五月天被质疑假唱
近日，有博主制作视频对五月天上海演唱会12首歌的真假唱进行鉴定。随后，关于五月天是否假唱的话题在社交媒体上引发热议。
🤔️小作业：
1. Why might artists choose to sing quieter during some parts of a live performance?
A) To allow the audience to participate more.
B) Because they are not confident in those parts.
C) To save their voice for more demanding parts of the show.
D) To sync better with the background music.
A) The author disapproves of lip-synching as it deceives the audience.
B) The author is neutral, acknowledging it as a common practice with both positives and negatives.
C) The author strongly advocates for the use of technology to enhance live performances.
D) The author believes lip-synching should only be used in certain exceptional circumstances.
无注释原文：
Why Artists Lip-Sync, and How They Get Away With It
From: ABC NEWS
June 11, 2014
With the technology that exists today, some of the worst singers can sound like professional recording artists with a little editing in the studio.
But when it comes to singing live, even some of the most talented singers have been caught in the act of lip-synching.
“Lip-synching has been associated with something that is typically an egregious offense for a live performer,” arts and entertainment journalist Chuck Taylor told ABC News’ “20/20.” “Understanding whether a performance is live or not is … kind of a delicate thing.”
One of the times that artists may appear to not be performing live is when they use a performance track, which includes the instruments, backing vocals and hook vocals pre-recorded and playing in the background during a live show.
"So, when they go to perform it, they have the support of the stacks they recorded. They have the effects on the background vocals," Grammy-nominated recording and mix engineer Ariel Chobaz told ABC News' "20/20." "They're singing it on top. It's kind of like karaoke, in a way."
People may think artists are lip-synching because they might see a section in the performance where the artist doesn't sing and hear all the vocals from the performance track.
"But those are what we consider background vocals that were left in on purpose," said Chobaz.
Chobaz, who has worked with Nicki Minaj and Rihanna, said singing completely live can sometimes be impossible, especially during live television events.
"I've been involved in some very big broadcast shows, like the Grammys and the American Music Awards, and the time schedule is so precise. It's physically not possible to mic an entire band for every segment that comes up," said Chobaz.
During such performances, the singer's microphone is still on. On the parts they're not confident on or if the performance is physically demanding, the artist will sing quieter, and more of the performance track vocals can be heard.
“I think there are times when artists are allowed a pass, because shows have become so gargantuan, in terms of production, and dancing, and spinning around on a trapeze,” Taylor said.
There are very few artists who actually don't sing and completely lip-sync to a performance track that includes full lead vocals, according to Chobaz.
In these instances, there may be outside issues beyond just being a bad singer, such as weather conditions, technical issues, or sickness.
"At the end of the day, when it's a big broadcast event, there's very little room for error, and sometimes the show has to go on," Chobaz said. "And even if a singer is sick, that might mean relying on the pre-recorded track."
But even with technology and live-singing aids, Chobaz said, he can't fabricate the special quality that makes people stars.
"So, if someone doesn't have that texture, that feeling, that emotion, no matter how much we tune it, it won't sound good. It'll sound terrible," Chobaz said.
"You have to have a certain quality of magic to really make it work."
- ◆ -
注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Why Artists Lip-Sync, and How They Get Away With It
From: ABC NEWS
June 11, 2014
With the technology that exists today, some of the worst singers can sound like professional recording artists with a little editing in the studio.
在当今的技术条件下，一些最差的歌手在录音室稍加修音就能听起来像专业歌手一样。
lip-sync
lip-sync /ˈlɪp.sɪŋk/ = lip-synch 表示“（演员）假唱，对口型”，英文解释为“Performers who lip-sync songs pretend to be singing them when in fact they are just moving their lips.”举个🌰：They could lip-sync as well as the video stars of the 1980s. 他们可以像80年代的录像明星一样对口型。
But when it comes to singing live, even some of the most talented singers have been caught in the act of lip-synching.
但在现场演唱时，即使是最有才华的歌手也会被发现有假唱行为。
live
此处 live 读作/laɪv/，可以作形容词，也可以作副词，表示“直播的；现场播出的”，英文解释为“broadcast as it happens; performing or being performed in front of an audience”举个🌰：I've got two tickets to see them (perform) live. 我有两张看他们现场演出的门票。
“Lip-synching has been associated with something that is typically an egregious offense for a live performer,” arts and entertainment journalist Chuck Taylor told ABC News’ “20/20.” “Understanding whether a performance is live or not is … kind of a delicate thing.”
“对现场表演者来说，假唱通常是一个不可原谅的错误，”艺术和娱乐记者查克·泰勒（Chuck Taylor）在接受ABC新闻“20/20”节目采访时说。“判断现场演唱是否真唱……有点微妙。”
egregious
egregious /ɪˈɡriː.dʒəs/表示“（错误等）极其严重的，极坏的，令人震惊的”，英文解释为“extremely bad in a way that is very noticeable”举个🌰：It was an egregious error for him to show such ignorance. 他表现得如此无知，犯这种错误是极不应该的。
offense
美式 offense，英式 offence 1）表示“犯罪行为；罪行”，英文解释为“an illegal act; a crime”如：a serious/minor offence 重/轻罪。
2）表示“冒犯；触犯；得罪”，英文解释为“upset and hurt or annoyed feelings, often because someone has been rude or shown no respect”举个🌰：I really didn't mean (to cause/give) any offence (= did not intend to upset anyone) - I was just stating my opinion. 我真的不想冒犯任何人——我只是在陈述自己的意见。
delicate
delicate /ˈdel.ɪ.kət/ 1）表示“脆弱的；娇嫩的”，英文解释为“needing careful treatment, especially because easily damaged”举个🌰：Peaches have delicate skins which are easily bruised. 桃子的表皮很娇嫩，容易碰伤。
2）表示“需要小心处理的”，英文解释为“needing to be done carefully”举个🌰：Repairing damaged nerves is a very delicate operation/process. 修复受损神经的手术/过程需要非常小心谨慎。
📍a delicate situation, matter, point, etc. 表示“微妙的形势（问题，时刻等）”，英文解释为“a situation. matter, etc. that needs to be dealt with carefully in order to avoid trouble or offence”举个🌰：I need to speak to you about a delicate matter. 我要跟你谈一件很棘手的事情。
One of the times that artists may appear to not be performing live is when they use a performance track, which includes the instruments, backing vocals and hook vocals pre-recorded and playing in the background during a live show.
当歌手们在现场演出中使用包含乐器、伴唱和主旋律人声的伴奏时，可能就不像是在现场真唱。这些伴奏是预先录制的，在演出时会作为背景音播放。
track
作名词，1）表示“（录制在CD、唱片或磁带上的）一首歌曲; 一首乐曲”，英文解释为“A track is one of the songs or pieces of music on a CD, record, or tape.”举个🌰：I only like two of the ten tracks on this CD. 我只喜欢这张CD上的10首歌曲中的2首。
2）表示“音轨，声道”，英文解释为“a part of a magnetic strip onto which sound can be recorded, with several tracks on one magnetic strip”举个🌰：When a piece of music is recorded, each instrument is recorded separately on a 24 or 48–track tape. 录制音乐时，每一种乐器分别被录制在一盘24或48声道的磁带上。
📍周末多睡2小时抑郁风险降低48%文中作动词，1）表示“跟踪，追踪”，英文解释为“to follow a person or animal by looking for proof that they have been somewhere, or by using electronic equipment”；
2）表示“追踪，记录…的进展”，英文解释为“to record the progress or development of something over a period”举个🌰：We continued tracking the plane on our radar. 我们继续用雷达追踪那架飞机。
🎬 电影《博物馆奇妙夜3》（Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb）中的台词提到：You're sort of set up to track my phone? You track my phone? 你装定位追踪我的手机？你竟然追踪我的手机？
backing
backing /ˈbæk.ɪŋ/ 表示“（尤指流行音乐的）伴奏；伴唱”，英文解释为“music, singing or dancing that supports the main tune, performer, etc. ”如：a backing track 伴奏曲backing /ˈbæk.ɪŋ/ 表示“（尤指流行音乐的）伴奏；伴唱”，英文解释为“music, singing or dancing that supports the main tune, performer, etc. ”如：a backing track 伴奏曲。
vocal
vocal /ˈvəʊ.kəl/ 1）表示“喜欢畅所欲言的；直言不讳的；大声表达的”，英文解释为“often expressing opinions and complaints in speech”举个🌰：During these years, suffrage demands by women became increasingly vocal. 那些年，女性要求获得投票权的呼声越来越高。
2）表示“嗓音的；发声的”，英文解释为“connected with the voice”，如：vocal music 声乐。
3）作名词，通常复数，表示“（乐曲中的）歌唱部分，声乐部分”（the part of a piece of music that is sung, rather than played on a musical instrument），如：backing vocals 伴唱。
📍看过《乘风破浪的姐姐》的小伙伴应该对这个词很熟悉，所谓的“倭寇担当”，就是“vocal 担当”，vocal /ˈvəʊkl/ 真的不是读作“倭寇”。
📍Backing Vocals：伴唱通常是指在音乐作品中，除了主唱之外的背景歌声。这些声音通常用来增强歌曲的整体效果，提供和声或补充主唱部分。
📍Hook Vocals：主旋律部分通常是指歌曲中最引人注目、最容易记住的部分，通常是副歌（chorus）中的一部分。它被设计成易于记忆、朗朗上口，是歌曲的核心部分。
"So, when they go to perform it, they have the support of the stacks they recorded. They have the effects on the background vocals," Grammy-nominated recording and mix engineer Ariel Chobaz told ABC News' "20/20." "They're singing it on top. It's kind of like karaoke, in a way."
“所以，当他们在演出时，他们有之前录制好伴奏的支持。而其中的背景人声加入了音效处理，”格莱美提名录音和混音工程师阿里尔·乔巴兹（Ariel Chobaz）在接受ABC新闻“20/20”节目采访时说。“他们这样唱歌，在某种程度上，这有点像卡拉OK。”
stack
stack /stæk/ 作动词，1）表示“把…放成整齐的一摞；把…码成堆”，英文解释为“to arrange things in an ordered pile”举个🌰：Once the last few people had left the hall, the caretaker began stacking (up) the chairs. 最后几个人一离开大厅，看门人就开始把椅子摞起来。
2）表示“码放，摆放”，英文解释为“to fill something with objects”举个🌰：I got a job stacking shelves in a supermarket. 我在一家超市找到了一份在货架上码货的工作。
作名词，表示“（码放整齐的）堆，叠，摞”，英文解释为“a pile of things arranged one on top of another”举个🌰：He chose a cartoon from the stack of DVDs on the shelf. 他从架子上的一摞DVD中挑了盘卡通片。
📍在音乐制作领域，“stacks”通常指的是一系列重叠的声音轨道，尤其是在录制声音时，多个类似或相同的声部（如和声或主旋律）被叠加在一起以创造更丰富的声音效果。这种技术常用于增强录音的深度和动感，尤其是在流行音乐制作中。
mix
mix /mɪks/ 1）表示“混合；结合”，英文解释为“a combination”举个🌰：There was an odd mix of people at the party. 派对上有形形色色的人。
2）表示“（常为粉状的）配料，混合料”，英文解释为“something that is sold in the form of a powder to which a liquid, such as water, can be added later”如：cake/cement mix 蛋糕粉/水泥配料。
3）表示“混音，混录”，英文解释为“a version of a recorded piece of music”举个🌰：A new mix of their hit single is due to be released early next month. 他们热门单曲的新混音版唱片定于下月初发行。
People may think artists are lip-synching because they might see a section in the performance where the artist doesn't sing and hear all the vocals from the performance track.
人们可能会认为歌手们在假唱，因为他们可能在演出中看到歌手没有唱时却听到了伴奏中的人声。
"But those are what we consider background vocals that were left in on purpose," said Chobaz.
“但我们认为这些是故意留下的背景声，”乔巴兹说。
Chobaz, who has worked with Nicki Minaj and Rihanna, said singing completely live can sometimes be impossible, especially during live television events.
曾与妮琪·米娜（Nicki Minaj）和蕾哈娜（Rihanna）合作过的乔巴兹表示，完全现场真唱有时是不可能的，尤其是在电视直播活动中。
"I've been involved in some very big broadcast shows, like the Grammys and the American Music Awards, and the time schedule is so precise. It's physically not possible to mic an entire band for every segment that comes up," said Chobaz.
“我参与过一些大型直播节目，比如格莱美奖和全美音乐奖，时间安排非常精确。实际上要在每个环节都为整个乐队调整麦克风是不可能的，”乔巴兹说。
broadcast
broadcast表示“播送（电视或无线电节目）；广播”，英文解释为“to send out a programme on television or radio”举个🌰：The tennis championship is broadcast live to several different countries. 网球锦标赛向几个国家现场直播。
📍注：broadcast的过去式：broadcasted (美式) / broadcast 都可以。
mic
mic /maɪk/ microphone 的非正式说法，作名词，表示“扩音器，麦克风，话筒”。
📍作为动词，mic指的是给演出者或乐器安装或调整麦克风以便进行录音或放大声音。这通常是音乐表演或录音中的一个重要步骤，涉及到确保声音质量和平衡。
During such performances, the singer's microphone is still on. On the parts they're not confident on or if the performance is physically demanding, the artist will sing quieter, and more of the performance track vocals can be heard.
在这类演出中，歌手的麦克风仍然开着。在他们没有把握的部分或体力消耗较大的表演中，歌手会唱得更小声，这样就能听到更大的伴奏人声。
demanding
demanding /dɪˈmɑːn.dɪŋ/ 表示“费时费力的，耗费精力的”，英文解释为“needing a lot of time, attention, or energy”举个🌰：She's a very demanding child. 她是个特别不让人省心的孩子。
“I think there are times when artists are allowed a pass, because shows have become so gargantuan, in terms of production, and dancing, and spinning around on a trapeze,” Taylor said.
“考虑到演出制作规模庞大、舞蹈动作繁多，甚至有空中飞人表演，歌手们有时会被允许在某些方面放宽标准，”泰勒说。
gargantuan
gargantuan /ɡɑːˈɡæn.tʃu.ən/ 表示“巨大的，庞大的”，英文解释为“very large”如：a problem of gargantuan proportions 非常严重的问题
spin
作动词，表示“（使）（尤指快速）旋转”，英文解释为“to (cause to) turn around and around, especially fast”举个🌰：The earth spins on its axis. 地球绕地轴旋转。
作名词，表示“旋转；转动”，英文解释为“the movement of something turning round very quickly”举个🌰：I hit something on the road, which sent the car into a spin. 我轧到了路面上的什么东西，整个车直打转。
trapeze
trapeze /trəˈpiːz/ 表示“（杂技演员使用的）吊架，高空秋千”，英文解释为“a short bar hanging high up in the air from two ropes that acrobats use to perform special movements”举个🌰：A glamorous couple performed on the flying trapeze. 两位光彩夺目的艺人在飞荡着的高空秋千上表演。
There are very few artists who actually don't sing and completely lip-sync to a performance track that includes full lead vocals, according to Chobaz.
根据乔巴兹的说法，实际上不真唱而完全对着包含完整人声的伴奏假唱的歌手非常少。
In these instances, there may be outside issues beyond just being a bad singer, such as weather conditions, technical issues, or sickness.
在这种情况下，除了唱得不好之外，可能还有其他外部因素，比如天气条件、技术问题或生病。
"At the end of the day, when it's a big broadcast event, there's very little room for error, and sometimes the show has to go on," Chobaz said. "And even if a singer is sick, that might mean relying on the pre-recorded track."
“说到底，在大型直播活动中，几乎没有犯错的余地，有时演出必须继续，”乔巴兹说。“即使歌手生病，那也可能就意味着要依靠预先录制的伴奏了。”
at the end of the day
表示“最终；到头来；不管怎么说”，英文解释为“something that you say before you give the most important fact of a situation”举个🌰：Of course I'll listen to what she has to say but at the end of the day, it's my decision. 当然她要说什么我也会听，但最终还是我来作决定。
But even with technology and live-singing aids, Chobaz said, he can't fabricate the special quality that makes people stars.
但即使有技术和现场演唱辅助，乔巴兹表示，他也无法制造出让人成为明星的特殊品质。
fabricate
fabricate /ˈfæb.rɪ.keɪt/ 表示“捏造，虚构；伪造”，英文解释为“to invent or produce something false in order to deceive someone”举个🌰：He was late, so he fabricated an excuse to avoid trouble. 他迟到了，就编了个理由以免惹麻烦。
"So, if someone doesn't have that texture, that feeling, that emotion, no matter how much we tune it, it won't sound good. It'll sound terrible," Chobaz said.
“如果某人没有那种韵味、那种感觉、那种情感，不管我们怎么调音，听起来都不会好听。会听起来很糟糕，”乔巴兹说。
texture
texture 1）表示“（摸上去的）质地，质感，纹理”，英文解释为“The texture of something is the way that it feels when you touch it, for example how smooth or rough it is.”如：the soft texture of velvet 天鹅绒柔软的质地。
2）表示“（文章或音乐的）特色，韵味，格调”，英文解释为“the character of a piece of writing or music”举个🌰：The writing has a rich texture. 这篇作品韵味无穷。
tune
tune /tjuːn, tʃuːn/ 表示“为（乐器）调音（或定弦）”，英文解释为“to change a part of a musical instrument so that the instrument produces the correct sounds when played”举个🌰：Get into the habit of tuning your guitar every day before you practise. 要养成习惯，每天练习前都给吉他调一下音。
📍fine-tune /ˌfaɪnˈtʃuːn/ 表示“对…进行微调”，英文解释为“to make very small changes to something in order to make it work as well as possible”举个🌰：She spent hours fine-tuning her speech. 她花了好几个小时对自己的讲稿作细微的修改润饰。
"You have to have a certain quality of magic to really make it work."
“必须具有某种神奇的特质，才能真正让调音发挥作用。”
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