中印文化有哪些相通之处？
以中印为方法 以世界为目的
From China and India
to the world as a whole
文/胡娟
By Hu Juan
在整个世界文明史上，中国文化和印度文化都充当着不可忽略的、具有重大影响的文明之源。
Throughout the history of human civilization, Chinese and Indian cultures have played a significant role by providing endless inspiration for civilizational development.
中印作为文化源远流长、灿烂辉煌的文明古国，在近代都蒙受了西方的殖民和侵略，经历了相似的国家蒙辱、人民蒙难、文明蒙尘的近代史。随着中印两国的复兴、亚洲世纪的到来，中印传统文化也应该重新回到世界舞台的中央，为亚洲价值观增砖添瓦。
China and India are ancient civilizations with splendid cultures. In early modern times, both countries suffered Western colonization and invasion, and their peoples underwent similar national humiliation and civilizational destruction. With the rise of China and India and the advent of the Asian Century, their traditional cultures should return to the center stage of the world and contribute to reshaping the Asian values.
知名学者郑永年曾指出，“中国那么大的一个国家，而且是基于文明之上的国家，很难像一些非西方的小国那样，用西方的话语来打扮自己。”中华文明的传播，对世界文明发展产生过重要影响，作为世界四大文明古国之一的印度亦是如此。
"As a big country based on its own civilization, it is hard for China to ‘decorate’ itself with Western discourse like some non-Western small nations did," eminent scholar Zheng Yongnian once said. Historically, the spread of Chinese civilization exerted substantial influence on the development of world civilization, as did Indian civilization.
印度在历史上创造了灿烂的文化，对世界文明作出了不可替代的贡献，印度的传统文化对南亚以及东南亚等周边国家和地区也产生了极其深远的影响。中印两国优秀的传统文化为亚洲价值观的形成提供了基础。
India created brilliant culture and made irreplaceable contributions to the advancement of human civilization. Particularly, its traditional culture cast far-reaching influence on its neighbors in South Asia and Southeast Asia. The fine traditional cultures of China and India laid the foundation for shaping Asian values.
2018年1月25日，《神秘巨星》片方在北京举行座谈会。图为《神秘巨星》主演阿米尔·汗和中文主题曲的演唱者黄渤在现场互动。（图片来源于网络）
中印文化有许多相通、相融之处。虽然印度从政治经济到日常生活方式都留下了西化的痕迹，但印度文化是多元的，在强调集体主义、重视家庭伦理和尊重传统方面，中印作为亚洲国家有更多共同语言。在中国大火的印度电影《神秘巨星》《摔跤吧！爸爸》《起跑线》等，说明在东方人的家庭观、教育观、价值观上两国人民更能产生情感共鸣。
Chinese and Indian cultures share many similarities. Despite Western influence on India’s politics, economics, and lifestyles in modern times, Indian culture retains considerable diversity. Chinese and Indian societies both place high priority on collectivism, family, and traditions. The popularity of Indian movies Dangal, Secret Superstar, and Hindi Medium in China indicates resonance of attitudes toward family and education as well as ethical values.
东方人不相信西方人习以为常的极端个人主义，东方人重视教育、主张储蓄和节俭、重视家庭和亲情、认为勤劳是美德等观念上的相似性，正是中印培育文化认同、价值观认同的基础。中国文化注重人与自然和谐相处、天人合一，印度“梵我一如”同样也强调人与自然的协调。中印传统文化都强调人类与自然的和谐关系，提倡为人类社会的可持续发展创造和谐的自然环境，这也许能给今天的全球化问题带来启发。
Unlike Westerners who uphold individualism, Easterners emphasize education and kinship and consider frugality and diligence virtues. This is the foundation of the similarities in culture and values between China and India. Traditional Chinese culture and philosophy advocate harmony between human and nature, and the Indian philosophical idea of "Brahmatmaikyam" also calls for the unity of man and nature. Both traditional Chinese and Indian cultures suggest harmonious coexistence between human and nature and advocate that a balanced natural environment is necessary for a harmonious, sustainable human society. Such ideas may provide inspiration for tackling the challenges of globalization we face today.
在面临着百年未有之大变局的今天，我们要重新注重挖掘亚洲国家传统文化中具有永恒价值的部分，真正重新建立亚洲国家的文化自信，让东方文化散发时代魅力。在21世纪的今天，中印作为亚洲世纪的引领者和开创者，应该联手开创一种独具特色的新亚洲模式，为亚洲价值观注入新的时代意义。
In the face of unprecedented changes, we need to rediscover the essence and eternal value of traditional cultures of all Asian countries, rebuild cultural confidence among Asian nations, and empower Eastern culture to radiate again in the new era. As the leaders and guides of building the 21st century as Asia's, China and India should join hands to create a new, distinctive Asian model and inject new connotations into Asian values.
本文作者为云南省社科院南亚研究所研究员、博士。
The author is a research fellow and Ph.D. at the Institute of South Asian Studies under the Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences.
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