几年前，我做了一些非常勇敢的事，或许有些人会说是很愚蠢的事。我参选了国会议员。
For years, I had existed safely behind the scenes in politics as a fundraiser, as an organizer, but in my heart, I always wanted to run. The sitting congresswoman had been in my district since 1992. She had never lost a race, and no one had really even run against her in a Democratic primary. But in my mind, this was my way to make a difference, to disrupt the status quo. The polls, however, told a very different story. My pollsters told me that I was crazy to run, that there was no way that I could win.
很多年来，我安全地存在于政治活动背后，作为资金筹集人，作为组织者，但在我心中，我却一直希望参选。我们选区在任的国会议员女士从1992年起担任这个职务。她从未输过一场选战，没有人真正地在民主选举中与她竞争过。但在我心中，参选议员就是我创造不同、改变现状的方式。然而，民意调查显示出完全不同的事实。我的民调专家告诉我，我要参选简直疯了，我不可能有机会赢。
But I ran anyway, and in 2012, I became an upstart in a New York City congressional race. I swore I was going to win. I had the endorsement from the New York Daily News, the Wall Street Journal snapped pictures of me on election day, and CNBC called it one of the hottest races in the country. I raised money from everyone I knew, including Indian aunties that were just so happy an Indian girl was running. But on election day, the polls were right, and I only got 19 percent of the vote, and the same papers that said I was a rising political star now said I wasted 1.3 million dollars on 6,321 votes. Don't do the math. It was humiliating.
但我还是参选了,在2012年,我成了纽约市国会竞选中崛起的新秀。我发誓我会赢。我得到了《纽约每日新闻》的认可，《华尔街日报》刊登了我在选举日的照片，美国全国广播公司财经频道称之为“全国范围内最热的选战”。我从我认识的每个人那里筹钱，包括印度阿姨们，她们很高兴一个印度女生参选。但在选举当日，民调是对的，我只拿到了19%的选票，那张曾称我为新兴政治明星的报纸现在却说我在6321张选票上浪费了130万美金。不要算数字，太丢脸了。
Now, before you get the wrong idea, this is not a talk about the importance of failure. Nor is it about leaning in. I tell you the story of how I ran for Congress because I was 33 years old and it was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave, where I didn't worry about being perfect.
现在，在你们得到错误观点前，我要说，这不是一个讲述失败有多重要的演讲，也不是说女孩要向前一步。 我讲述的故事是关于我如何参选国会议员的，因为当时我33岁，而这是我人生中第一次做出真正勇敢的事，没有担心是否完美。
And I'm not alone: so many women I talk to tell me that they gravitate towards careers and professions that they know they're going to be great in, that they know they're going to be perfect in, and it's no wonder why. Most girls are taught to avoid risk and failure. We're taught to smile pretty, play it safe, get all A's. Boys, on the other hand, are taught to play rough, swing high, crawl to the top of the monkey bars and then just jump off headfirst. And by the time they're adults, whether they're negotiating a raise or even asking someone out on a date, they're habituated to take risk after risk. They're rewarded for it. It's often said in Silicon Valley, no one even takes you seriously unless you've had two failed start-ups.In other words,we're raising our girls to be perfect, and we're raising our boys to be brave.
然而我并不是一个人：许多女士曾告诉我，那些她们所向往的职业是多么吸引人，她们知道她们会做得很好，她们知道她们会非常完美，这不足为奇。绝大多数的女孩都被教育要规避风险和失败。我们被教育要礼貌微笑，不要冒险，课程拿全A。男孩们，恰恰相反，被教育要更加勇猛，冲击更高的目标，爬上单杠最高的那层然后往下跳。当他们成大成人，无论他们是在谈判加薪或是约某人出去玩，他们习惯于接受一个又一个挑战。他们也为此得到回报。在矽谷有这样的说法，除非你创业失败两次以上，否则没人会把你当回事。换句话说，我们教育女孩子们去追求完美， 我们教育男孩子们要勇敢。
Some people worry about our federal deficit, but I, I worry about our bravery deficit. Our economy, our society, we're just losing out because we're not raising our girls to be brave. The bravery deficit is why women are underrepresented in STEM, in C-suites, in boardrooms, in Congress, and pretty much everywhere you look.
有些人担心我们的联邦赤字，但是，我更担心我们的勇气赤字。我们的经济，我们的社会，正在遭受损失，因为我们没有教育女孩子们要勇敢。为什么女性在科学技术工程数学（STEM）领域，在企业高管层，在董事会，在国会，在你所看到的任何地方都明显人数不足，勇气赤字就是原因。
In the 1980s, psychologist Carol Dweck looked at how bright fifth graders handled an assignment that was too difficult for them. She found
that bright girls were quick to give up. The higher the IQ, the more likely they were to give up. Bright boys, on the other hand, found the difficult material to be a challenge. They found it energizing. They were more likely to redouble their efforts.
在1980年代，心理学家Carol Dweck观察研究了五年级学生如何处理一项对他们来说很困难的作业。她发现，聪明的女孩们很快就放弃了。智商越高的女孩，放弃的可能性越大。男孩们则将难题视为一个挑战。他们为此精力充沛，他们更倾向于双倍努力。
What's going on? Well, at the fifth grade level, girls routinely outperform boys in every subject, including math and science, so it's not a question of ability. The difference is in how boys and girls approach a challenge. And it doesn't just end in fifth grade. An HP report found that men will apply for a job if they meet only 60 percent of the qualifications, but women, women will apply only if they meet 100 percent of the qualifications. 100 percent. This study is usually invoked as evidence that, well, women need a little more confidence. But I think it's evidence that women have been socialized to aspire to perfection, and they're overly cautious.
发生了什么？嗯，在五年级，各个学科中女孩的表现总的来说比男孩都要好， 包括数学和科学，所以这不是能力的问题。不同点在于男孩和女孩如何面对挑战。这不止于五年级。一份惠普报告指出，男性如果达到了招聘要求的60%，就会去申请职位，而女性只有在100%达到招聘要求的时候才会递出申请。百分之百。这份研究通常会被作为证据来说明，女性需要更多的自信。但我认为这是在说明女性在社会中被固化为一定要追求完美，她们太过谨慎了。
And even when we're ambitious, even when we're leaning in, that socialization of perfection has caused us to take less risks in our careers. And so those 600,000 jobs that are open right now in computing and tech, women are being left behind,and it means our economy is being left behind on all the innovation and problems women would solve if they were socialized to be brave instead of socialized to be perfect.
即使我们雄心勃勃，即使我们向前一步，社会对完美的要求也会让我们在职业发展中选择冒更小的风险。现在，在计算机和科技领域，有六十万个开放申请的工作职位，女性就业人数远远是落后的。这也意味着，我们的经济在所有创新以及女性能够解决的问题上落后了，如果她们被社会教育为更加勇敢，而不是被贴上"完美"的标签，就不会如此。
So in 2012, I started a company to teach girls to code, and what I found is that by teaching them to code I had socialized them to be brave. Coding, it's an endless process of trial and error, of trying to get the right command in the right place, with sometimes just a semicolon making the difference between success and failure. Code breaks and then it falls apart, and it often takes many, many tries until that magical moment when what you're trying to build comes to life. It requires perseverance. It requires imperfection.
在2012年，我创办了一家教女孩编程的公司，我发现，通过教她们如何编程，我能逐步引导她们变得勇敢。编程是一个无穷无尽的试错的过程，尝试在对的地方找到合适的指令，有时一个分号就能决定成功或者失败。编码不断出错，变成一盘散沙，之后要不断反复尝试，直到那个神奇的时刻来临，你想要设计的程序完成了。它需要持之以恒的努力，并且接受不完美。
We immediately see in our program our girls' fear of not getting it right, of not being perfect. Every Girls Who Code teacher tells me the same story. During the first week, when the girls are learning how to code, a student will call her over and she'll say, "I don't know what code to write." The teacher will look at her screen, and she'll see a blank text editor. If she didn't know any better, she'd think that her student spent the past 20 minutes just staring at the screen. But if she presses undo a few times, she'll see that her student wrote code and then deleted it. She tried, she came close, but she didn't get it exactly right. Instead of showing the progress that she made, she'd rather show nothing at all. Perfection or bust.
我们在项目进行过程中很快发现，女孩们害怕出错，害怕不完美。“每个女孩都能写代码”的项目老师向我讲述了同样的事。在第一周，当女孩们学习如何编程时，一个学生叫老师过去并且说，“我不知道要写什么编码。”老师会看到学生的屏幕上是一个完全空白的界面。如果老师不知道原因的话，她也许会想她的学生在过去的20分钟里只是在盯着屏幕发呆。但如果她点击几下撤销键，她就会看到学生写了代码随后又删掉了它们。她尝试了，她接近目标了，但是她没有完全答对。比起展现出写了一半的代码，她宁可什么都不展现。要么尽善尽美要么一事无成。
It turns out that our girls are really good at coding, but it's not enough just to teach them to code.
结果显示，女孩们非常善于编程，但仅教给她们如何编程是完全不够的。
My friend Lev Brie, who is a professor at the University of Columbia and teaches intro to Java tells me about his office hours with computer science students. When the guys are struggling with an assignment, they'll come in and they'll say, "Professor, there's something wrong with my code." The girls will come in and say, "Professor,there's something wrong with me."
我的朋友Lev Brie，是哥伦比亚大学的教授，他教授Java入门课程。他告诉我学生在开放的咨询时间里发生的故事。当男生们艰难应对一项作业时，他们会过来然后说，“教授，我编的程序出了点问题。”然而女生们会过来说，“教授，我出了点问题。”
We have to begin to undo the socialization of perfection, but we've got to combine it with building a sisterhood that lets girls know that they are not alone. Because trying harder is not going to fix a broken system. I can't tell you how many women tell me, "I'm afraid to raise my hand, I'm afraid to ask a question, because I don't want to be the only one who doesn't understand, the only one who is struggling." When we teach girls to be brave and we have a supportive network cheering them on, they will build incredible things, and I see this every day. Take, for instance, two of our high school students who built a game called Tampon Run，yes, Tampon Run -- to fight against the menstruation taboo and sexism in gaming. Or the Syrian refugee who dared show her love for her new country by building an app to help Americans get to the polls. Or a 16-year-old girl who built an algorithm to help detect whether a cancer isbenign or malignant in the off chance that she can save her daddy's life because he has cancer. These are just three examples of thousands, thousands of girls who have been socialized to be imperfect, who have learned to keep trying, who have learned perseverance. And whether they become coders or the next Hillary Clinton or Beyoncé, they will not defer their dreams.
我们必须要消除对女性社会化的完美主义，我们必须同时建立妇女团体，让女孩们知道她们并不孤单。因为再努力地尝试也无法修补一个破裂的系统。太多的女性朋友告诉我，“我害怕举手发言，我害怕问问题，因为我不想做那个唯一不懂的人，那个唯一挣扎的人。”当我们教女孩们要勇敢的时候，我们需要有支持她们的系统来鼓励她们。她们会有伟大的成就，我每天都看到这些事。举个例子，两个高中学生制作了一个游戏叫做“卫生棉逃亡”（译者注：和游戏“神庙逃亡”谐音）。对，卫生棉逃亡-- 来反对游戏中的月经标记和对女性的歧视。还有一个叙利亚难民，为了展示对新国家的爱而制作了一款应用程序，让美国人轻松了解民调。还有一个16岁的女孩，抱着一丝能救她患癌症的父亲的希望，建立了一套运算系统来帮助测算癌症是良性的还是恶性的。这只是成千上万个例子中的三个，成千上万个女孩被社会化为不完美的，她们学习如何不断尝试，学着如何持之以恒。无论她们未来会成为程序员或是下一个希拉里·克林顿，或是碧昂斯，她们都不会推迟自己的梦想。
And those dreams have never been more important for our country. For the American economy, for any economy to grow, to truly innovate, we cannot leave behind half our population. We have to socialize our girls to be comfortable with imperfection, and we've got to do it now. We cannot wait for them to learn how to be brave like I did when I was 33 years old. We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers, when it has the most potential to impact their lives and the lives of others, and we have to show them that they will be loved and accepted not for being perfect but for being courageous. And so I need each of you to tell every young woman you know -- your sister, your niece, your employee, your colleague -- to be comfortable with imperfection, because when we teach girls to be imperfect, and we help them leverage it, we will build a movement of young women who are brave and who will build a better world for themselves and for each and every one of us.
这些梦想对我们国家来说是多么重要。对美国的经济，对任何成长中的经济， 对真正的创新开发，我们不能丢下半数的人口。我们需要社会化地教女孩们适应不完美，我们现在开始就要这样做。我们不能让她们像我一样，到33岁才去学习如何变得勇敢。我们要在学校里，在她们职业的起步阶段教会她们勇敢，在她们最有潜力影响自己以及他人生活的时候教会她们勇敢。我们必须要让她们知道，她们会被爱被接受，不是因为完美，而是因为充满勇气。我需要你们每个人告诉你认识的每位年轻女士 -- 你的姐妹，你的侄女，你的雇员，你的同事 -- 习惯接受不完美，因为当我们告诉女孩们不必完美的时候，我们帮助她们利用这一点，打造更多勇敢的年轻女性，她们将为自己以及我们每个人建立更好的世界。
Chris Anderson: Reshma, thank you. It's such a powerful vision you have. You have a vision. Tell me how it's going. How many girls are involved now in your program?
克里斯·安德森：Reshma，谢谢你。你的远见卓识非常令人震撼。你很有眼光。你们的项目现在进行的怎么样了。现在有多少女孩加入了你的活动？
Reshma Saujani: Yeah. So in 2012, we taught 20 girls. This year we'll teach 40,000 in all 50 states.
Reshma Saujani：是的。在2012年，有20个女孩参与到我们的项目中。今年，我们有4万名来自美国50个州的女孩参与进来。
And that number is really powerful, because last year we only graduated 7,500 women in computer science. Like, the problem is so bad that we can make that type of change quickly.
这个数字真的很令人震撼，因为去年我们只有7500名女性拿到电脑科学的学位。问题很严重，所以我们才能快速做出改变。
CA: And you're working with some of the companies in this room even, who are welcoming graduates from your program?
CA：你和现在在会场里的一些公司合作，它们欢迎在你的项目中结业的学生吗？
RS: Yeah, we have about 80 partners, from Twitter to Facebook to Adobe to IBM to Microsoft to Pixar to Disney, I mean, every single company out there. And if you're not signed up, I'm going to find you, because we need every single tech company to embed a Girls Who Code classroom in their office.
RS：是的，我们大概有80个合作公司，从推特到脸书，还有Adobe，IBM，微软，皮克斯，以及迪斯尼，我是说，市面上的每一家公司，如果你还没和我们合作，我会找到你的！因为我们需要每个科技公司都在他们的办公室里设立“编程女孩”教室。
CA: And you have some stories back from some of those companies that when you mix in more gender balance in the engineering teams, good things happen.
CA：你有没有来自于那些公司的案例，当公司的工程组中性别比例更协调的时候，效果会更好吗。
RS: Great things happen. I mean, I think that it's crazy to me to think about the fact that right now 85 percent of all consumer purchases
are made by women. Women use social media at a rate of 600 percent more than men. We own the Internet, and we should be building the companies of tomorrow. And I think when companies have diverse teams, and they have incredible women that are part of their engineering teams, they build awesome things, and we see it every day.
RS：有许多太棒的事情了。对我来说，这样的情况令人疯狂：现在85%的消费行为来自于女性。女性使用社交媒体的频率是男性的六倍。我们是网络的拥有者，未来的公司也应由我们来创建。我想，当公司的团队更加多元化，当他们的工程组有卓越的女性加入后，他们会做出了不起的事情，我们每天都在看到这些情况。
CA: Reshma, you saw the reaction there. You're doing incredibly important work. This whole community is cheering you on. More power to you. Thank you.
CA：Reshma，你看到了现场观众的反应。 你在做一项非常重要的工作。整个人群都在为你欢呼打气。希望你更加成功。谢谢。
RS: Thank you.
RS:谢谢。