我一直相信“多难兴邦”的,国家是这样,个人也是这样,经历的磨难越多,越有可能更加刚强坚毅,但是前提是,必须反思总结,吸取教训。
因为灾难,最能暴露出一个人的本性与内核。它能让你看到一直被忽视的问题和弱点,也能让你发掘出一直被封藏的潜质。
前段时间《纽约时报》上刊登了一篇文章,讲了这场疫情中的人情冷暖、真善美与假恶丑。文笔优美,情感真挚,今天在这里和大家分享一下。
今天的内容包括:
这篇文章开头先描述了意大利封城后民众乐观且丰富的生活状态:这两段话通过“It started... Then came... Finally...”引出意大利人在封城后的三种生活状态:(1)It started with national anthem 他们首先高唱国歌(anthem指 song of praise 颂歌,national anthem就是“国歌”的意思)(2)Then came the piano chords, trumpet blasts, violin serenades and even the clanging of pots and pansthe clanging of pots and pans 锅碗瓢盆的敲击声even “甚至”,表示更进一步,从逻辑上体现出丰富的生活。后面破折号进行了解释:all of it spilling from... and rippling across...all of it是前面四种演奏方式的同位语,it指前面四种演奏。“spilling from... and rippling across...”是V-ing形式的后置定语,补充修饰all of it,指“音乐从...中飘出来,穿过...”。spilling和rippling这两个词用得非常到位,体现出音乐的悠扬,而且V-ing形式的表达更有画面感,给人一种“余音绕梁”的感觉。(3)Finally, on Saturday afternoon, a nationwide round of applause broke out / for the doctors on the medical front lines / fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreak这句话虽然有点长,但我们只要划分清结构,也不难理解:其主干是:a nationwide round of applause broke out为谁鼓掌呢?后面通过for引出:for the doctors on the medical front lines这些医生做什么了呢?后面加了一个V-ing形式的后置定语,进行补充:fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreakoutbreak同epidemic,指“疫情”,endemic, epidemic,pandemic的区别我们在《世界各国疫情梳理》中分析过,建议前去复习/阅读。
expose在这里就是 uncover/show 的意思,指“揭露”,所以文中 the virus has exposed the flaws of those countries it has struck the hardest 就可以翻译成:病毒揭露了所受冲击最为严重的国家的问题。it has struck the hardest是countries的定语从句,strike在这里取其本意,指“打击”。后面通过 whether it be 举了三个例子:(1)the reflex for secrecy in China 中国本能性的隐瞒(2)the downplaying of the crisis in Iran 伊朗对危机的不重视(3)the initial confusion and fragmentation in the Italian response 最初,意大利回应混乱而分裂。be it (they) / whether it (they) be是一种很古典的用法,它可以用来举例。新概念英语4课文中也出现了类似的例子:After all, all living creatures live by feeding on something else, whether it be plant or animal, dead or alive.毕竟,所有的生物都是靠吃别的东西来生存的,不管是植物还是动物,死的还是活的。
Whether it be plant or animal 是对前面 all living creatures进行举例。
When sudden change occurs in your life, whether it be negative or positive, you must be brave to overcome with great joy.当你的生活中发生突然的变化,无论是消极的还是积极的,你应该鼓起勇气积极面对。
reflex这个词让人感觉很不舒服,它指“本能反应”,言外之意就是,在中国,隐瞒是一种常态、是一种习以为常的事。这个词超过了“就事论事”的范畴,带有明显的情绪。the downplaying of the crisis in Irandownplay指make sth seem less important than it really is,即“弱化、淡化”,也可以说play down,我们造个句子:President Trump had been trying to play down the risk posed by the coronavirus pandemic.特朗普一直在设法淡化新冠肺炎带来的风险。
the initial confusion and fragmentation in the Italian response这指的是意大利两党把疫情问题当作政治武器,我们在《各国疫情梳理》中讲到过。But to the extent that this is a virus that tries people's souls, it has also demonstrated the strengths of those national characters.但就某种程度而言,这一病毒也在考验人们的灵魂,它也展示出这些民族性格的力量。try one's souls,指“考验某人的灵魂”。
这段话列举了三个“the strengths of those national characters”的例子,第一个是中国:In China, patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring desperately needed food to the people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak.在中国,爱国的卡车司机冒着感染的危险,把急需的食物送到了疫情重灾区武汉。
desperately needed 体现出物资的紧缺
In Iran, videos show doctors in full scrubs and masks dancing to keep spirits up.在伊朗,有视频显示,医生们戴着口罩,全副武装,翩翩起舞,以振奋精神。
这句话的主干是「videos show+n.」,句子里的名词是doctors “医生”,其后面又两个修饰成分,第一个是in full scrubs and masks:scrubs就是“防护服”的意思,所以in full scrubs and masks是说,这些医生头戴口罩、身穿防护服;
第二个修饰成分是dancing to keep spirits up,这是V-ing结构的后置定语,修饰doctors,意思是,这些医生翩翩起舞,以振奋人的精神。In Italy, the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country's vacated streets, while social media feeds fill with encouraging, sentimental and humorous web videos.在意大利,感恩的姿态和音乐响彻这个国家空无一人的街道,社交媒体上充斥着鼓励、柔情和幽默的网络视频。
ring out above the streets/buildings可以翻译成“响彻...”;vacated streets可以翻译成“空无一人的街道”,vacated和vacant的区别是:vacant指街道等本来就空、未被占用,而vacated则有“清空/人为疏散”之意。feed在这里是熟词僻义,作名词,表示“推送”,比如 news feeds 新闻推送。我们看一个外刊里的句子,关于“沉迷社交媒体”这一话题:If for some crazy reason you don't check your Twitter or Facebook news feed every 10 minutes are you really missing out?如果因为某些疯狂的原因,你没有每10分钟就看一次推特或Facebook的消息,你真的就错过了什么(或:与世界脱轨)了吗?
lift the national mood和前面的keep spirits up对应,后面 it was still a heavy one 中,it 指的是national mood.后面的一段话围绕着“heavy one”展开,主要讲了两幅画面。Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised from tightly sealed masks have also spread across the web in recent days.主干是 Images of... have also spread across the web,意思是:...的画面也在网络上迅速传播。nurses collapsed from exhaustion指“护士因过度劳累而晕倒”,their faces bruised from tightly sealed masks 的意思是:他们因带着密封口罩而导致面部淤青。最近几天,护士因过度劳累而晕倒或因戴着密封的口罩而面部淤青的图片也在网上传播开来。On Saturday, one image circulating widely showed a nurse cradling the Italian peninsula in her arms.这句话的主干是:one image showed a nurse...,一张图片显示一位护士...image后面加了一个V-ing结构的后置定语,进行修饰:one image circulating widely 一张广为传播的图片。circulate widely和前面的spread across the web表达的都是同一个意思。nurse后面也加了一个V-ing结构的后置定语,进行补充:cradling the Italian peninsula in her arms.