西野编译局 | 为什么许多西方人不喜欢中国人？
非常好的问题。
马太福音，圣经新约，第七章，第十五条
"Watch out for false prophets. They come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ferocious wolves.”
“小心假先知他们穿着羊皮来到你身边，但在内心深处，他们是凶猛的狼。”
I think the question is correct. Most countries and people in most countries don't particularly like China. Being Chinese, there is no need to deny it.
我认为这个问题确实存在大多数国家和他们的人民都不是特别喜欢中国。作为中国人，没有必要否认它。
But has China ever had good relationships with large countries in the world? Yes, it has, and even "very good" relationships.
但中国是否曾与世界上的大国有着良好的关系？是的，有，甚至是“非常好的”关系。
让我给你举几个例子：
第一个例子，洋务运动——清朝的中国
The Westernization Movement was an activity of learning science and technology from the West in the Qing Dynasty of China from the 1860' s to the 1890' s. During that period, with the help of western countries, the Qing Dynasty established western-style enterprises, western-style troops, sent overseas students, built railways, translated western secretaries, and set up telegrams. It can be said that the West has helped China in many ways.
洋务运动是1860年代到1890年代中国清朝从西方学习科学技术的运动，在那段时间里，在西方国家的帮助下，清朝建立了西式企业、西式军队、派遣留学生、修建铁路、翻译西方文献、设置电报。可以说，西方在许多方面帮助了中国。
但是，为什么？
It is necessary to study history coherently. If you only look at one point, you will not be able to understand the whole situation.
历史要串起来看。管中窥豹，可见一斑。
The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Uprising, the largest peasant uprising in Chinese history, broke out in China from 1850 to 1860.
太平天国起义是中国历史上最大的农民起义，从1850年到1860年在中国爆发。
The red area indicates the area where the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is active. It is not difficult to find that the area where the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is active is the most developed and rich area in China.
红色区域表示太平天国活跃的区域。不难发现，太平天国活动的地区是中国最发达、最富有的地区。
Did western governments like the Qing Dynasty? Of course, they liked it very much. The Qing Dynasty didn't have any power to confront the West, and it would satisfy a series of excessive conditions of the West, such as compensation and land divisions into areas of influence. Moreover, the Qing Dynasty strongly suppressed its people, and many Chinese people who are dissatisfied with the West would have been strongly suppressed by the Qing Dynasty.
In order to maintain its own rule, the Qing Dynasty became the representative government of the West in China.So why wouldn't the West like the Qing Dynasty? The West did not support the end of the Qing Dynasty, and tried its best to support the Qing Dynasty.
西方政府喜欢清朝吗？当然，他们非常喜欢。清朝没有任何力量对抗西方，它将满足西方的一系列无理条件，如赔偿和划分势力范围。此外，清朝大力镇压其人民，许多不满西方的中国人将受到清朝的强烈镇压。 为了维护自己的统治，清朝成为西方在华的代言人。所以西方有什么理由不喜欢清朝呢？西方不希望清朝统治瓦解，并尽力支持清朝。
Before the Westernization Movement in the Qing Dynasty, there was a war to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. How tragic is the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom? Let's look at a number. On the eve of the outbreak of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (1851), China's population was 430 million.
After the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (1863), China's population was only 230 million. A peasant war cost China 200 million people, of which only 40 million died directly in the war. Later, it was not until 1911 that the national population recovered to 340 million.
在清朝洋务运动之前，有一场镇压太平天国的战争。太平天国运动带来的损失有多大？让我们看看一个数字。在太平天国爆发前夕（1851年），中国人口为4.3亿。 太平天国（1863年）失败后，中国的人口只有2.3亿。一场农民战争使中国损失了2亿人，其中只有4000万人直接死于战争。后来，直到1911年，全国人口才恢复到3.4亿。
The West once wanted to support the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Why? Because the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom believes in Christianity, but this is Christianity changed by the leadership of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The leader of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom thinks he is the son of God.
Isn't God's son Jesus? Do you think Westerners who respect the Bible will support this regime?
Of course, this is not the main reason. The main reason is that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is against the West. The Qing government is the representative government of the West, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is against the West. If you were the leader of western countries, whom would you support?
西方曾经想支持太平天国。为什么？因为太平天国相信基督教，但这是被太平天国的领导人篡改过的基督教。太平天国的领袖认为他是上帝的儿子。 上帝的儿子不是耶稣吗？你认为尊重圣经的西方人会支持这个政权吗？ 当然，这还不是主要原因。主要原因是太平天国反对西方。清政府是西方的代言人，太平天国是反对西方的。如果你是西方国家的领导人，你会支持谁？
In order to maintain its rule, the Qing Dynasty would have to lose 200 million people. Do you think western governments have the ability to kill or otherwise incapacitate 200 million people at that time? Would it not be very cost-effective to support the acting government of the Qing Dynasty?
为了维护统治，清朝镇压并杀死了2亿人。你认为当时西方政府有能力杀死或以其他方式使2亿人丧生吗？支持清政府难道不是一个划算的决定吗？
因此，为了防止清朝灭亡，为清军镇压农民起义提供先进的军事装备是非常有必要的。
在这种情况下，西方将援助中国。
第二个例子，国民党时代的中国
One of the primary differences between China in the Kuomintang era and the Qing Dynasty was that the cue or queue was cut off. During the Qing Dynasty, due to Manchu rule, all Chinese men needed to bear a queue behind their heads. Apart from cutting of the queue, there were few important differences in the ground between the Kuomintang and the Qing Dynasty.
中国在国民党时代和清朝的主要区别之一是辫子被剪了。在清朝，由于满族的统治需要，所有的中国男人都需要在他们的头后面留辫子。除了剪掉辫子外，国民党和清朝没有什么特别大的区别。
The Japanese invaded Northeast China, principly Manchuria, and established the puppet state of Manchukuo, undermining the Kuomintang government;
日本入侵中国东北，主要是满洲，建立了伪满洲国，破坏了国民党政府的统治；
日本人在中国山东省屠杀中国人；
日本人要求中国军队离开河北省。
The Japanese carried out the Nanjing Massacre in the Kuomintang capital, but the Kuomintang did not declare war.
日本人在国民党首都进行南京大屠杀，但国民党没有对日本宣战。
The Kuomintang declared war on Japan when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in the United States! This kind of government is more corrupt and worse than was the Qing Dynasty!
直到日本偷袭美国珍珠港时，国民党政府才开始向日本宣战！这种政府比起清朝政府来要更腐败，更糟！
At the time, did the western government have a good relationship with China? Very good.
在当时，西方政府与中国有很好的关系吗？非常好。
The Kuomintang could buy whatever weaponry it should want, principly from either (Nazi) Germany or from the US Americans. In the later period, the US government gave free weapons to the Kuomintang troops. The US government gave the Kuomintang almost everything it needed.
国民党可以购买任何它应该想要的武器，主要是从（纳粹）德国或美国购买。在后期，美国政府向国民党军队提供了免费武器。美国政府给了国民党几乎它所需要的一切。
但是，为什么？
Despite having Westernised, Japan bore a significant difference from countries of the West. What western countries wanted to invade China for was for nothing more than money. This differed from the goals of fellow Eastern countries like Japan and Russia.
Russia wanted warm ports and ocean access and Japan wanted China to become a part of Japan in completeness. China is very big and rich in resources. What was more frightening to the West was that there are many Chinese people and should Japan completely conquer China, Japan could easily organize an army of millions of people.
The Chinese were regarded as animals by the Japanese; and they don't worry about dying, but which western country wants to confront an army of millions of people? In the Pacific battlefield, as long as one has control of the sea, it could act unimpeded. At the time, China didn't even have a decent road, and many people might end up on the road. I
t might have been even more difficult to conquer China than to conquer Afghanistan today. Thus, was it not more cost-effective for the West to sacrifice millions of lives of it's own to fight against Japan and support the Kuomintang to against Japan?
尽管日本已经西化，但与西方国家有着显著的差异。西方国家想要入侵中国的目的无非是为了钱。这与日本和俄罗斯等东方国家的目标不同。 俄罗斯想要不冻港和海洋通道，日本希望中国完全成为日本的附庸。中国很大，资源丰富。对西方来说，更可怕的是，有许多中国人，如果日本完全征服中国，日本可以很容易地组织一支数百万人的军队。 中国人被日本人视为动物，他们并不害怕死亡，但哪个西方国家想对抗数百万人的军队？在太平洋战场上，只要一个国家控制了海洋，它就可以畅通无阻。当时，中国甚至没有一条像样的道路，很多人可能就死在道路两边。 战胜当时的中国有可能要比今天战胜阿富汗更困难。因此，西方支持国民党对抗日本，比起牺牲自己的数百万生命来对抗日本，难道不更具成本效益吗？
The liberation war broke out in China from 1946 to 1949. The U.S. government provided almost all weapons and equipment, heavy artillery, heavy tanks, fighter planes, bomber planes, ammunition, and food to the Kuomintang — free of charge. The US government even sent its own navy to help the Kuomintang transport troops.
This was exceedingly beneficial for the Kuomintang government. It could be said that the US government provided everything the Kuomintang might need. Later, the United States even provided military expenses directly to the Kuomintang!
一九四六年至一九四九年，中国爆发解放战争，美国政府向国民党免费提供了几乎所有的武器装备、重炮、重坦克、战斗机、轰炸机、弹药和食物。美国政府甚至派出自己的海军帮助国民党运输部队。 给了国民党政府极大的帮助。可以说，美国政府提供了国民党可能需要的一切。后来，美国甚至直接向国民党提供军费。
但是，为什么要这样做呢？
In late World War II, the United States and Britain had seen the strength and fearless bravery of the Soviet Red Army. The United States and Britain were very worried that China might become a communist country. By that time, the U.S. government would be facing not only the Soviet Union but also Communist China.
The U.S. government would not let the Japanese occupy all of China, and the U.S. government did not want to see China become a communist competitor, a potential enemy. The US government then of course vigorously aided and supported the Kuomintang.
在二战后期，美国和英国看到了苏联红军的力量和无畏的勇气。美国和英国非常担心中国可能成为共产主义国家。届时，美国政府将不仅面对苏联，而且面对共产主义中国。 美国政府不会让日本人占领整个中国，美国政府自然也不想看到中国成为共产主义竞争对手，成为一个潜在的敌人。所以美国政府当时当然会大力援助和支持国民党。
第三个例子，中华人民共和国时代的中国
Communist China has also had the support of many countries in the past 70 years.
在过去的70年里，共产主义中国也得到了许多国家的支持。
The Soviet Union once aided 156 industrial projects in China. The content of the project can be said to be all-encompassing, from military factories to power stations, to iron and steel enterprises. It can be said that China's industrial base today was built with the help of the Soviets. Without the Soviet Union, China could not have achieved what it has achieved today.
苏联曾经在中国资助了156个工业项目。该项目的内容可以说是包罗万象的，从军事工厂到发电站，再到钢铁企业。可以说，中国今天的工业基地是在苏联的帮助下建立的。没有苏联，中国就不可能实现今天的成就。
但是，为什么？
China was directly facing the Kuomintang (today's Taiwan), South Korea and Japan. They were all allies to or supported by the United States. The existence of a communist China however could alleviate the pressure on the Soviet Union in the Far East with the Soviet Union, at that time, focused on Europe. In addition, the Soviet Union was not an imperialist country and was willing to help other communist countries. The Soviet Union would not have otherwise helped China develop nuclear weapons.
中国直接面对国民党（今天的台湾）、韩国和日本。他们都是美国的盟友或被美国支持。然而，共产主义中国的存在可以减轻苏联在远东的压力，当时苏联专注于欧洲。此外，苏联不是帝国主义国家，愿意帮助其他共产主义国家。但苏联绝不会帮助中国发展核武器。
In the 1970s, the relationship between China and the Soviet Union would brake down. The Soviet Union would withdraw all the experts who supported the development of China and would deploy millions of troops on the borders betwixt Mongolia, China and the Soviet Union. At this time, China and the United States established diplomatic relations, and after China and the United States established diplomatic relations, China and Japan established diplomatic relations.
China then received a lot of support from the United States. The United States has since sold a large number of advanced weaponry and technologies to China. For example, the Black Hawk helicopter still in use in China began to be sold to China by the United States at that time. People born in the 1980s are very familiar with Japanese electronic products, by brands such as Sony, Panasonic, Toshiba, Hitachi, and so on. It was around this time that China began to send students overseas to the United States.
在20世纪70年代，中国和苏联之间的关系变紧张。苏联撤回所有支持中国发展的专家，并将在蒙古、中国和苏联之间的边界部署数百万军队。此时，中国和美国建立了外交关系，在中国和美国建立外交关系后，中国和日本建立了外交关系。 然后，中国得到了美国的大量支持。此后，美国向中国出售了大量先进的武器和技术。例如，当时美国开始将还在中国使用的黑鹰直升机卖给中国。上世纪80年代出生的人非常熟悉日本的电子产品，包括索尼、松下、东芝、日立等品牌。大约在这个时候，中国开始送留学生到美国。
但，这又是为什么呢？
In the 1970s, the Soviet Union reached the peak of the Cold War. The United States was unable to cope with the Vietnam War, and the American people at home began to demonstrate actively against the war. The Soviet Union reached the peak of its military strength in the 1980s.
Both nuclear weaponry and conventional military forces surpassed the United States. NATO at the time was deeply shocked by the progress of Soviet military exercises. When the US military was not enough to suppress the Soviet Union, an otherwise isolated China became an important force in attempts at containing the Soviet Union.
As well, instead of confronting the Soviet Union directly, it would be better to have China towards the front lines, akin to the US experience in WWII Europe where the US played a more supporting role away from the action. The US government decided to provide China with various technologies, and weaponry. Even the US could become allies with Communist China when presented with a more daunting foe.
在20世纪70年代，苏联的国力达到了冷战时期的顶峰。美国无法应付越南战争，美国国内的人民开始积极地反对这场战争。苏联在80年代达到了军事实力的顶峰。 核武器和常规军事力量都超过了美国。北约当时对苏联军事演习的进展深感震惊。当美国军队不足以镇压苏联时，一个原本孤立的中国成为可能遏制苏联的重要力量。 此外，与其直接对抗苏联，不如让中国走在前线，就像美国在二战欧洲的经验一样，在二战中，美国在行动之外更多发挥了支持的作用。美国政府决定向中国提供各种技术和武器。当它面临一个更令人望而生畏的敌人时，即使是美国也可能成为共产主义中国的朋友。
第四个例子，现在的中国。
Following internal coups and the subsequent disintegration of the Soviet Union, the relationship between the United States and China quickly became cold. When the common foe disappeared, the significance of the alliance's existence disappeared. It's akin to how the United States and the Soviet Union once formed an alliance against Nazi Germany and the Japanese Empire. When Nazi Germany and the Japanese Empire collapsed, the Iron Curtain appeared, as did NATO and the Warsaw Pact, strongly dividing the East and the West.
在内部政变和随后的苏联解体之后，美国和中国之间的关系冷淡。当共同敌人消失时，联盟存在的意义就消失了。这类似于美国和苏联曾经如何结成联盟，反对纳粹德国和日本帝国。当纳粹德国和日本帝国崩溃时，铁幕出现了，北约和华沙条约也出现了，严重分裂了东西方。
Today's China has inevitably become the biggest threat to the United States and it has been reasonable for the United States to make such a judgment. Technology and weaponry that were sold to the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China were only used, respectively, by the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. Communist China has been more careful, and dismantled and studied all materials carefully. The PRC produces scientific research institutions and it's own factories.
When Russia planned to sell aircraft carriers to China, skilled Chinese workers went in and studied and recorded it studiously, and even went in to see the internal structure of the aircraft carrier — in the middle of the night. Indeed, there is a certain basis to think that Chinese people can learn from shared goods and technologies.
今天的中国不可避免地成为对美国的最大威胁，美国做出这样的判断是合理的。卖给清朝和中华人民共和国的技术和武器只分别被清朝和中华民国使用。共产主义中国更加小心了，仔细地拆除和研究了所有的材料。中华人民共和国创建自己的科研机构和自己的工厂。 当俄罗斯计划向中国出售航空母舰时，中国的技术人员走进航母，认真地研究和记录了它，甚至在半夜去看航空母舰的内部结构。确实，有一定的根据认为中国人可以从与他们分享的商品和技术中学习。
A country that treats science and the innovations of the world rigorously and seriously, a country that has been beaten for more than 100 years, and a country that deeply understands the importance of political systems will become a very fiercesome opponent and a very terrible opponent if not quickly weeded out.
一个严格认真地对待科学和世界创新的国家，一个拥有百年屈辱国家，一个深刻理解政治制度重要性的国家，如果不迅速被消灭，将成为一个非常激烈的对手和一个非常可怕的对手。
Today China has few friends, so there is no need to question this question. Few countries or people would seek to show great generosity to China. Even while China does nothing, many will remain hostile towards it. But on the other hand, does China need many friends? If you don't have the will to struggle, and the determination to sacrifice, why should other nations help you?
今天中国的朋友很少，因此没有必要质疑这个问题。很少有国家或人民会保持对中国强烈的善意。即使中国什么也不做，许多人也会对它保持敌意。但另一方面，中国需要很多朋友吗？如果你没有斗争的意志和牺牲的决心，为什么其他国家要帮助你？
You can't rely fully on anyone but yourself. Everything comes at a price.
你不能完全依赖任何人，除了你自己。一切都是有代价的。
马太福音，圣经新约，第七章，第十五条
"Watch out for false prophets. They come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ferocious wolves.”
“小心假先知。他们穿着羊皮来到你身边，但在内心深处，他们是凶猛的狼。”
编按
作者在开头和结尾引用《圣经》的内容，实乃“以子之矛攻子之盾”。这个回答一出也是受到了Quora网友的好评与关注，截至目前这篇回答已经有一万四千多的浏览量和两百多次的点赞。
这位网友直言：“写得好！”
这位网友进一步分析道：“白人有一种复杂的‘救世主’情节，这是他们从基督教中得来的。他们认为他们在道德上高高在上，需要去拯救他人。这也是为什么他们总是看不起其他民族却又总想扮演救世主的角色。”这分析妙啊！西方根本没法凌驾于其他民族之上，其他民族也不需要西方来拯救，只有人民自己解放自己，人民创造历史！
这位有近百万浏览量的大佬写道：“中国有十亿人。任何一个国家和他们的盟友加起来也没有十亿人。中国只和他们的贸易伙伴发展经济就行了，不需要‘盟友’”。
这位来自台湾的网友回复道：“无论如何国家没有所谓的朋友可言。他们所拥有的之上只是暂时利益一致的盟友。”
这位大V称赞并提出了一些修改意见：“这是我从未想到过的关于中国现代历史的有趣的视角。谢谢您！请允许我提一个编辑建议，如果您用‘queue’代替‘whip to’来说明清朝的辫子，会更容易让英语读者理解。”
本文的答主也对这位读者表示了感谢，并且采纳了他的建议。
人人生而平等，各个国家直接也应该是相互平等，彼此尊重、理解、沟通，而不是戴着有色眼镜，在两国人民之间制造隔阂。希望有越来越多的像这位答主一样的理性声音，让世界了解一个真实、客观的中国。
我们期待在Quora上看到更多这样优秀的文章看到更多这样理性的思考和交流
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