“预制菜进校园”引热议
近日，“预制菜进校园”话题引发网友热议。关于预制菜，你怎么看？
🤔️小作业：
1. Which of the following statements about the pre-made food market in China is NOT mentioned in the article?
a) The industry has seen considerable growth in the past two years.
b) Zhuhai's local government is investing heavily in pre-made food production.
c) The market was initially established by restaurant caterers.
d) Pre-cooked dishes are more expensive than their restaurant counterparts.
a) Skeptical. b) Optimistic.
c) Neutral. d) Concerned.
无注释原文：
China's booming ready-meals industry shows how pre-cooked food options are here to stay
From: SCMP
4 Aug, 2022
The growing popularity of pre-cooked food in China – also known as the ready-meals industry – has made it a capital darling.
In the world's second-largest economy, the market for pre-prepared dishes has been mainly driven by caterers. But a shift from restaurants to family dining tables in the past two years, has rapidly brought pre-made food to the mass consumer market.
Deloitte Asia-Pacific's consumer goods and retail industry head, Zhang Tianbing, now says China's pre-prepared food market looks to have a promising future, with the corporate side of the business currently more mature, while the general consumer market is still in the process of penetration.
“Pre-prepared dishes meet the preferences of a new generation of consumers for healthier and more distinctive meals,” Zhang said.
Deloitte China, in cooperation with Mumian Capital and Inward Fund – two investment houses focusing on the country's new economy sector – said in a report on Monday that the pre-made food market is shaping up to be even more lucrative this year than during the first two years of the pandemic.
According to the report, China's pre-prepared dishes market generated about 550 billion yuan (US$81.34 billion) in 2021, with an expected compound annual growth rate of 13 per cent over the next 5 years.
As of June, there were more than 66,000 domestic pre-cook-related enterprises, of which more than 1,020 were newly registered this year, with a growth rate of 42.7 per cent from January to June for new enterprise registrations, according to data from Tianyancha, a commercial database of public company records in China.
In Zhuhai, a bay-area city in Guangdong province, the local government is preparing to build a prefabricated vegetable industrial park spanning about 1,250 acres.
The industrial park, with a total investment of about 7.4 billion yuan, will cover all aspects of the pre-made-food industrial chain, from raw materials and production to processing and sales.
As a new capital darling, the pre-cooking industry is attracting cross-sector investment from companies outside the food industry.
In mid-July, the founder of a financial technology company called Qudian, Luo Min, ranked atop the e-commerce sales board by selling pre-made dishes on TikTok China, known as Douyin, using his personal account. It generated 252 million yuan worth of sales in a single session.
Yin Ping, the mother of a junior high school student, bought several boxes of pre-prepared dishes online last month and was delighted with the convenience and taste of the products.
“A dish that can be made in five minutes by simply throwing the ingredients into a pan is so convenient for me in the summer when I'm racking my brain to make yummy meals for the kids in a hot kitchen,” Yin said. “Although there are still additives in the semi-processed food, at least I processed it myself before it was served, which is more reassuring than takeaway [food].”
However, the quality of pre-made dishes in the market remains uneven, with problems related to the lack of detailed labelling on such products, as well as difficulties in logistics and distribution, according to a survey conducted by the Consumer Rights Protection Commission of Jiangsu Province in February.
Additionally, the issue of restaurants using pre-made dishes without telling diners was included among the top complaints in the first half of the year, according to information released by the China Consumers Association (CCA) on Tuesday.
The CCA said that, without advance notice, the use of pre-prepared dishes by restaurants to replace those prepared on-site by a chef was detrimental to consumers' rights to information and choice.
With the rapid development of the pre-cooking market, relevant regulations are needed to promote industry standardisation, according to the association.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
China's booming ready-meals industry shows how pre-cooked food options are here to stay
From: SCMP
4 Aug, 2022
The growing popularity of pre-cooked food in China – also known as the ready-meals industry – has made it a capital darling.
在中国，预制食品（又称即食食品行业）越来越受欢迎，已成为资本的宠儿。
darling
darling /ˈdɑː.lɪŋ/ 表示“亲爱的；宝贝；极受欢迎的人”，英文解释为“a person who is very much loved or liked”举个🌰：Oh darling, I love you. 亲爱的，我爱你。
In the world's second-largest economy, the market for pre-prepared dishes has been mainly driven by caterers. But a shift from restaurants to family dining tables in the past two years, has rapidly brought pre-made food to the mass consumer market.
在全球第二大经济体中，预制菜市场主要是由餐饮企业推动。但在过去两年中，从餐厅到家庭餐桌的转变，迅速将预制菜推向了大众消费市场。
caterer
caterer /ˈkeɪ.tər.ər/ 表示“提供餐饮服务的人（或公司）”，英文解释为“a person or company that makes or serves food”举个🌰：They prepare fresh vegetables for restaurants and caterers. 他们为餐馆和餐饮服务公司供应新鲜蔬菜。
mass
mass /mæs/ 作形容词，表示“大量的；大规模的；大批的”，英文解释为“having an effect on or involving a large number of people or forming a large amount”如：weapons of mass destruction 大规模杀伤性武器。
作名词，表示“大量；大批；众多”，英文解释为“a large amount of something that has no particular shape or arrangement”，如：a mass of rubble 一堆瓦砾；也可以指物理上的“质量”，英文解释为“In physics, the mass of an object is the amount of physical matter that it has.”
📍masses 表示“群众，平民”，英文解释为“the ordinary people who form the largest group in a society”
Deloitte Asia-Pacific's consumer goods and retail industry head, Zhang Tianbing, now says China's pre-prepared food market looks to have a promising future, with the corporate side of the business currently more mature, while the general consumer market is still in the process of penetration.
德勤亚太消费品与零售行业主管合伙人张天兵表示，中国预制菜市场前景广阔，企业方面的业务目前已较为成熟，而大众消费市场仍处于渗透过程中。
penetration
1）表示“穿透；渗透；进入”，英文解释为“the act or process of making a way into or through sth”，如：the company's successful penetration of overseas markets 公司对海外市场的顺利开拓，举个🌰：The floor is sealed to prevent water penetration. 地板加了密封涂料防止渗水。
2）表示“洞察力；敏锐”，英文解释为“the perceptive understanding of complex matters”，如：the survey shows subtlety and penetration 那项调查表现出了细心和洞察力。
“Pre-prepared dishes meet the preferences of a new generation of consumers for healthier and more distinctive meals,” Zhang said.
“预制菜满足了新一代消费者对更健康、更有特色餐食的偏好，”张天兵说。
distinctive
distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋk.tɪv/ 表示“与众不同的，独特的，特别的”，英文解释为“Something that is distinctive is easy to recognize because it is different from other things.”如：adistinctivesmell/taste特别的气味/味道。
Deloitte China, in cooperation with Mumian Capital and Inward Fund – two investment houses focusing on the country's new economy sector – said in a report on Monday that the pre-made food market is shaping up to be even more lucrative this year than during the first two years of the pandemic.
周一，德勤中国与两家专注于中国新经济领域的投资机构穆棉资本（Mumian Capital）和内向基金（Inward Fund）联合发布了一份报告，报告称今年预制菜市场的盈利前景比疫情的前两年还要好。
lucrative
lucrative /ˈluːkrətɪv/ 表示“（尤指生意、职位或活动）赚钱的，盈利的”，英文解释为“(especially of a business, job, or activity) producing a lot of money”举个🌰：The merger proved to be very lucrative for both companies. 事实证明，这次兼并使两家公司都获利丰厚。
According to the report, China's pre-prepared dishes market generated about 550 billion yuan (US$81.34 billion) in 2021, with an expected compound annual growth rate of 13 per cent over the next 5 years.
报告称，2021年中国预制菜市场的收入约为5500亿元人民币（813.4 亿美元），预计未来5年的复合年增长率为13%。
compound
compound /ˈkɒm.paʊnd/ 作名词，1）表示“化合物，复合物，混合物”，英文解释为“a chemical that combines two or more elements”举个🌰：Salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine. 盐是钠和氯的化合物。
2）表示“（围起来的）场地，楼群，院落”，英文解释为“an area surrounded by fences or walls that contains a group of buildings”举个🌰：They marched into the compound. 他们进入大院。
作动词，表示“使加重，使加剧，使恶化”，英文解释为“to make a problem or difficult situation worse”举个🌰：Her terror was compounded by the feeling that she was being watched. 她有种被人监视的感觉，这加剧了她的恐惧感。
🎬电影《盗梦空间》（Inception）中的台词提到：And when you enter a dream within that dream, the effect is compounded. 当你进入梦中梦，效果会更强。
作形容词，表示“复合的”，英文解释为“consisting of two or more parts”或者表示“（利息）以复利计算的”，英文解释为“used to refer to a system of paying interest in which interest is paid both on the original amount of money invested (= given to companies hoping to get more back) or borrowed and on the interest that has collected over a period of time”如：compound interest 复利。
As of June, there were more than 66,000 domestic pre-cook-related enterprises, of which more than 1,020 were newly registered this year, with a growth rate of 42.7 per cent from January to June for new enterprise registrations, according to data from Tianyancha, a commercial database of public company records in China.
根据中国公司商业数据库天眼查的数据，截至2022年6月，国内预制菜相关企业超过6.6万家，其中超过1,020家是2022年新注册的，1月至6月的新企业注册增长率为42.7%。
as of/from
表示“自…起；到...时候为止”，英文解释为“starting from a particular time or date”举个🌰：As of next month, all the airline's fares will be going up. 自下月起，所有航空公司的机票价格都将上调。
register
1）熟词僻义，表示“显示（读数）；记录”，英文解释为“if a measuring instrument registers an amount or sth registers an amount on a measuring instrument, the instrument shows or records that amount”举个🌰：The thermometer registered 25°C. 温度计显示读数为25摄氏度。
2）我们常见的含义是“（尤指把姓名）登记，注册”，英文解释为“to put information, especially your name, into an official list or record”举个🌰：I registered the car in my name. 我把车登记在我的名下。
📍政府工作报告中经常会出现这个词，比如2020政府工作报告中提到的：先进制造业、现代服务业较快增长。Advanced manufacturing and modern services registered rapid growth. 以及2018年报告中提到的：国内生产总值从54万亿元增加到82.7万亿元，年均增长7.1%， China's gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan, registering average annual growth of 7.1 percent; 都有“显示；指示；表达”的含义（to record, show, or express something）。
In Zhuhai, a bay-area city in Guangdong province, the local government is preparing to build a prefabricated vegetable industrial park spanning about 1,250 acres.
在广东省的湾区城市珠海，当地政府正在筹建一个占地约1250亩的预制蔬菜工业园。
prefabricated
prefabricated /ˌpriːˈfæb.rɪ.keɪ.tɪd/ 表示“预制的，预先建造的”，英文解释为“Prefabricated buildings or objects are built from parts that have been made in a factory and can be put together quickly.”如：a prefabricated house 预制装配式房屋。
The industrial park, with a total investment of about 7.4 billion yuan, will cover all aspects of the pre-made-food industrial chain, from raw materials and production to processing and sales.
该工业园的总投资约为74亿元人民币，将涵盖从原料、生产到加工、销售等预制菜产业链的各个环节。
As a new capital darling, the pre-cooking industry is attracting cross-sector investment from companies outside the food industry.
作为新的投资宠儿，预制菜行业正在吸引食品行业以外的企业跨领域投资。
In mid-July, the founder of a financial technology company called Qudian, Luo Min, ranked atop the e-commerce sales board by selling pre-made dishes on TikTok China, known as Douyin, using his personal account. It generated 252 million yuan worth of sales in a single session.
7月中旬，一家名为趣店的金融科技公司创始人罗敏，在抖音（中国版TikTok）上使用个人账号销售预制菜，位居电商销售榜首。仅仅一场直播就创造了2.52亿元人民币的销售额。
atop
表示“在…之上，在…顶上”，英文解释为“on or at the top of”举个🌰：She sat atop a two-metre wall. 她坐在一堵两米高的墙上。
Yin Ping, the mother of a junior high school student, bought several boxes of pre-prepared dishes online last month and was delighted with the convenience and taste of the products.
尹萍（音译）是一名初中生的母亲，她上个月在网上买了几盒预制菜，对这些产品的便利性和口味感到非常满意。
“A dish that can be made in five minutes by simply throwing the ingredients into a pan is so convenient for me in the summer when I'm racking my brain to make yummy meals for the kids in a hot kitchen,” Yin said. “Although there are still additives in the semi-processed food, at least I processed it myself before it was served, which is more reassuring than takeaway [food].”
尹萍说：“只需把食材扔进锅里五分钟就可以做好的菜，对于我这种夏天要在热气腾腾的厨房绞尽脑汁为孩子做饭的人真的很方便。尽管这些半加工食品里仍然有添加剂，但至少我在上菜前自己加工过，这比外卖更让人放心。”
ingredient
1）表示“（成功的）要素，因素”，英文解释为“one of the parts of something successful”举个🌰：Trust is a vital ingredient in a successful marriage. 信任是婚姻幸福的重要因素。
2）表示“（尤指烹调用的）原料”，英文解释为“Ingredients are the things that are used to make something, especially all the different foods you use when you are cooking a particular dish.”举个🌰：Coconut is a basic ingredient for many curries. 椰子是多种咖喱菜的基本成分。
rack your brain
英式 rack your brains 美式 rack your brain表示“绞尽脑汁，搜肠刮肚”，英文解释为“to think very hard”举个🌰：I've been racking my brains all day but I can't remember her name. 我搜肠刮肚想了一整天，却怎么也记不起她的名字来。
addictive
表示“（食品的）添加剂，添加物”，英文解释为“An additive is a substance which is added in small amounts to foods or other things in order to improve them or to make them last longer.”
📍词根“-ive”表示"具有...性质的"，前缀“add-”表示"添加"。想象你正在给食物添加"添加剂"以改善味道或外观。类似的：preservative（防腐剂）
semi-
semi- /ˈsem.i/ 表示“半；部分”，英文解释为“half or partly”如：semi-literate 半文盲。
reassuring
reassuring /ˌriː.əˈʃɔː.rɪŋ/表示“令人感到宽慰的；使人安心的；使人放心的”，英文解释为“making you feel less worried”举个🌰：He smiled at me in a reassuring way. 他对我露出宽慰的一笑。
takeaway
1）表示“要点；从…中了解到的主要信息”，英文解释为“a main message or piece of information that you learn from something you hear or read”举个🌰：The takeaway from the conference was how competitive the computer science industry has become. 这场会议的主要信息是计算机科学产业的竞争已变得非常激烈。
2）英式takeaway，美式 takeout, carryout，表示“外卖的饭食；外卖餐馆”，英文解释为“a meal cooked and bought at a shop or restaurant but taken somewhere else, often home, to be eaten, or the shop or restaurant itself”如：a Chinese takeaway 外卖中餐馆。
However, the quality of pre-made dishes in the market remains uneven, with problems related to the lack of detailed labelling on such products, as well as difficulties in logistics and distribution, according to a survey conducted by the Consumer Rights Protection Commission of Jiangsu Province in February.
然而，根据江苏省消费者权益保护委员会2月份进行的一项调查，市场上预制菜的质量仍然参差不齐，这些产品缺少详细的标签信息，物流和配送也存在问题。
uneven
uneven /ʌnˈiː.vən/ 1）表示“不平整的；参差不齐的；不平等的；不平坦的；不连续的”，英文解释为“not level, equal, flat, or continuous”举个🌰：Be careful on that path - the paving stones are uneven. 走那条路时要小心——铺路石很不平。
2）表示“（质量）不稳定的，时好时坏的”，英文解释为“different in quality; often used to avoid saying bad”举个🌰：Your work has been a little uneven this term. 你的功课这学期很不稳定。
logistics
表示“后勤；物流；组织工作”，英文解释为“the practical organization that is needed to make a complicated plan successful when a lot of people and equipment is involved”
Additionally, the issue of restaurants using pre-made dishes without telling diners was included among the top complaints in the first half of the year, according to information released by the China Consumers Association (CCA) on Tuesday.
此外，据中国消费者协会（CCA）周二发布的信息显示，今年上半年，餐厅在未告知就餐者的情况下使用预制菜的问题也被列为投诉最多的问题之一。
The CCA said that, without advance notice, the use of pre-prepared dishes by restaurants to replace those prepared on-site by a chef was detrimental to consumers' rights to information and choice.
中消协表示，未经事先通知，餐厅使用预制菜代替厨师现做的菜，损害了消费者的知情权和选择权。
detrimental
detrimental /ˌdet.rɪˈmen.təl/ 表示“有危害的，有损害的”，英文解释为“causing harm or damage”举个🌰：These chemicals have a detrimental effect/impact on the environment. 这些化学品对环境有危害。
With the rapid development of the pre-cooking market, relevant regulations are needed to promote industry standardisation, according to the association.
中消协表示，随着预制菜市场的快速发展，需要制定相关法规来促进行业规范化。
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