译味译境 | 嵇康诗歌英译二首

 

述志诗二首（二） 

斥鸚擅蒿林，仰笑神凤飞。

坎丼蝤蛙宅，神龟安所归？

恨自用身拙，任意多永思。

远实与世殊，义誉非所希。

往事既已谬，来者犹可追。

何为人事间，自令心不夷？

慷慨思古人，梦想见容辉。

愿与知己遇，舒愤启其微。

岩穴多隐逸，轻举求吾师。

晨登箕山巅，日夕不知饥。

玄居养营魄，千载长自绥。

Expressing My Will: Two Poems

2

Quails have taken control of wormwood bushes,

they laugh at the soaring godly phoenix.

Beetles and frogs reside in shallow wells,

where will the godly turtle find his place?

I regret the awkward way I conduct myself;

often I am too thoughtful and stubborn.

Far from reality, removed from the world,

I care little for righteousness and fame.

Mistakes have been made in the past,

yet I still have hopes for the future.

Why must I fret about worldly affairs,

making my heart so ill at ease?

In deepest thought I turn to the ancients,

and long for a glimpse of their brilliant faces.

I wish to meet with an understanding friend,

to relieve my distress and share his mystery.

Rocks and caves attract many a hermit,

I would fly there to seek my masters.

I would ascend Mount Ji in the morning,

and even at dusk I would feel no hunger.

I would hide in the darkness to nourish my soul,

and to live in peace for a thousand years!

四言赠兄秀才入军十八章（十四）

息徒兰圃，秣马华山。

流蹯平皋，垂纶长川。

目送归鸿，手挥五弦。

俯仰自得，游心太玄。

嘉彼钓叟，得鱼忘筌。

郢人逝矣，谁与尽言？

A Tetrasyllabic Poem on Seeing off My Brother the Cultivated Talent to Join the Army (in eighteen stanzas)

14

We take a rest on the violet field,

and feed our horses along the flowery hill.

We shoot arrows across the moor,

cast our lines on the long stream.

My eyes see off the returning geese,

my fingers pluck the five-stringed zither.

Up and down, to my heart's content,

I let my mind roam through the Great Mystery.

How greatly I honor that fisherman 

who, catching the fish, forgets the trap.

The man from Ying is gone forever,

with whom can I share my words again?

1 最后两行用了《庄子·外物》中的典故：“筌者所以在鱼，得鱼而忘筌……言者所以在意，得意而忘言。吾安得夫忘言之人而与之言哉！”

This is an allusion to a passage in Zhuangzi: “the purpose of a fish trap is to catch fish; as soon as a fish is caught one forgets the trap ... the purpose of word is to express meaning; as soon as the meaning is caught one forgets the word. Where can I find one who forgets the word so that I can converse with him!”

2 “郢人”取自《庄子·徐无鬼》，比喻知音或知己。

This is another allusion to the book of Zhuangzi. The “man from Ying” is a metaphor for a friend with whom one can share one's feelings and thought, someone who "knows the tune."

“美国现代派诗人、诗歌翻译家庞德（Ezra Pound，1885—1972）曾说过，任何诗歌都有可译与不可译的成分。诗歌的音乐、格律无法从原语转换到译语，但诗歌的内容和意象则是可以转换的。他还认为，构成诗歌的精华，便是可译的内容和意象。我们非常认同这一观点。翻译，尤其是诗歌翻译，难免会导致原作某些特色的流失。面对这种情况，尽量准确地翻译原诗中的意义和意象，总比试图翻译原诗中不可再现的音韵格律更为明智可取。另外，庞德的好友，诗人与批评家艾略特（T. S. Eliot，1888—1965）也曾指出，“每一个时代都必须为自己翻译”，也就是说，诗歌翻译应该具有时代特征。在当今英美诗坛，自由诗早已成为诗人创作的主要诗体和译者译诗的主要形式。为此，我们认为诗歌翻译采用自由诗体不仅行之有效，也是大势所趋，因为它更能体现当今英美诗歌的时代精神以及读者的审美取向。” 

——整理自《竹林七贤诗赋英译》

吴伏生  Graham Hartill  编译

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