经济学人精读丨亚马逊雨林的未来
①Although its cradle is the sparsely wooded Savannah , humankind has long looked to forests for food, fuel, timber and sublime inspiration.
人类虽然起源于非洲稀树草原,但长期以来却一直依赖着森林来获取食物、燃料、木材与美妙的灵感。
①②两句进行铺垫,讲了森林的重要性。其中①句具体表现了森林之于人类的重要性:食物、燃料、木材和灵感。
For a nation that regards itself as the cradle of reason, the French display a peculiar fondness for homeopathy.作为一个常常以理性的摇篮自夸的国家,法国人却对顺势疗法情有独钟。
Will online higher education become widely accepted, or, will it just become a flash in the pan, dying in the cradle?线上高等教育会得以普及,还是昙花一现,胎死腹中?
Faced with the problem of his own succession in 2024, Vladimir Putin has decided to nip any protest in the bud.面临着2024年能否连任的压力,普京已下定决心将所有的抗议扼杀在摇篮中。
There are sublime temples and gardens in Kyoto, pristine tropical beaches in Okinawa and some of the world's best skiing in Hokkaido.京都有美丽的寺庙和花园,冲绳有原始的热带海滩,北海道还有几处世界上最好的滑雪胜地。
②Still a livelihood for 1.5bn people, forests maintain local and regional ecosystems and, for the other 6.2bn, provide a -- fragile and creaking -- buffer against climate change.
森林为15亿人口提供了生计,维持着当地以及区域的生态系统;对另外62亿人来说,森林提供了一个脆弱的缓冲带,以抵御气候变化的影响。
②句从生态环境角度体现了森林的价值所在。
首先对居住在森林周边的15亿人来说:a livelihood for 1.5bn people, forests maintain local and regional ecosystems; 其次对远离森林的62亿人来说:for the other 6.2bn, (forests) provide a -- fragile and creaking -- buffer against climate change.
Our city’s priority must lie in tackling deep-rooted social and economic problems with a view to improving the livelihood of our people.香港的首要任务是解决根深蒂固的社会经济问题,以改善民生。
China’s main task thus became ensuring that Russia would act as a buffer, at best a friendly and at least a neutral one, between itself and America.因此,中国的主要任务是确保俄罗斯在中美之间起到一个缓冲作用——最好向中方倾斜,最差也要保持中立。(政治不正确。)
They are struggling to build the infrastructure needed to prevent the economy hitting the buffers.他们在竭尽全力地建设基础设施,以防止经济陷入衰退。
From 2020, more people will leave the workforce each year than enter it, placing even more strain on the creaking economy.到2020年后,每年劳动力的数量将不断减少,这会给脆弱的经济雪上加霜。
③Now droughts, wildfires and other human-induced changes are compounding the damage from chainsaws.
如今,旱灾、森林大火和其它人为因素引发的变化进一步加剧了砍伐森林所造成的破坏。
③句讲了如今森林面临的一些问题。和①②两句“森林的重要性”形成对比转折,体现出问题的严峻性。
Droughts 旱灾; Wildfires 森林大火; Other human-induced changes 其它人为因素引发的变化; Chainsaws 乱砍乱伐。
Trump’s trade war could induce an economic crisis. 特朗普发动的贸易战可能会引发一场金融危机。
Many white-collar workers suffer from stress-induced insomnia. 很多白领饱受压力引发的失眠的困扰。
These days, China’s once bicycle-clogged streets are choked with cars.曾经,中国街道上自行车随处可见,而现在,到处都是汽车。
Now droughts, wildfires and other human-induced changes are making the woes from chainsaws worse.
④In the tropics, which contain half of the world’s forest biomass, tree-cover loss has accelerated by two-thirds since 2015; if it were a country, the shrinkage would make the tropical rainforest the world’s third-biggest carbon-dioxide emitter, after China and America.
热带地区的森林生物量占全球的一半,自2015年以来,森林覆盖率的下降速度加快了三分之二;如果把森林看成一个国家,这样的退化面积会使其成为世界上第三大二氧化碳排放国,仅次于中美。
④句列举具体数据,体现了森林破坏的严峻性,为③句的观点提供了数据支撑。
主干前面有一个状语:in the tropics 在热带地区。
Contain在这里是“包括”的意思,此外它还有一个常见含义,表示“遏制”,接近 control; stop sth from developing,比如:
Containing financial risks is a matter of national security.控制金融风险关乎国家安全。