今天起，我们一起来啃2023政府工作报告好吗？中英双语笔记「Part 1」
此报告以本次大会最后审议通过并由新华社公布的文本为准。The official Chinese version of this report will be released by Xinhua News Agency.
REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT
政府工作报告
Delivered at the First Session of the 14th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2023
2023年3月5日 在第十四届全国人民代表大会第一次会议上
Premier of the State Council
国务院总理
- ◆ -
各位代表：
Fellow Deputies,
注：
除了2017年报告中译为：Esteemed Deputies，近几年来（2015年、2016年、2018年、2019年、2020年、2021年以及2022年），「各位代表」都译为：Fellow Deputies.
本届政府任期即将结束。
The term of this government is about to come to a close.
现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告工作，请予审议，并请全国政协委员提出意见。
On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval and also for comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
注：
国务院
the State Council
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会
the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)
📍「请予审议」处理为：(ask) for your deliberation and approval；2016年报告中提到：xxx草案提交大会审查，用的是for your review and approval.
📍deliberation /dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən/表示“细想；考虑；商议；审议；讨论”，英文解释为“considering or discussing something”举个🌰：After two hours of deliberation, LR decided to refuse their job. 经过2个小时的商议，LR君决定拒绝他们的工作。
📍「请...提出意见」
2015年、2016年报告、2018年报告、2019年报告表述较为相似：I (also) invite comments (on my report) from (the) members of ...；2017年报告译为：I also wish to have comments on my report from the ...；最近三年（2022年、2021年和2020年则换成：I also ask members of ... for their comments.
📍两会具体是哪两会？
1. 中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会（NPC）
the National People's Congress (NPC) of the People's Republic of China
2. 中国人民政治协商会议（CPPCC）
the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)
一、过去一年和五年工作回顾
I. A Review of Our Work in 2022 and over the Past Five Years
2022年是党和国家历史上极为重要的一年。
The year 2022 was a year of great importance in the history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and our country.
注：
中国共产党
the Communist Party of China (CPC)
📍milestone表示“里程碑；重大事件；转折点”，英文解释为“an important event in the development or history of something or in someone's life”举个🌰：He felt that moving out of his parents' home was a real milestone in his life. 他感到搬出父母家是他一生中一个真正的转折点。
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告：过去一年是...历史上具有里程碑意义的一年。Last year was a milestone in the history of ...
2021年报告：过去一年，在...历史上极不平凡。Last year was an extraordinary year in the history of ...
党的二十大胜利召开，描绘了全面建设社会主义现代化国家的宏伟蓝图。
The Party successfully convened its 20th National Congress, during which it drew up an inspiring blueprint for building China into a modern socialist country in all respects.
注：
描绘了...宏伟蓝图
draw up an inspiring blueprint for ...
全面建设社会主义现代化国家
building China into a modern socialist country in all respects / building a modern socialist country in all respects
📍convene /kənˈviːn/ 表示“召开，召集（会议）；集合；开会”，英文解释为“to bring together a group of people for a meeting, or to meet for a meeting”。
📍看到这里，经常有小伙伴会问，respect是不是写错了应该是aspect？没错，respect作名词，也有“（事物的）方面，细节”的含义（a particular aspect or detail of sth）。
👉「合集」二十大报告中英文双语注释笔记PDF下载，公众号「LearnAndRecord」后台对话框里发送：20
面对风高浪急的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，以习近平同志为核心的党中央团结带领全国各族人民迎难而上，
In the face of high winds and choppy waters in the international environment and challenging tasks in promoting reform, development, and stability at home, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core brought together the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and led them in meeting difficulties head-on.
注：
风高浪急
high winds and choppy waters
艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务
challenging tasks in promoting reform, development, and stability at home
以...为核心
with ... at its core
...同志
Comrade ...
党中央（中国共产党中央委员会）
the Party Central Committee / the CPC Central Committee / the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
团结带领
bring together ... and lead ... / unit and lead ...
全国各族人民
the Chinese people of all ethnic groups
迎难而上
meeting difficulties head-on
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告：一年来，面对复杂严峻的国内外形势和诸多风险挑战， Last year, facing complicated and challenging circumstances both in and outside of China, as well as many risks and challenges,
2021年报告：面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情、世界经济深度衰退等多重严重冲击， Facing the combined adverse and severe impact of a sudden coronavirus epidemic and a deep global economic recession,
2020年报告：去年，我国发展面临诸多困难挑战。In pursuing development last year, China faced many difficulties and challenges.
2019年报告：我国发展面临多年少有的国内外复杂严峻形势，...。In pursuing development this year, China faced a complicated and challenging domestic and international environment of a kind rarely seen in many years,
2018年报告：面对极其错综复杂的国内外形势, ...。Facing an extremely complex environment both at home and abroad, ...
2017年报告：过去一年，我国发展面临国内外诸多矛盾叠加、风险隐患交汇的严峻挑战。In the past year, China's development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.
2016年报告：过去一年，我国发展面临多重困难和严峻挑战。In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.
2015年报告：过去一年，我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻。Over the past year, the international and domestic environments faced by China in its development have been complicated and challenging.
全面落实疫情要防住、经济要稳住、发展要安全的要求，加大宏观调控力度，
We acted on the requirements of responding effectively to Covid-19, maintaining economic stability, and ensuring security in development, and intensified macro regulation.
注：
落实...的要求
act on the requirements of ...
疫情要防住
responding effectively to Covid-19
经济要稳住
maintaining economic stability
发展要安全
ensuring security in development
加大宏观调控力度
intensify macro regulation
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实现了经济平稳运行、发展质量稳步提升、社会大局保持稳定，我国发展取得来之极为不易的新成就。
As a result, we stabilized the economy, steadily enhanced development quality, and maintained overall social stability, securing new and hard-won achievements in China’s development.
注：
取得来之极为不易的新成就
securing new and hard-won achievements
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告：我国发展又取得新的重大成就。and once again secured new and major achievements in our country’s development.
📍secure 1）熟词僻义，作动词，表示“获得；设法得到；争取到”，英文解释为“to get something, sometimes with difficulty”举个🌰：He was disappointed by his failure to secure the top job with the bank. 他因没能得到银行的高层工作而失望。
2）表示“使安全；保护；保卫”，英文解释为“to make certain something is protected from danger or risk”举个🌰：This form of investment is an excellent way of securing your children's financial future. 这种投资方式是为你的孩子提供日后经济保障的极佳方式。
过去一年，我国经济发展遇到疫情等国内外多重超预期因素冲击。
Over the past year, China’s economy was impacted by Covid-19 and other domestic and international factors beyond our expectations.
注：
遇到...冲击
be impacted by ...
超预期
beyond our expectations
国内外多重超预期因素
domestic and international factors beyond our expectations
（中）国内外
domestic and international / both in and outside of China / both at home and abroad
在党中央坚强领导下，我们高效统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展，根据病毒变化和防疫形势，优化调整疫情防控措施。
However, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee, we carried out Covid-19 response and pursued economic and social development in an effective and well-coordinated way; and we improved and adjusted response measures in view of virus variations and the evolving dynamics of epidemic prevention and control.
注：
高效统筹
in an effective and well-coordinated way
疫情防控-->应对Covid-19
carry out Covid-19 response
优化调整（疫情）防控措施
improve and adjust response measures
根据
in view of
病毒变化
virus variations
防疫形势
the evolving dynamics of epidemic prevention and control
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告：统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展，We responded to Covid-19 and pursued economic and social development in a well-coordinated way,
2021年报告中提到：疫情防控取得重大战略成果，We achieved major strategic success in our response to Covid-19 (From: LearnAndRecord)
面对经济新的下行压力，果断应对、及时调控，
Confronted with new downward pressure on the economy, we acted decisively and made timely adjustments.
注：
面对
confronted with ... / in the face of ...
经济新的下行压力
new downward pressure on the economy
果断应对
act decisively
及时调控
make timely adjustments
动用近年储备的政策工具，靠前实施既定政策举措，坚定不移推进供给侧结构性改革，
We made use of the policy tools kept in reserve over recent years, proactively adopted predetermined policies, and remained firm in advancing supply-side structural reform.
注：
既定政策举措
predetermined policies
靠前-->前摄地；主动地；积极地
proactively
推进供给侧结构性改革
advancing supply-side structural reform
remain firm in
坚定不移
出台实施稳经济一揽子政策和接续措施，
We unveiled and implemented a full range of policies and follow-up measures to stabilize the economy.
注：
出台实施
unveil and implement
一揽子政策
a full range of policies
接续措施
follow-up measures
稳经济
stabilize the economy
📍unveil 1）表示“ 为…揭幕；揭开…上的覆盖物；拉开…的帷幔”，英文解释为“to remove a cover or curtain from a painting, statue, etc. so that it can be seen in public for the first time”举个🌰：She unveiled a plaque to mark the official opening of the hospital. 她主持揭幕式，标志着医院正式启用。
2）表示“（首次）展示，介绍，推出；将…公之于众”，英文解释为“to show or introduce a new plan, product, etc. to the public for the first time”举个🌰：They will be unveiling their new models at the Motor Show. 他们将在汽车大展上首次推出自己的新型汽车。
🎬电影《复仇者联盟1》（The Avengers）中的台词提到：We look beyond the Earth to the greater worlds the Tesseract will unveil. 而我们则放眼地球之外 那些将被宇宙魔方开启的更广博的世界。
🎬电影《超人高校》（Sky High）中的台词提到：We can't unveil the Stronghold Three without Will. 我们不能在威尔（Will）不在场时 向大家介绍斯特朗霍德三侠（Stronghold Three）。
部署稳住经济大盘工作，
We formulated plans for the task of ensuring overall economic stability.
注：
稳住经济大盘
ensuring overall economic stability
📍formulate /ˈfɔː.mjə.leɪt/ 表示“制订；规划；构想”，英文解释为“to develop all the details of a plan for doing something”如：to formulate a new plan 制订一个新计划。
加强对地方落实政策的督导服务，支持各地挖掘政策潜力，支持经济大省勇挑大梁，
We stepped up supervision and support to ensure policy implementation by local governments and assisted them in fully leveraging the potential of policies, and supported major economically developed provinces in shouldering greater responsibility.
注：
督导（服务）
supervision and support
挖掘政策潜力
leveraging the potential of policies
经济大省
major economically developed provinces
勇挑大梁
shouldering greater responsibility
突出稳增长稳就业稳物价，推动经济企稳回升。
We gave priority to ensuring stable growth, employment, and prices, thus bringing about a steady economic recovery.
注：
突出
give priority to ...
稳增长稳就业稳物价
ensuring stable growth, employment, and prices
推动经济企稳回升
bringing about a steady economic recovery
📍企稳回升，意思是经济运行停止下跌并有上涨趋势（但还未上涨）。
全年国内生产总值增长3％，
Gross domestic product (GDP) of the year grew by 3 percent.
注：
国内生产总值
gross domestic product (GDP)
城镇新增就业1206万人，年末城镇调查失业率降到5.5％，
A total of 12.06 million urban jobs were added, with the year-end surveyed urban unemployment rate falling to 5.5 percent.
注：
年末城镇调查失业率
the year-end surveyed urban unemployment rate
调查失业率
the surveyed unemployment rate
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告：城镇新增就业1269万人，A total of 12.69 million urban jobs were added; 城镇调查失业率平均为5.1%。and the average surveyed unemployment rate stood at 5.1 percent.
2021年报告：城镇新增就业1186万人，A total of 11.86 million urban jobs were added; 年末全国城镇调查失业率降到5.2%。and the year-end surveyed urban unemployment rate dropped to 5.2 percent.
居民消费价格上涨2％。
The consumer price index (CPI) rose by 2 percent.
注：
居民消费价格
the consumer price index (CPI)
📍也称消费者物价指数/居民消费价格指数。
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告：居民消费价格上涨0.9%。 The consumer price index (CPI) rose by 0.9 percent.
2021年报告：居民消费价格上涨2.5%。the consumer price index (CPI) posted a 2.5 percent growth.
2020年报告：居民消费价格直接是用的consumer prices，原句：居民消费价格上涨2.9%。Consumer prices rose by 2.9 percent.
货物进出口总额增长7.7％。
The total volume of trade in goods rose by 7.7 percent.
注：
货物进出口总额
the total volume of trade in goods
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告：货物进出口总额增长21.4%，The total volume of trade in goods grew by 21.4 percent,
财政赤字率控制在2.8％，中央财政收支符合预算、支出略有结余。
The deficit-to-GDP ratio was kept at 2.8 percent, and central government revenue and expenditure were in line with budget projections, with expenditure slightly lower than the budgeted figure.
注：
财政赤字率
the deficit-to-GDP ratio
中央财政收支
central government revenue and expenditure
符合预算
in line with budget projections
📍财政赤字率是指财政支出超过财政收入的部分的所占比例，意味着"花"的钱超过了"挣"到的钱。赤字率=（政府开支-政府收入）/GDP×100%
国际收支保持平衡，人民币汇率在全球主要货币中表现相对稳健。
A basic equilibrium was maintained in the balance of payments, and the RMB exchange rate remained stable relative to other major global currencies.
注：
国际收支保持平衡。
A basic equilibrium was maintained in the balance of payments.
人民币汇率
the RMB exchange rate
全球主要货币
major global currencies
📍国际收支是指一个国家在一定时期内由对外经济往来、对外债权债务清算而引起的所有货币收支。
📍equilibrium /ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm/ 表示“平衡；均衡”，英文解释为“a balance between different people, groups, or forces that compete with each other, so that none is stronger than the others and a situation is not likely to change suddenly”举个🌰：Any disturbance to the body's state of equilibrium can produce stress. 对身体平衡状态的任何干扰都可能产生压力。
粮食产量1.37万亿斤，增产74亿斤。
Grain output reached 685 million metric tons, an increase of 3.7 million metric tons.
注：
粮食产量
grain output
📍grain作名词，表示“粮食，颗粒，谷物”（the small hard seeds of food plants such as wheat , rice, etc.; a single seed of such a plant）
📍metric ton表示“公吨，米制吨（=1,000 公斤）”（a unit for measuring weight, equal to 1,000 kilograms）
📍注意单位的换算：
1公吨 = 1000公斤，1斤 = 0.5公斤
1.37万亿斤 = 1370000000000斤 = 685000000000公斤 = 685000000公吨（metric tons）= 685 million metric tons
生态环境质量持续改善。
The environment continued to improve.
注：
持续改善
continue to improve
在攻坚克难中稳住了经济大盘，
Overcoming great difficulties and challenges, we succeeded in maintaining overall stable economic performance.
注：
攻坚克难
overcoming great difficulties and challenges
稳住经济大盘
maintaining overall stable economic performance / ensuring overall economic stability
在复杂多变的环境中基本完成全年发展主要目标任务，我国经济展现出坚强韧性。
Amid a complex and fluid environment, we were able to generally accomplish the main targets and tasks for the year. Such achievements are a testament to the tremendous resilience of China’s economy.
注：
在复杂多变的环境中
amid a complex and fluid environment
基本完成
generally accomplish
坚强韧性
the tremendous resilience
📍testament /ˈtes.tə.mənt/ 表示“证明；验证”，英文解释为“proof”举个🌰：The detail of her wildlife paintings is (a) testament to (= proof of) her powers of observation. 她画野生动物十分细致，这证明她有很强的观察能力。
📍resilience /rɪˈzɪliəns/ 表示“快速恢复的能力；适应力”，英文解释为“the ability of people or things to feel better quickly after sth unpleasant, such as shock, injury, etc.”
「未完待续」
「持续更新中」
公众号内发送具体年份
如2015或2016或2017或2018
或2019或2020或2021或2022
查看相应年份学习笔记
本系列笔记首发自
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- 📖 -
拖延症的你，
去年、前年、大前年的报告打印完看了吗？
今年就和LR一起来打卡学习啃报告吧！
加入方式：后台对话框处发送「2023」
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LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2023年3月5日
第2948天
每天持续行动学外语