“中国发生战争”的说法已被写入恒大交易文件!
最近利用一大早起来的时间,看了市场上的一些交易文件,有个很有意思的发现。
大家也知道,交易文件里面很多条款的写法,是跟着各种情势变化的。
比如早几年里面,交易文件中,关于新冠疫情所带来的交易风险的分配和安排就几乎没有,而这几年疫情,交易中,几乎都放入了新冠疫情带来的风险和权利的分配条款。
而最近,在恒大新能源的一起交易中,双方在交易文件中,更是放入了“中国发生战争”的说法。
这是咋回事儿?
恒大新能源向一家公司发行了股票认购,在认购交易的协议条款里面,有常见的重大不利条款。
这个条款很常见,主要分配在交易过程中,交易双方因为目标资产、目标公司发生重大不利变化后,交易买方是否仍有义务交割的问题。这个交易重要机制的具体细节,校长在所写的书、文章和公众号里面,都有非常详细的介绍,不再赘述。
但是在恒大新能源和这家公司之间所签订的股票认购协议中,重大不利变化条款是这个样子的:
“Material Adverse Event”
means an event which, either alone or in conjunction with other events, (i)materially and adversely affects the ability of the Issuer and/or EvergrandeGroup to perform its obligations under this Agreement; or (ii) materially andadversely affects the Business, operations, assets, liabilities (includingcontingent liabilities), results of operations or financial condition of a GroupMember; or (iii) materially and adversely affects the qualification or abilityof a Group Member to operate and conduct its Business in the manner it iscurrently operating or conducting, other than any event arising out of (1)war or hostilities or any act of terrorism which occurs in PRC; (2) anygeneral and material change in the financial markets in Hong Kong, or anymaterial change in general economic, regulatory or political conditionswhich occurs in RPC due to policy impact; (3) any change having a general,material and adverse effect on the industry or market in which the Issuer is aplayer, which occurs in PRC; (4) requirements of changes in applicableaccounting standards or material changes in applicable Laws; (5) theinformation regarding the Issuer and/or Evergrande Group already disclosedin the Public Documents or the information regarding the Issuer and/orEvergrande Group already known to the Subscriber as referred to in theDisclosed Matters;
里面竟然把中国发生战争写得明明白白的作为重大不利事项的排除项,意思是如果中国发生战争,那么这起股票认购交易的买方是不能退出本次认购交易的。
以往交易文件里面,会大概的把战争、敌对和恐袭行为等作为重大不利事项的排除项,但是像这样直接明确指出在某个国家发生的战争情况,倒是并不常见。
我们说,交易文件的写法,是反映市场参与者对于可能的风险进行的承担和分配的。回头看这个写法,至少交易双方认为这个“中国发生战争”在逻辑上是可能出现的事件。
很有意思的一个写法!
大家可以观察,未来在交易文件里面,这个(1)war or hostilities or any act of terrorism which occurs in PRC的写法会不会更多的在市场上出现。