CHI - The Art Manifestation in a World of Commerce
1975年，法国赛车手 Hervé Poulain 参加了勒芒24小时耐力赛。为了脱颖而出，Poulain请美国雕塑家Alexander Calder为他的宝马3.0csl喷漆。艺术家只使用了原色（红、黄、蓝），在车身表面以宽条纹分布。在相同的元素和形式中使用不同的颜色，产生了汽车在移动的错觉。艺术技巧和工程技术的结合是考尔德的艺术方法。 Hervé Poulain 没有赢得比赛，但他取得了另一个成就-他建立了宝马艺术车项目。后来，许多杰出的艺术家将参加这个艺术项目，包括罗伊.利希滕斯坦，安迪.沃霍尔，罗伯特.劳森伯格，大卫.霍克尼和杰夫.昆斯。In 1975, French racing driver Hervé Poulain competed in the 24 Hours of Le Mans endurance race. To stand out, Poulain asked American sculptor Alexander Calder to paint his BMW 3.0 CSL. The artist used only primary colors (red, yellow, blue), distributing them in wide stripes on the surface of the car body. The use of different colors within the same elements and forms created the illusion that the car was moving. The combination of artistic techniques and engineering skills were Calders`s approach to art. Hervé Poulain didn`t manage to win the race, but he made another achievement – he established the BMW Art Car Project. Later, many outstanding artists would participate in this art project, including Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, Robert Rauschenberg, David Hockney, and Jeff Koons.
1977年，美国流行艺术的预言家罗伊·利希滕斯坦（Roy Lichtenstein）展示了他的宝马艺术车宝马320第5组。这位艺术家把他标志性的连环画风格反映在汽车上。“我想用画好的线条来代表这条路，这条路向我们展示了汽车的去向。该设计还显示了汽车所经过的景观，”利希滕斯坦说。那时，漫画艺术已经落后于利希滕斯坦的艺术道路，但它仍然对汽车设计产生了影响，比如“本日圆点”。当列支敦士登的艺术车准备就绪时，它同时举行了两次首映式：一次是在巴黎蓬皮杜中心作为艺术作品展出，另一次是在勒芒24小时的耐力赛上作为赛车展出，由 Hervé Poulain 和 Marcel Mignot驾驶。这辆车在总成绩中名列第九，在同级别中名列第一。In 1977, an American prophet of Pop Art, Roy Lichtenstein presented his BMW art car, BMW 320 Group 5. The artist reflected his signature comic strip style on the car. "With the painted lines, I wanted to represent the road that shows the car where to go. The design also shows the landscape that the car has driven through," said Lichtenstein. By that time, the comic art was already behind Lichtenstein`s artistic path, but still it had its influence on the car`s design, like "Benday dots". When Liechtenstein's art car was ready, it had two premieres at once: it was exhibited as a work of art at the Pompidou Center in Paris, and as a race car at the 24 Hours of Le Mans endurance race, run by Hervé Poulain and Marcel Mignot. The car finished 9th in the overall race and first in its class.
宝马艺术车项目也给了艺术家们一个实验的空间。因此，作为一个代表抽象表现主义的艺术家，罗伯特.劳森伯格（ Robert Rauschenberg ）是第一个使用摄影方法将图像传送到汽车上的人。1986年，艺术家拿着著名艺术家的画创作了他的艺术版宝马635 CSi.在他的设计中，劳森伯格使用了布龙齐诺（Bronzino）的《年轻人肖像》（Portrait of a Young Man）和让-奥古斯特·多米尼克·安格尔（ Jean Auguste Dominique Ingre）的《大宫女》（ La Grande Odalisque）他还 添加了几张树木、草地和沼泽地的照片，以强调与汽车相关的环境问题。The BMW Art Car Project also gave artists a room for experiments. Thus, an artist representing abstract expressionism, Robert Rauschenberg was the first who used photographic methods to transfer images to the car. In 1986, the artist took paintings by famous artists to create his artistic version of BMW 635 CSi. In his design, Rauschenberg used Bronzino`s Portrait of a Young Man and La Grande Odalisque by Jean Auguste Dominique Ingre. He also added several photos of trees, grass and swamps to highlight the environmental problems associated with cars.
宝马艺术系列的第十四辆车是由英国艺术家大卫.霍克尼（David Hockney）制造的。1995年，他将BMW850CSI从内到外呈现出来。大卫决定在车门上画出司机的侧影，让观众一窥车内情况。”宝马给了我一个汽车模型，我一次又一次地看了看。最后，我觉得把车展示得好像可以看到里面一样是个好主意。给汽车上漆的过程花了几个月。引擎盖上出现了风格化的发动机部件，从车门可以看到司机和后座上的一只腊肠犬。霍克尼坚持他的想法，试图使作品在视觉上透明，让机器内部从外部变得可见。The fourteenth car in the BMW Art series was made by the British artist David Hockney. In 1995 he presented BMW 850 Csi inside out. David decided to give the audience a glimpse into the interior by drawing the driver's silhouette on the door. "BMW gave me a model of the car and I looked at it time and time again. Finally, I thought it would be a good idea to show the car as if one could see inside," said the artisit. The process of painting the car took several months. Stylized engine parts appeared on the hood, and the driver and a dachshund in the back seat were visible through the door. Hockney persevered with his idea, trying to make the work visually transparent, allowing the inside of the machine to become visible from the outside.
2010年，美国画家杰夫·昆斯（Jeff Koons）参加了艺术计划，并展示了他的BMW M3GT2版本。他的设计代表了许多鲜明对比的线条的组合，这些线条象征着宝马汽车的力量和能量。“这些赛车就像生命，它们的力量强大且充满活力。您可以参与其中，加入其中，让自己用它的能量实现超越。引擎盖下有很多动力，我想让我的想法在车上得到超越——它真的是要和动力联系在一起。”昆斯说。昆斯的汽车和安迪·沃霍尔的汽车之间有相似之处。这就是为什么在车门上标有数字79以向安迪·沃霍尔致敬的原因。In 2010, American artist, Jeff Koons took part in the art project and presented his version of BMW M3GT2. His design represented a combination of many bright contrasting lines that symbolize the power and energy of BMW cars. "These race cars are like life, they are powerful and there is a lot of energy. You can participate with it, add to it and let yourself transcend with its energy. There is a lot of power under that hood and I want to let my ideas transcend with the car – it`s really to connect with that power.", said Koons. There are similarities between Koons`car and Andy Warhol`s one. That is why the number 79 is marked on the car door as a tribute to Andy Warhol.
中国多媒体艺术家曹斐于2017年推出了首款数码宝马艺术车。在宝马M6 GT3工作的艺术家创造了三个项目：一段时空旅行的精神修炼者的视频，增强现实功能描绘彩色光粒子可通过一个特殊的应用和宝马赛车。“对我来说，光代表思想。由于无法测量思想的速度，18号艺术车质疑人类思维边界的存在。我们正进入一个新的时代，在这个时代，大脑直接控制物体，思想可以转移，比如无人操作和人工智能。”曹斐评论。The first digital BMW art car was presented in 2017 by the Chinese multimedia artist Cao Fei. Working on BMW M6 GT3 the artist created three projects: a video on a time-traveling spiritual practitioner, augmented reality features depicting colorful light particles accessible through a special application and a BMW racing car. “To me, light represents thoughts. As the speed of thoughts cannot be measured, the #18 Art Car questions the existence of the boundaries of the human mind. We are entering a new age, where the mind directly controls objects and where thoughts can be transferred, such as unmanned operations and artificial intelligence.” commented Cao Fei.
宝马艺术车成为世界各地许多博物馆和画廊的倾慕之源，如巴黎卢浮宫、威尼斯格拉西宫、悉尼动力博物馆、纽约古根海姆博物馆等。宝马艺术车收藏的主要目标是在技术和艺术思维之间找到共同点，为表达创造力开辟新的机会。BMW art cars became the source of admiration in many museums and galleries around the world such as the Louvre in Paris, the Palazzo Grassi in Venice, the Powerhouse Museum in Sydney, the Guggenheim Museums in New York and many others. The main goal of the BMW art car collection is to find common ground between technical and artistic thinking, opening up new opportunities for expressing creativity.
Ernst Fuchs
Michael Jagamara Nelson
Ken Done
César Manrique
Matazo Kayama
Esther Mahlangu
A.R. Penck
Olafur Eliasson
Jenny Holzer
Sandro Chia
John Baldessari
by Arina Yakupova for CHI
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