Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年首期专辑：“自主神经调控”

自主神经系统（Autonomic Nervous System，ANS）是指调节内脏功能活动的神经系统，又称内脏神经系统，如控制心率、血压、呼吸、胃肠道的收缩和胃液分泌，以及身体体液和电解质的动态平衡。目前有关自身系统功能异常或病理/生理状态下神经病变的相关研究，如高血压、心脏衰竭、体位性低血压、卒中、缺氧、睡眠呼吸暂停、糖尿病及代谢异常等，均被发现是由自主神经系统功能发生异变导致的自主神经疾病。然而，对于自主神经在病理状态下的调控机理尚未完全阐明。

2月1日，Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第一期在国内首次在线出版了由美国密歇根理工大学（Michigan Technological University）运动机能学与整合生理学系的陈庆辉博士组织的“自主神经调控”专辑，旨在探索自主神经参与的病理学发生机制和干预手段，本专辑共收录论文17篇。

高血压（Hypertension）是严重的心血管疾病，本期相关论文探讨了自发性高血压、盐敏感性高血压及肥胖相关的高血压[1-5]的自主神经调控机制；动脉压力反射性异常（Arterial Baroreflex Impairment）是本期发表相关论文的另一部分重要内容，动脉压力反射功能异常被揭示与心血管疾病及糖尿病的预测和死亡率相关[6-10]。除上述两个疾病外，本期还刊发了有关自主神经系统在体位性不耐受（Orthostatic intolerance）（参考文献11）、肠激综合症的内脏疼痛（Visceralpain with irritable bowel syndrome）[12]、炎症性肠病（Inflammatory bowel disease）[13]、糖尿病（Diabetes）[14]及脑卒中（Cerebral stroke）[15]中调控作用的研究论文。

本专辑还刊发了两篇特邀综述论文（invited review articles）[16，17]，阐释了自主神经系统功能及异常相关研究的最新进展，为解译复杂的自主神经系统网络提供了潜在的创新方案和策略。

欲知本专辑的详细内容，请点击以下“阅读原文”或扫描下列二维码查阅全文。

[1] Zhou JJ, Ma HJ, Shao JY, Pan HL, Li DP. Impaired Hypothalamic Regulation of Sympathetic Outflow in Primary Hypertension. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 124-132.

[2] Yu XJ, Zhao YN, Hou YK, Li HB, Xia WJ, Gao HL, et al. Chronic Intracerebroventricular Infusion of Metformin Inhibits Salt-Sensitive Hypertension via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Neurohormonal Excitation in Rat Paraventricular Nucleus. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 57-66.

[3] Yu XJ, Miao YW, Li HB, Su Q, Liu KL, Fu LY, et al. Blockade of Endogenous Angiotensin-(1-7) in Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Attenuates High Salt-Induced Sympathoexcitation and Hypertension. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 47-56.

[4] Sun J, Ren XS, Kang Y, Dai HB, Ding L, Tong N, et al. Intermedin in Paraventricular Nucleus Attenuates Sympathoexcitation and Decreases TLR4-Mediated Sympathetic Activation via Adrenomedullin Receptors in Rats with Obesity-Related Hypertension. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 34-46.

[5] Deng Y, Tan X, Li ML, Wang WZ, Wang YK. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Regulates Cholinergic Signaling and Cardiovascular and Sympathetic Responses in Hypertensive Rats. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 67-78.

[6] Tu H, Zhang D, Li YL. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Arterial Baroreceptor Remodeling in Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes. Neurosci Bull 2018, 98-112.

[7] Li N, Guan Y, Tian YM, Ma HJ, Zhang XJ, Zhang Y, Wang S Chronic Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Ameliorates Renal Vascular Hypertension Through Up-regulating NOS in Nucleus Tractus Solitarii. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 79-90.

[8] Guan J, Zhao M, He C, Li X, Li Y, Sun J, et al. Anti-Hypertensive Action of Fenofibrate via UCP2 Upregulation Mediated by PPAR Activation in Baroreflex Afferent Pathway. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 15-24.

[9] Chen J, Gu H, Wurster RD, Cheng Z. Baroreflex Control of Heart Rate in Mice Overexpressing Human SOD1: Functional Changes in Central and Vagal Efferent Components. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 91-97.

[10] Liu L, Zhao M, Yu X, Zang W. Pharmacological Modulation of Vagal Nerve Activity in Cardiovascular Diseases. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 156–166.

[11] Quan W, Wang Y, Chen S, Du J. Orthostatic Intolerance and Coagulation Abnormalities: An Update. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 171-177.

[12] Du WJ, Hu S, Li X, Zhang PA, Jiang X, Yu SP, et al. Neonatal Maternal Deprivation Followed by Adult Stress Enhances Adrenergic Signaling to Advance Visceral Hypersensitivity. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 4-14.

[13] Wang XY, Qu M, Duan R, Shi D, Jin L, Gao J, et al. Cytoprotective Mechanism of the Novel Gastric Peptide BPC157 in Gastrointestinal Tract and Cultured Enteric Neurons and Glial Cells. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 167-170.

[14] Yang X, Xu W, Zhu Y, Deng H, Tan Y, Zeng L, et al. Decreased beta-Cell Function is Associated with Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Chinese Patients Newly Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 25-33.

[15] Mo J, Huang L, Peng J, Ocak U, Zhang J, Zhang JH. Autonomic Disturbances in Acute Cerebrovascular Disease. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 133-144.

[16] Liu DS, Xu TL. Cell-Type Identification in the Autonomic Nervous System. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 145-155.

[17] Mukerjee S, Lazartigues E. Next-Generation Tools to Study in Vivo Autonomic Regualtion. Neurosci Bull 2018, 35: 113-123.

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