每周分子Molecule of the Week

Original ACS美国化学会 ACS美国化学会 2022-07-01

Molecule of the Week: Mirabegron

每周分子：米拉贝隆

米拉贝隆——一种多官能团化合物，是治疗膀胱过度活动症药物的有效成分。由安斯泰来（东京）（Astellas Pharma）以两种商品名（Myrbetriq和Betmiga）进行销售。

米拉贝隆激活膀胱逼尿肌中的β3肾上腺素能受体。激活受体可以使肌肉放松，让膀胱能够容纳更多的尿液。

然而，这种药物并非没有副作用。最常见的副作用是血压升高; 但还有许多其它疾病，包括口干、易患感冒和尿路感染。

尽管米拉贝隆为口服药，但其安全数据表(参见危害信息框）中列出的危害之一是口服毒性。除非病人服用的剂量是正常规定剂量的5-10倍，否则这种药是没有毒性的。

米拉贝隆信息速览

CAS登记号	223673-61-8
摩尔分子量	396.51 g/mol
分子式	C₂₁H₂₄N₄O₂S
外观	白色至类白色晶体或粉末
熔点	138–140 ºC
水溶性	不溶

米拉贝隆信息速览

GHS 分类*：急性毒性，口服，分类4
H302—吞食有害
GHS 分类：皮肤刺激性，分类1
H317—可致过敏性皮肤反应
GHS 分类：严重的眼刺激，分类2A
H319—致严重的眼刺激
分类：生殖毒性，分类2
H361—疑损害生育能力或未出生的孩子
GHS 分类：特定目标器官毒性，多次接触，分类2
H373—通过延长或重复接触致器官损害
GHS 分类：对水生环境有害，长期危害，分类1
H410—对水生生物极毒，且有长期影响

【关于每周分子】

自2001年以来，“每周分子”已成为广受欢迎的栏目。多数分子由读者推荐。每个结构都经由科学家审查，并以3-D和平面图像的形式显示，同时附有该分子简介。可以通过美国化学文摘社（CAS）提供的SciFinder中的CAS REGISTRY获取每周分子的更多信息。CAS REGISTRY中的每条物质信息都展示了物质的CAS登记号、索引名、通用名、商品名、书目信息等其他更多信息。发送邮件至motw@acs.org推荐您感兴趣的分子。

Mirabegron, a compound with multiple functional groups, is the active ingredient of drugs used for treating an overactive bladder. It is sold under the trade names Myrbetriq and Betmiga, both marketed by Astellas Pharma (Tokyo).

Mirabegron activates the β₃ adrenergic receptor in the detrusor muscle of the bladder. Activating the receptor relaxes the muscle, allowing the bladder to accommodate a greater quantity of urine.

The drug, however, is not without adverse side effects. The most common is elevated blood pressure; but there are many others, including dry mouth, susceptibility to colds, and urinary tract infection.

Although mirabegron is taken orally, one of the hazards listed in its safety data sheets (see hazard information box) is oral toxicity. But the medicine is not toxic unless the patient consumes 5–10 times the normally prescribed dosage.

Mirabegron fast facts

CAS Reg. No.	223673-61-8
Molar mass	396.51 g/mol
Empirical formula	C₂₁H₂₄N₄O₂S
Appearance	White to off-white crystals or powder
Melting point	138–140 ºC

Mirabegron hazard information

GHS classification*: acute toxicity, oral, category 4
H302—Harmful if swallowed
GHS classification: skin sensitization, category 1
H317—May cause an allergic skin reaction
GHS classification: serious eye irritation, category 2A
H319—Causes serious eye irritation
GHS classification: reproductive toxicity, category 2
H361—Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child
GHS classification: specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure, category 2
H373—Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
GHS classification: hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard, category 1
H410—Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects

*Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals. Explanation of pictograms.

About Molecule of the Week

MOTW has been a popular feature on ACS website since 2001. Many molecules are suggested by our website visitors. Every structure is reviewed by a scientist and displayed in 3-D and flat images with a brief description. Each week’s molecule also links to a sample record from the CAS REGISTRY, which is searched using SciFinder. Each record displays the registry number, index name and synonyms, bibliographic information, and more. Send us a molecule suggestion at motw@acs.org.

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