【164】玛雅洞穴中发现的器物-一千年未动

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Artifacts Discovered in Mayan Cave ‘Untouched’ for 1,000 years

March 10, 2019

Archaeologist Guillermo de Anda stands next to pre-columbian artifacts in a cave at the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico, Tuesday, Feb. 19, 2019. Karla Ortega/Mexico's National Institute of Anthropology and History via AP)

Archaeologists have discovered about 200 Mayan artifacts in Mexico that appear to have been untouched for 1,000 years.

The artifacts were found inside a cave in ruins of the ancient Mayan city of Chichen Itza on Mexico’s Yucatán Peninsula. Mexico’s National Institute of Anthropology and History announced the discovery during a press conference in Mexico City.

The lead researcher on the project is Mexican archaeologist Guillermo de Anda. He called the cave a “scientific treasure.” He said the artifacts appear to date back to around A.D. 1000. "What we found there was incredible, and completely untouched," he added.

Pre-columbian artifacts sit in a cave at the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico, Tuesday, Feb. 19, 2019. (Karla Ortega/Mexico's National Institute of Anthropology and History via AP)

The findings included bone pieces and burnt offering materials. In addition, incenseburners, vases, plates and other objects were discovered. Some items included the likeness of Tlaloc, the rain god of central Mexico. The Mayans also had their own rain god, called Chaac. But experts believe the Mayans may have imported Tlaloc from other pre-Hispanic cultures.

The cave where the objects were found is part of a cave system known as Balamku or “Jaguar God.” The cave is about three kilometers east of the main pyramid of Kukulkan, which sits at the center of Chichen Itza. The stone city is described by the United Nations as “one of the greatest Mayan centers of the Yucatán Peninsula.”

The cave sits about 24 meters underground, with areas connected by passages. De Anda said some of the passages were so narrow that researchers had to crawl in or pull themselves through.

Pre-columbian artifacts sit in a cave at the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico, Tuesday, Feb. 19, 2019. (Karla Ortega/Mexico's National Institute of Anthropology and History via AP)

He added that his team had so far explored about 460 meters of the cave, and is unsure how far it stretches. The team plans to continue exploring the cave. Artifacts found will not be removed, but studied inside, he said.

The team accidentally found the artifacts while exploring Chichen Itza in an effort to learn more about its underground water system. A series of sinkhole lakes, known as cenotes, can be seen on parts of the surface. But the archaeologists are exploring other water sites below pyramids, temples and other buildings.

Water was always central to the city. Its name in Maya means “at the mouth of the well of the Water Wizards.”

Pre-columbian artifacts sit in a cave at the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico, Tuesday, Feb. 19, 2019. (Karla Ortega/Mexico's National Institute of Anthropology and History via AP)

The cave had been discovered by local people 50 years ago, but was not fully explored, de Anda said. He hopes the new discovery will help scientists better understand the history, lives and beliefs of people who lived in Chichen Itza. He said archaeologists believe there may be another undiscovered cave hidden under the pyramid of Kukulkan that could be connected to the latest find.

“Let’s hope this leads us there,” de Anda said. “That is part of the reason why we are entering these sites, to find a connection to the cenote under the (Kukulkan).”

I’m Bryan Lynn.

Bryan Lynn wrote this story for VOA Learning English, based on reports from the Associated Press, Reuters and Agence France-Press. Kelly Jean Kelly was the editor.

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Words in This Story

artifact – n. a simple object made by people in the past

cave – n. a large hole that was formed by natural processes in the side of a cliff or hill or under the ground

incredible – adj. very good or exciting

incense – n. a substance that burns with a strong, sweet smell, often used in religious ceremonies

crawl – v. to move on your hands and knees

sinkhole – n. a hole in the ground, especially in an area of limestone rock, that has been formed naturally

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