【预习】 仁爱版初中英语 八年级上册 Unit 2 Topic 2 知识汇总
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往期知识汇总：
| Unit 1 Topic 1 | Unit 1 Topic 2 | Unit 1 Topic 3 |
| Unit 2 Topic 1 |
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| tired | adj.疲倦的，疲劳的 | ['taɪəd] |
| cause | v.使发生，引起，导致n.原因，起因 | [kɔːz] |
| litter | n.废弃物，垃圾v.乱丢杂物 | ['lɪtə] |
| dustbin | n.垃圾箱 | ['dʌstbɪn] |
| fingernail | n.指甲 | [ˈfɪŋɡəneɪl] |
| meal | n.一餐(饭) | [miːl] |
| without | prep.没有,缺乏；不和……在一起 | [wɪ'ðaʊt] |
| article | n.文章；物品；冠词 | [ˈɑːtɪk(ə)l] |
| smoke | v.吸烟；冒烟；n.烟 | [sməʊk] |
| even | adv.甚至，即使 | ['iːvən] |
| cancer | n.癌，癌症 | ['kænsə] |
| energy | n.精力，活力，干劲 | ['enədʒi] |
| necessary | adj.必需的，必要的 | ['nesəˌsəri] |
| active | adj.积极的，活跃的 | ['æktɪv] |
| tomato | n.西红柿，番茄 | [tə'meɪtəʊ] |
| cabbage | n.卷心菜，洋白菜 | ['kæbɪdʒ] |
| staple | n.主食 | |
| wheat | n.小麦 | [hwiːt] |
| salt | n.盐，食盐 | [sɔːlt] |
| sugar | n.食糖 | ['ʃʊgə] |
| illness | n.病，疾病 | [ˈɪlnɪs] |
| weak | adj.虚弱的,无力的 | [wiːk] |
| cream | n.奶油，乳脂 | [kriːm] |
| ice cream | 冰淇淋 | |
| force | v.强迫，迫使 | [fɔːs] |
| childhood | n.童年，幼年 | [ˈtʃaɪldhʊd] |
| plate | n.盘子,碟子；一盘 | [pleɪt] |
| mad | adj.疯的 | [mæd] |
| taste | v.尝，品，吃；n.品味，审美 | [teɪst] |
| surprised | adj.感动惊讶的，出人意料的 | [sə'praɪzd] |
| watermelon | n.西瓜 | [ˈwɔːtəmelən] |
| potato | n.土豆，马铃薯 | [pə'teɪtəʊ] |
| potato chips | n.薯条 | |
| sandwich | n.三明治（夹心面包片） | ['sændwɪtʃ] |
| strawberry | n.草莓 | [ˈstrɔːbəri] |
| beef | n.牛肉 | [biːf] |
| biscuit | n.饼干 | [ˈbɪskɪt] |
| etc. | abbr.等等，以及其他 | |
| shower | n.&v.淋浴 | ['ʃaʊə] |
| fact | n.事实，真相；现实 | [fækt] |
| in fact | 事实上，实际上 | [ɪn'fækt] |
| unhealthy | adj.不健康的 | [ʌnˈhelθi] |
| chemical | n.化学品 | [ˈkemɪk(ə)l] |
| cigarette | n.香烟，纸烟 | [sɪɡəˈret] |
| body | n.身体 | [ˈbɒdi] |
| disease | n.病，疾病 | [dɪ'ziːz] |
| harm | v.&n.危害,伤害，损害 | [hɑːm] |
| smoker | n.吸烟者 | [ˈsməʊkə] |
| second-hand | adj.二手的，旧的 | |
| risk | n.危险，风险v.（使）冒…的风险 | [rɪsk] |
| possible | adj.可能，能做到 | [ˈpɒsəbl] |
| as...as possible | 尽量…地 |
P35_1_1a
P37 U2-T2B-1a
P39 U2-T2C-1a
Topic2 I must ask him to give up smoking.
【重点短语】
1.stay up late 熬夜到很晚
2.do morning exercises 做早操
3.throw litter around 到处乱扔垃圾
4.read in the sun 在太阳下读书
5.in the newspaper在报纸上
6.give up doing sth.
7.show sth. to sb.=show sb. sth.
8.It’s +adj.+ for sb. to do sth.
对某人来说做某事……
9.be careful not to do sth.
小心不要做某事
10.force sb. to do sth.
迫使某人做某事
11.leave for sp. 前往某地
12.as soon as… 一……就……
13.get/be mad 发疯
14.be surprised to do sth. 惊奇于做某事
15.in fact 事实上
16.as soon as possible 尽可能快的
【重点句型】
1.Staying up late is bad for your health.
熬夜到很晚对你的健康有害。
2.I must have a good rest.
我一定要好好休息。
3.You’d better not read in the sun.
你最好不要在太阳下读书。
4.I must ask him to give up smoking.
我一定让他放弃抽烟。
5.He thinks smoking can help him relax.
他认为抽烟可以帮他放松。
6.It may even cause cancer.
它甚至导致癌症。
7.May I borrow your newspaper and show it to my father?
我可以借你的报纸给我爸爸看看吗？
8.How terrible!多么糟糕呀！
9.It’s bad for your health.这对你健康有害。
10.It will keep you active during the day.
它会使你一天之间保持活跃。
【重点语法】
1. 情态动词must及其否定形式 must not
must 译为“必须做......”其否定意义“不必做......”，用don't have to/needn't/don't need to表示，而不用must not 。如：
--Must Ifinish it tonight?
--No, you don't have to.
must not 译作“禁止做......”。如：
You must not throw litter about.=Don't throw litter about.
别到处乱扔垃圾。
2. 情态动词may
①表示请求允许，译作“可以”。如：
May I come in? 我可以进来吗？
②表示推测，译作“可能”。如：
You may get a headache when you work too hard.
当你工作太累时你可能回感到头疼。
You may get a headache when you can't get enough sleep.
当你睡眠不足时，你可能会头疼。
【话题写作】
据报道，中国人每年在餐桌上浪费的粮食价值高达2000亿元，被倒掉的食物相当于2亿多人一年的口粮，这个数字不小。因此，我国政府号召全民“拒绝浪费，文明用餐”，加入“光盘行动”。请根据下面提示，联系实际，适当发挥，以Save Food and Eat Healthily为题，写一篇80-100词的短文。
Save food | 1.shouldn’t waste too much |
2.should eat up all the food | |
3.… | |
Eat healthily(健康地) | 1.shouldn’t eat junk food |
2. should eat a healthy and balanced diet | |
3.… |
范文：
Save Food and Eat Healthily
The Chinese people waste too much food every year, so our government has called on the people to save food and eat healthily. We middle school students should make a little contribution to it.To save food, we shouldn’t waste our food. We should eat up all the food. We shouldn’t order the food more than we can eat while dining out, because many people in the world don’t have enough to eat. To eat healthily, we shouldn’t eat junk food but healthy food. It’s good for our health to eat a balanced diet. We’d better not eat in small restaurants. The food and the oil they use are not clean or healthy enough. We’d better eat at school or at home if we have time.
Section C 1a. Read and understand.
妈妈们让吃的食物
妈妈们经常告诉自己的孩子应该吃什么。康康小时候，他妈妈经常跟他说，“不要吃太多盐或者糖。”她说这可能会让人生病。 马丽亚的妈妈经常把马丽亚照顾的很周到。例如，马丽亚的牙齿不好，所以她妈妈就不让她吃太多糖果或者冰激凌。 牛奶是健康的饮料。简并不喜欢喝，可是她妈妈经常逼她喝。她每天早上去上学前，都必须得喝一杯牛奶，因为她妈妈会监督她。 迈克尔小时候为了身体健康，必须得吃很多蔬菜和水果。有一次，迈克尔的盘子里有卷心菜。他一看到就生气了。但是他妈妈强迫他尝了尝。他很惊喜地发现卷心菜很好吃。
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