愿平安！
近日，全国多省遭受暴雨侵袭，多地受灾严重。河北省涿州市汛情持续恶化，全域停水、部分停电。
🤔️小作业：
A. Hebei was the first area hit by the storm.
B. Hebei experienced the most severe effects of the storm.
C. Hebei was able to handle the storm with minimal damage.
D. Hebei was unaffected by the storm due to its geographic location.
A. The city's water supply had been contaminated.
B. The city was trying to minimize flooding by absorbing excess water.
C. The city was anticipating a severe drought after the storm.
D. The reservoirs were at risk of overflowing due to heavy rainfall.
B. A lack of flood-prevention infrastructure
C. Shortages of water and partial power outages
D. Mass exodus of its residents due to the floods
无注释原文：
China intensifies flood rescue efforts south of Beijing after historic rains
From: Reuters
China on Wednesday dispatched thousands of rescue workers to Zhuozhou, a flooded city of over 600,000 residents southwest of Beijing, as the remnants of Typhoon Doksuri continued to wreak havoc on swathes of the city twice the size of Paris.
Zhuozhou is in Hebei province, which has borne the brunt of the worst storms to hit northern China in over a decade, killing least 20 people. The city also borders Beijing, which was inundated with the most rainfall in 140 years between Saturday and early Wednesday, official data showed.
Authorities in Hebei have declared a state of emergency as rainfall averaged 355 mm (14 inches) since Saturday, the heaviest since at least July 2012. More than 134,000 Zhuozhou residents have been affected, with over one-sixth of the city's population evacuated.
At the confluence of several rivers, Zhuozhou is one of the hardest hit cities in Hebei as floodwaters migrated downstream, according to state media, waterlogging residential areas more than twice the size of the French capital, and affecting nearly 650 hectares of agricultural land.
The local public security bureau said on Tuesday the city faced water shortages and a partial power outage, adding that it urgently needed rafts, life jackets and emergency supplies. Residents said waters rose as high as four metres (13 ft).
Some 9,000 rescuers have been dispatched to Zhuozhou, with more rescue teams rushing over from neighbouring Henan and Shanxi provinces, state broadcaster CCTV reported.
A satellite image taken on Tuesday showed Zhuozhou surrounded by floodwaters on three sides. The Global Times newspaper reported that a large amount of water was flowing from Beijing into three rivers around Zhuozhou.
Many Zhuozhou residents took to social media to complain about how long rescue and recovery efforts were taking.
Floods have also hit warehouses in the city, a logistics hub. Hebei authorities said they had opened another flood diversion area in Yongding River on Wednesday to help ease the flooding.
BooksChina.com, an online bookstore, said on its WeChat account on Tuesday night their staff were waiting for rescue workers on the fourth floor of their flooded warehouse where over four million books were stored.
As the floodwaters flow south, the authorities in the city of Gaobeidian have evacuated 113,000 residents, as well as opened reservoirs to trap the excess water, Xinhua reported.
The residual circulation of Doksuri's rain clouds continued to head north, prompting some areas in northeastern Harbin, a city of about 10 million people, to close schools, scenic spots, and suspend construction work until 3 p.m. on Thursday, according to a local government statement.
Residents in these areas were also advised to stay indoors.
- ◆ -
注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
China intensifies flood rescue efforts south of Beijing after historic rains
From: Reuters
China on Wednesday dispatched thousands of rescue workers to Zhuozhou, a flooded city of over 600,000 residents southwest of Beijing, as the remnants of Typhoon Doksuri continued to wreak havoc on swathes of the city twice the size of Paris.
周三，台风“杜苏芮”的余威仍在肆虐，给涿州这座面积相当于巴黎两倍的城市造成严重破坏，全国调派数千名救援人员驰援位于北京西南部、人口逾60万的涿州。
dispatch
可以作名词也可以作动词，1）表示“派遣”，英文解释为“If you dispatch someone to a place, you send them there for a particular reason.”举个🌰：He had been continually dispatching scouts ahead. 他一直不断地派遣侦察员到前面去。
2）表示“发送”，英文解释为“If you dispatch a message, letter, or parcel, you send it to a particular person or destination.”举个🌰：The victory inspired him to dispatch a gleeful telegram to her. 胜利鼓舞了他发喜电给她。
📍2020年政府工作报告Part 3中就提到：举全国之力予以支援，调派4万多名医护人员驰援，rallying the support of the entire country, dispatching over 40,000 doctors and nurses,
remnant
remnant /ˈrem.nənt/ 表示“残余（部分）；剩余（部分）；零头；零料”，英文解释为“a small piece or amount of something that is left from a larger original piece or amount”如：the remnants of last night's meal 昨晚的剩饭。
wreak havoc
wreak havoc 肆虐，造成严重破坏，wreak /riːk/ 表示“造成（混乱或严重破坏）”，英文解释为“Something or someone that wreaks havoc or destruction causes a great amount of disorder or damage.”举个🌰：The recent storms have wreaked havoc on crops. 最近的暴风雨给农作物造成了巨大的灾害。She was determined to wreak revenge/vengeance on both him and his family. 她决心要报复他和他的家人。
📍havoc /ˈhævək/ 作名词，表示“破坏，毁坏；混乱”，英文解释为“confusion and lack of order, especially causing damage or trouble”
🎬电影《歪小子斯科特》（Scott Pilgrim vs. the World）中提到：You know what, maybe it's high.... time you took a look in a mirror before you wreak havoc on another girl. 你知道吗，在你再去糟蹋别的女孩之前，你真该去照照镜子。
swathe
swath /swɑːθ/ 更常写作 swathe /sweɪð/ 1）表示“长条区域，大块区域；（尤指）长条田地，大块田地”，英文解释为“a long strip or large area especially of land”举个🌰：Huge swathes of rainforest are being cleared for farming and mining. 为了耕种和采矿，大片大片的雨林被砍伐。
2）表示“部分；范围”，英文解释为“a large part of something that includes several different things”举个🌰：These people represent a broad/wide swathe of public opinion. 这些人代表了广大人民的意见。
Zhuozhou is in Hebei province, which has borne the brunt of the worst storms to hit northern China in over a decade, killing least 20 people. The city also borders Beijing, which was inundated with the most rainfall in 140 years between Saturday and early Wednesday, official data showed.
涿州市位于河北省，是十多年来袭击中国北方最严重暴雨的重灾区，已造成至少20人死亡。涿州市也与北京市接壤，据官方数据显示，从周六到周三早些时候，北京遭遇了140年来最大降雨量。
brunt
the brunt of sth 表示“…的主要压力（或冲力）”，英文解释为“the main force of something unpleasant”举个🌰：The infantry has taken/borne the brunt of the missile attacks. 步兵在导弹袭击中首当其冲。
inundate
inundate /ˈɪnʌnˌdeɪt/ 表示“（被）淹没，应接不暇”，英文解释为“to receive so much of something that you cannot easily deal with it all”举个🌰：After the broadcast, we were inundated with requests for more information. 节目播出之后，太多人来询问详情，令我们应接不暇。
对比：
📍be swamped by/with：表示“使陷入（大量工作）；使面临（大量问题）”（to suddenly give someone a lot of work, problems etc to deal with）举个🌰：We've been swamped with phone calls since the advert appeared. 自从广告出来后，电话多得使我们应接不暇。
Authorities in Hebei have declared a state of emergency as rainfall averaged 355 mm (14 inches) since Saturday, the heaviest since at least July 2012. More than 134,000 Zhuozhou residents have been affected, with over one-sixth of the city's population evacuated.
河北省有关部门已宣布进入紧急状态，因为自周六以来，平均降雨量达到355毫米（14英寸），这是自2012年7月以来的最大降雨量。超过13.4万涿州市民受到影响，超过六分之一的人口被疏散。
evacuate
evacuate /ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt/ 表示“疏散; 使…撤离”，英文解释为“To evacuate someone means to send them to a place of safety, away from a dangerous building, town, or area.”举个🌰：They were planning to evacuate the ten officials still in the country. 他们当时在计划将仍在那个国家的10位官员撤离。
At the confluence of several rivers, Zhuozhou is one of the hardest hit cities in Hebei as floodwaters migrated downstream, according to state media, waterlogging residential areas more than twice the size of the French capital, and affecting nearly 650 hectares of agricultural land.
据官方媒体报道，涿州市位于几条河流交汇处，由于洪水向下游蔓延，涿州已成为河北省受灾最严重的城市之一，受灾面积是法国首都巴黎的两倍多，近650公顷的农田受到了影响。（注：截至7月31日17时，已统计农业受灾面积9726亩。）
confluence
confluence /ˈkɒn.fluː.əns/ 表示“（河流）汇合处，汇流点，交汇处”，英文解释为“the place where two rivers flow together and become one larger river”
migrate
migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt/ 1）表示“移动，转移”，英文解释为“to move from one place to another”举个🌰：Trade has migrated from local shops to the larger chain stores. 贸易正从当地的商店转移到更大的连锁商店。
2）表示“（动物）迁徙，移栖”，英文解释为“When an animal migrates, it travels to a different place, usually when the season changes.”举个🌰：These animals migrate annually in search of food. 这些动物为寻找食物每年都迁徙。
3）表示“（指人）大批外出；（暂时）移居，迁移”，英文解释为“If people migrate, they travel in large numbers to a new place to live temporarily.”
downstream
downstream /ˌdaʊnˈstriːm/ 表示“顺流（地），向下游（地）”，英文解释为“in the direction a river or stream is flowing”举个🌰：The current carried her downstream. 水流将她冲向下游。
hectare
hectare /ˈhek.teər/ 表示“公顷”，英文解释为“a unit of measurement of an area of land”
1公顷 (ha) = 15亩
1亩 = 0.0666667公顷(ha)
650公顷 ≈ 9750 亩
The local public security bureau said on Tuesday the city faced water shortages and a partial power outage, adding that it urgently needed rafts, life jackets and emergency supplies. Residents said waters rose as high as four metres (13 ft).
当地公安部门在周二表示，该市面临停水和部分停电问题，急需救生筏、救生衣和应急物资。当地居民表示，水位高达4米（13英尺）高。
bureau
bureau /ˈbjʊərəʊ/ 1）表示“（政府部门的）局，处，科”，英文解释为“a government organization”如：the Federal Bureau of Investigation 联邦调查局。
2）表示“（搜集或提供信息的）办事处，办公室，机构”，英文解释为“an organization or a business that collects or provides information”举个🌰：Her disappearance was reported to the police department's Missing Persons Bureau. 她的失踪被报到了警察局的失踪人口调查处。
power outage
power outage表示“停电”，英文解释为“an interruption in the supply of electricity”举个🌰：Storms caused power outages in hundreds of homes last night. 风暴导致昨夜几百户家庭断电。
还可以说power failure或者power cut：A power cut is a period of time when the electricity supply to a particular building or area is stopped, sometimes deliberately.
raft
raft /rɑːft/ 1）表示“大量；许多”，英文解释为“a large number or amount of sth”，如：a whole raft of new proposals 大量新的提议。
2）表示“充气筏，橡皮艇”，英文解释为“a small rubber or plastic boat that can be filled with air”如：a rubber raft 橡皮艇。
life jacket
life jacket /ˈlaɪf ˌdʒæk.ɪt/ 表示“救生衣，救生背心”，英文解释为“a piece of equipment, like a jacket without sleeves, that is filled with air or light material and is designed to help you float if you fall into water”
Some 9,000 rescuers have been dispatched to Zhuozhou, with more rescue teams rushing over from neighbouring Henan and Shanxi provinces, state broadcaster CCTV reported.
据中央电视台报道，已有约9000名救援人员被派往涿州，还有更多救援队伍正从邻近的河南和山西正在赶来。
broadcaster
1）表示“广播员；（电视或电台的）节目主持人”，英文解释为“a person whose job is presenting or talking on television or radio programmes”
2）表示“电视台；广播公司”，英文解释为“a company that sends out television or radio programmes”。
A satellite image taken on Tuesday showed Zhuozhou surrounded by floodwaters on three sides. The Global Times newspaper reported that a large amount of water was flowing from Beijing into three rivers around Zhuozhou.
周二拍摄的一张卫星图像显示，涿州三面被洪水包围。《环球时报》报道，大量洪水正从北京流入涿州周围的三条河流。
satellite
satellite /ˈsæt.əl.aɪt/ 表示“卫星；人造卫星”，英文解释为“a natural object moving around a larger object in space”举个🌰：The moon is Earth's satellite. 月球是地球的卫星。
Many Zhuozhou residents took to social media to complain about how long rescue and recovery efforts were taking.
许多涿州居民在社交媒体上抱怨救援和恢复工作进展缓慢。
Floods have also hit warehouses in the city, a logistics hub. Hebei authorities said they had opened another flood diversion area in Yongding River on Wednesday to help ease the flooding.
洪水还波及到了这座物流枢纽城市的仓库。河北省有关部门表示，他们已于周三启用永定河泛区，以帮助缓解洪灾。
logistics
表示“后勤；物流；组织工作”，英文解释为“the practical organization that is needed to make a complicated plan successful when a lot of people and equipment is involved”
hub
hub一词可以理解为“（某地/活动）中心，枢纽，核心”，如：the commercial hub of the city 城市的商业中心，a hub airport 大型中转机场，举个🌰：The kitchen was the hub of family life. 厨房是家庭生活的中心。
📍郑州挺住，河南加油！文中，路透社（Reuters）介绍河南就说的是：a major logistics hub in central China 中国中部的主要物流中枢，原句：Many train services across Henan, a major logistics hub in central China, have been suspended. Many highways have also been closed and flights delayed or cancelled. 河南是中国中部的一个主要物流中枢，整个河南的许多火车服务已经暂停。许多公路也被关闭，航班被推迟或取消。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）2018年8月一篇提到B站的文章是这么表达的，Bilibili, an online hub for fans of comics and games.
diversion
表示“转向；转移；偏离”，英文解释为“] the act of changing the direction that sb/sth is following, or what sth is used for”如：a river diversion project 河流改道工程。
BooksChina.com, an online bookstore, said on its WeChat account on Tuesday night their staff were waiting for rescue workers on the fourth floor of their flooded warehouse where over four million books were stored.
网上书店中图网周二晚在其微信公众号上表示，他们的工作人员正在被洪水淹没的仓库四楼等待救援人员，仓库里存放着400多万册书籍。
As the floodwaters flow south, the authorities in the city of Gaobeidian have evacuated 113,000 residents, as well as opened reservoirs to trap the excess water, Xinhua reported.
新华社报道，随着洪水南下，高碑店市已转移11.3万居民，并启用蓄滞洪区泄洪。
reservoir
reservoir /ˈrez.ə.vwɑːr/ 1）表示“水库；蓄水池”，英文解释为“a place for storing liquid, especially a natural or artificial lake providing water for a city or other area”
2）表示“储备；储藏；宝库”，英文解释为“a large supply of something”举个🌰：The universities constitute a reservoir of expert knowledge. 大学是专业知识的宝库。
trap
作名词，trap /træp/ 表示“陷阱;夹子;捕捉器”，英文解释为“a device or hole for catching animals or people and preventing their escape”举个🌰：The fox got its foot caught in a trap. 狐狸的一只脚被夹子夹住了。
作动词，1）be trapped表示“被困住；陷入困境”，英文解释为“If someone or something is trapped, that person or thing is unable to move or escape from a place or situation.”举个🌰：Fire officers used cutting equipment to free his legs, which were trapped under a steel beam. 消防队员们用切割设备松开他被压在一根钢梁下的双腿。
2）表示“（尤指为利用而）收集，存住，保存（热量、水等）”，英文解释为“to keep something such as heat or water in one place, especially because it is useful”举个🌰：A greenhouse stays warm because the glass traps the heat of the sun. 温室保持着温暖，因为玻璃吸收了太阳的热量。
excess
excess /ɪkˈses/ 表示“过多的；多余的，额外的”，英文解释为“extra”举个🌰：Cut off any excess pastry and put it to one side. 切掉多余的馅饼皮，放在一边。
The residual circulation of Doksuri's rain clouds continued to head north, promptingsome areas in northeastern Harbin, a city of about 10 million people, to close schools, scenic spots, and suspend construction work until 3 p.m. on Thursday, according to a local government statement.
根据当地政府的声明，“杜苏芮”残余环流继续向北移动，导致东北部约有1000万人口的哈尔滨市部分地区关闭学校、景区，并停工，直到周四下午3点。
residual
residual /rɪˈzɪdʒ.u.əl/ 表示“剩余的；残留的；残余的”，英文解释为“remaining after most of something has gone”举个🌰：I still felt some residual bitterness ten years after my divorce. 离婚10年后，我仍然可以感到余痛。
circulation
circulation /ˌsɜː.kjəˈleɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“（血液的）循环”，英文解释为“the movement of blood around the body”举个🌰：Exercise helps to improve circulation. 运动有助于促进血液循环。
2）表示“（信息）流传，传播；（货币或商品）流通”，英文解释为“the process in which something such as information, money, or goods passes from one person to another”
3）表示“（报纸杂志的）发行量，销售量”，英文解释为“the number of people that a newspaper or magazine is regularly sold to”举个🌰：The paper has a circulation of 100,000. 这份报纸发行量有10万份。
prompt
作名词，1）表示“（计算机屏幕上的）提示符（显示计算机已经准备好接受指令）；提示词”，英文解释为“a sign on a computer screen that shows that the computer is ready to receive your instructions”
2）表示“（给演员的）提词，提白”，英文解释为“words that are spoken to an actor who has forgotten what he or she is going to say during the performance of a play”
3）作动词，表示“促使；导致；激起”，英文解释为“to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen”举个🌰：His speech prompted an angry outburst from a man in the crowd. 他的讲话激起了人群中一男子的愤怒。
📺美剧《斯巴达克斯：血与沙》（Spartacus: Blood and Sand）中的台词提到：One cannot but wonder what would prompt such an act 不知他们为何遭此不幸。
4）作动词，表示“（尤指）给（演员）提词”，英文解释为“to help someone, especially an actor, to remember what they were going to say or do”举个🌰：I forgot my line and had to be prompted. 我忘词了，只好让人提词。
suspend
1）表示“（因犯错而）暂令停职；暂令停学；暂令停止参加活动”，英文解释为“If someone is suspended from work, school, etc., they are temporarily not allowed to work, go to school, or take part in an activity because of having done something wrong.”举个🌰：He was suspended for four games after arguing with the referee. 跟裁判发生争执之后，他被停赛4场。
2）表示“暂停”，英文解释为“If you suspend something, you delay it or stop it from happening for a while or until a decision is made about it”举个🌰：The union suspended the action this week. 工会本周暂停了这一行动。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述英国房价上涨的文章中提到：Britain has temporarily suspended stamp duty, a tax on buying houses. 英国已经暂停征收购房印花税。
3）表示“悬挂”，英文解释为“to hang”举个🌰：The builders worked on wooden platforms, suspended by ropes from the roof of the building. 建筑工人站在用绳子从房顶上吊下来的木制平台上作业。
Residents in these areas were also advised to stay indoors.
这些地区的居民也被建议留在室内。
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2015年2月8日
2023年8月2日
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