have lower expenses and find that helps their retirement savings last longer.
医疗保健：2021年富达退休人员医疗保健费用估算发现，今年退休的夫妇在退休后医疗保健费用上平均预计将花费300,000美元。健康的老人可能有较低的支出，并发现这有助于他们的退休储蓄持续更长的时间。
Retirement income: Most people won't be living exclusively off their savings in retirement. Even those who don't receive a pension can expect Social Security income. Those payments will reduce the amount withdrawn from retirement accounts.
退休收入：大多数人在退休后不会完全依靠他们的储蓄生活。即使那些不领取养老金的人也可以期待社会保障金收入。这些款项将减少从退休账户（储蓄）中提取的金额。
live off sb./sth.
表示“依靠…生活”，英文解释为“to use someone or something to provide the money or food that you need to live”举个🌰：
All his life he had lived off his father.
他一辈子都靠父亲生活。
exclusively
表示“仅仅；专门；单独”，相当于only，举个🌰：
This offer is available exclusively to our established customers.
只有本店老客户才能享受这一优惠价。
pension
表示“养老金；退休金；抚恤金”，英文解释为“an amount of money paid regularly by the government or a private company to a person who does not work any more because they are too old or have become ill”。
📍政府工作报告中经常出现的一个词，比如2017年报告：提高低保、优抚、退休人员基本养老金等标准，We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, basic pension payments, and other subsidies;
withdraw
表示“提，取（银行账户中的款）”，英文解释为“to take money out of a bank account”举个🌰：
I'd like to withdraw ¥10 please.
我想取10块钱。
📍下一段出现名词 withdrawl 形式，表示「（从银行账户中）提款，取款」，英文解释为：the act of taking an amount of money out of your bank account.
Investment risk: Retirees also need to take a close look at their portfolio if they want to know the answer of how long will $1 million last in retirement. "Market instability can take a bite out of assets," says Rafael Rubio, president of Stable Retirement Planners in Southfield, Michigan. Investing aggressively puts money at risk for losses, but being too conservative can mean savings don't grow enough to offset inflation and withdrawals.
投资风险：如果退休者想知道100万美元在退休后能维持多久的答案，他们也需要仔细查看自己的投资组合。“市场的不稳定性会使资产受到损失，”密歇根州（Michigan）南菲尔德（Southfield）的稳定退休计划公司总裁拉斐尔·鲁比奥（Rafael Rubio）说。积极投资使资金面临损失的风险，但过于保守可能意味着储蓄的增长不足以抵消通货膨胀和提款。
portfolio
portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊliəʊ/ 很久没出现了，很早之前在88岁股神巴菲特日喝5罐可乐一文中出现过：Even though Apple stock is a major part of Berkshire Hathaway's portfolio, Buffett still uses a flip phone that he showed off on CNN. 表示“（某人或某公司持有的）有价证券组合，投资组合”（a group of stock s owned by a particular person or compan），如：an investment portfolio 投资组合。
此外，portfolio还有多个不同含义：
1) 表示“公事包，文件夹；画夹”（a large flat case used especially for carrying pictures, documents etc）
2) 表示“部长（大臣）的职责”（the work that a particular government official is responsible for），如：the foreign affairs portfolio 外交部长职责。
3）表示“（艺术家、摄影师等的）作品选集”（a set of pictures or other pieces of work that an artist, photographer etc has done）。
take a bite out of
表示“大幅削减；大量扣除；花掉一大部分（钱）”，英文解释为“to reduce the number or amount of something”举个🌰：Traveling around Zhejiang took a big bite out of my savings.
环浙江游让我花掉了我的一大笔积蓄。
offset
作动词，表示“抵消；弥补；补偿”，英文解释为“to use one cost, payment or situation in order to cancel or reduce the effect of another”举个🌰：
Prices have risen in order to offset the increased cost of materials.
为补偿原料成本的增加而提高了价格。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情下机器人自动化的文章中提到：Companies reshoring production have sought to offset the high cost of human labour with the engineered sort. 把生产迁回本国的公司纷纷利用工程手段来抵消高人力成本。
📍听说2021年大英赛就考到了offset这个词，其实早在可口可乐将涨价文中就提到过啦。
Inflation: While inflation has been near zero in recent years, there is no guarantee of that continuing. A rising inflation rate will erode the purchasing power of money and result in retirees burning through their savings faster more quickly.
通货膨胀：虽然近年来通货膨胀率接近零，但不能保证这种情况会继续下去。通货膨胀率的上升将削弱货币的购买力，并导致退休人员更快地花掉他们的储蓄。
erode
表示“降低，削弱”，英文解释为“If the value of something erodes or is eroded by something such as inflation or age, its value decreases.”举个🌰：
Competition in the financial marketplace has eroded profits.
金融市场的竞争降低了利润。
还可以指“（气候）侵蚀，腐蚀；（岩石、土壤）风化”等（if the weather erodes rock or soil, or if rock or soil erodes, its surface is gradually destroyed），如：soil erosion 水土流失。
All these factors make it difficult to create a universal rule of thumb for retirement savings. While some people may be able to live comfortably in retirement on less than $1 million, others will need significantly more.
所有这些因素使我们很难为退休储蓄建立一个普遍的经验法则。虽然有些人可能靠不到100万美元就能在退休后过上舒适的生活，但另一些人则需要大大增加。
rule of thumb
表示“实用的估测方法；经验之谈；经验法则”，英文解释为“a practical and approximate way of doing or measuring something”举个🌰：
A good rule of thumb is that a portion of rice is two handfuls.
有个方便实用的估算方法，即两把生米便是够一人吃的量。
谢谢你看到这里呀
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