GIG：打造中国-东盟共同市场的十条建议

广州粤港澳大湾区研究院（GIG）立足湾区，服务国家，面向未来。研究院由著名学者郑永年教授担任理事长。

中英双语

Chinese/English打造中国-东盟共同市场实现亚洲区域高水平经济一体化20世纪80年代以来，经济全球化与区域经济一体化相生相长，成为推动全球经贸发展的两只巨轮。在亚洲，中国与东盟不仅是彼此最重要的经贸伙伴，而且是区域经济一体化的重要参与者与推动者。中国与东盟国家秉持开放包容的多边主义和区域主义原则，共同发起和参与了许多区域次区域合作机制，对亚洲区域经济一体化进程产生了重大且积极的影响。当前，世界经济面临急剧衰退、严重分化的巨大风险。面对复杂多变和更加不确定的内外形势，中国与东盟国家对推进更深层次的经济一体化有着共同的需求、共同的利益。中国和东盟可以通过建立中国－东盟共同市场，来有效应对日益严峻的逆全球化趋势和地缘政治剧变所带来的外部挑战，充分释放内生发展动力，不仅实现区域内部的可持续发展，而且为世界经济发展提供亚洲动力。中国是全球第二大经济体、亚洲第一大经济体，东盟是全球第六大经济体、亚洲第三大经济体，两者都是全球最重要的新兴市场。要实现这一目标，传统的自由贸易概念和制度安排已经不能满足中国－东盟经济一体化的需要，而建立中国－东盟共同市场，将对亚洲区域经济一体化产生引领示范作用，提振各方对中国、东盟及亚洲的信心；同时，一个开放包容的中国－东盟共同市场必将引领世界经济，为全球化走出低谷提供巨大动能。鉴于此，我们，广州粤港澳大湾区研究院，秉持着独立、客观、有效的研究理念，在此发起建立中国－东盟共同市场的10条智库倡议。

1

中国与东盟以更高水平经济一体化携手应对逆全球化、释放发展动能。

全球化逆潮兴起、冷战阴云重现、俄乌冲突等地缘政治危机正加剧全球需求萎缩和增长动能不足的矛盾，国际秩序失序的风险挑战仍在增加，各方对大国竞争可能失控的担忧进一步上升。亚洲不仅是全球地缘政治中心，而且是世界经济增长的稳定之锚，国际秩序不稳定性不确定性上升对亚洲地区正在产生非常负面的影响，一个直接的后果便是贸易碎片化风险的急剧上升。为了防范潜在的地缘政治冲突，不少跨国公司被迫采取“友岸外包”“近岸外包”，原本主要基于市场机制形成的产业链、供应链、价值链分工秩序被打乱。亚洲许多国家都在强化与贸易伙伴签署的双边、诸边贸易协定，以对冲国际秩序两极化和全球化逆潮带来的贸易转移成本和损失，但这在无形之中会加剧原产地规则等“意大利面条碗”效应。国际货币基金组织研究表明，贸易碎片化会造成高达7%的全球GDP损失，大致相当于德国和日本的年产出总和。中国与东盟同为高度外向型经济，受外部需求收缩和贸易碎片化的影响，未来经济健康持续增长面临严峻的外部挑战。贸易碎片化不仅导致中国与东盟从区域自由贸易中获得的红利缩水，还使双方全力推动的区域经济一体化陷入规则竞争、更难融合的局面。作为彼此最大的经贸合作伙伴，双方对于通过推进更深层次的区域经济一体化来保障已有的发展成果和获得更大的成果，有着同样迫切的需求。在此背景下，中国与东盟国家可以通过更深层次的经济一体化安排，有效应对外部挑战，在实现自身可持续发展的同时充分释放全球经济增长的亚洲动能。

2

中国与东盟以更高水平经济一体化推进各自内部的统一市场建设。
在中国方面，中国政府已经把建设一个统一的国内市场提到重大议事日程，而和东盟的经济一体化可以助力和加快这一进程。中国经济正处于转型升级的关键时期，伴随着沿海地带产业升级“腾笼换鸟”的进程，中国与东盟国家产业分工合作也处于进一步深化的关键时期。双方加深经济一体化，不仅可以给中国企业提供更大的市场空间，还可以助力中国加快形成国内统一大市场。在东盟方面，建立东盟单一市场一直是东盟的重要目标，和中国的市场一体化同样可以助力和加快东盟单一市场的进程。东盟对外合作的一个重要原则是坚持“一个东盟”，即对外合作不能成为东盟内部一体化的反作用力。与中国加深经济一体化，东盟不仅可以借助中国的市场力量，获得更大的一体化收益，还可以利用中国的资本、技术、管理、标准等，推动东盟成员国形成边境内议题的共识，破除东盟内部市场软硬联通的障碍。更重要的是，通过更好承接中国沿海地带加工制造业的转移，可提升东盟成员中欠发达国家的工业化水平，提升这些国家参与市场一体化的能力。

3

中国与东盟以更高水平经济一体化为区域和国际社会提供好的公共产品。
通过更深层次的经济一体化，中国与东盟将给区域和国际社会提供更多好的市场性、制度性区域公共产品：创造更大的市场空间和自贸红利，保持亚洲经济体在全球货物贸易中心的稳定地位，进而稳定全球产业链、供应链、价值链；缓解区域经贸规则碎片化，推动双向的制度型开放，为区域经贸规则的对接融合积累经验、提供示范；促进形成共同应对金融危机风险的区域金融稳定机制；促进形成有效的区域治理机制，增加国家间财政货币等宏观政策协调与治理协同的动力。

4

中国与东盟推动实现更高水平经济一体化的基础和条件已经趋于成熟。

中国与东盟已经建立起全面战略伙伴关系，中国与东盟国家的战略互信、政治互信长期稳步提升。中国与东盟经贸合作的紧密度持续上升，贸易规模跨越式扩大，双向投资快速增长，产业链、供应链合作更加紧密，金融领域合作持续深化，互联互通水平不断提高。中国－东盟自贸区历经了2010年1.0版、2019年2.0版，目前双方正积极推进3.0版的谈判。双方共同推动建立的《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）已经正式生效，是全球人口最大、经贸规模最大、最具发展潜力的自由贸易区。中国与东盟国家携手推动了澜湄合作、西部陆海新通道、中老泰经济走廊等次区域合作机制，取得了丰硕成果。这些现行的经济一体化的制度性安排取得重大进展，为双方推进更高水平的区域经济一体化奠定了良好基础。中国与东盟人文交流的广度和深度不断拓展，尤其在教育、文化、科技、环保、旅游等领域合作成果丰硕，对提升双边互信、促进中国与东盟全方位合作发挥了重要作用。

5

把打造中国－东盟共同市场作为双方推进更高水平区域经济一体化的目标。
中国－东盟共同市场是比自由贸易区更深层次的区域经济一体化安排。当前，中国与东盟正在围绕中国－东盟自贸区3.0版本开展谈判，内容涉及数字经济、绿色经济、投资、竞争等，但在经济一体化深度上，与共同市场的差距还很远，很难满足两大市场高水平对接融合的需求。从更深入推进中国－东盟经济一体化的需求看，我们建议应当超越当前中国－东盟自贸协定的框架，并借鉴东盟打造内部单一市场的经验，形成中国－东盟共同市场的目标愿景：(1) 强化产业链、供应链、价值链、创新链合作。在制造业、技术合作、数字经济、可持续发展、中小企业、基础设施等领域制定共同行动目标，推动中国产业转型升级与东盟国家工业4.0战略有机结合，建设更加紧密的区域贸易网络和生产网络。(2) 推动货物、服务、资本、技术、知识在中国与东盟成员国之间的自由流动。促进双方经济领域规则、规制、管理和标准的对接与融合，为企业和消费者打造低制度壁垒、低交易成本的区域单一市场。(3) 实现人文与社会领域高水平互联互通。打造中国－东盟高等教育区。推动以边境地区为先再逐步扩大的教育、卫生等软基础设施互联互通。完善从政府到民间多层次、多元主体的沟通交流网络，促进形成中国－东盟共同市场的区域认同。(4) 强化中国与东盟成员国之间的货币、财政、产业、汇率等宏观政策协调。共建应对全球和区域性危机的区域治理组织，逐步形成符合中国与东盟道路的共同市场治理架构，使建设共同市场的成果为全体成员共享。深化货币合作，建立推进经济一体化的区域性金融机构和结构基金，形成有效的区域金融稳定机制和货币体系。(5) 实现中国－东盟共同市场逐步扩围。以东盟为中心，以开放包容的多边主义和区域主义为旗帜，逐步吸引区外成员加入共同市场，推动区域次区域经贸合作机制融合发展，推动区域内外的自贸规则对接融合。

6

以尊重国家主权、包容差异、开放共享为原则推进中国-东盟共同市场建设。
明确维护各国主权的基本原则，以平等参与、协商一致、多元一体的“东盟方式”来推进中国—东盟共同市场建设。以包容差异、开放共享为原则，不搞排他性的一体化安排。打造中国－东盟共同市场是中国与东盟国家携手提供的区域性公共产品，旨在为构建开放共享的亚洲经济共同体和亚洲命运共同体提供范本，是为了产生更大的区域发展动能。中国－东盟共同市场是在发展导向下包容不同体制、不同发展水平、不同社会文化的经济一体化安排，具有更高的开放性、普惠性和均衡性。在共同市场的目标愿景下，中国－东盟共同市场建设更重视发展中成员和贸易落后成员的代表性和发展诉求；更注重为成员提供包容差异的过渡性安排和例外原则；更注重后进成员参与共同市场的能力建设；更重视促进区域均衡发展的机制与区域性组织建设。

7

以建设“共同服务市场”为重点推进中国－东盟共同市场建设。
从东盟的情况看，由于服务贸易规则更多涉及边境内的开放和监管议题，长期以来一直阻碍着东盟内部一体化进程；中国内部建设统一大市场的重大障碍也在于服务市场分割。为此，双方可紧密磋商，把建设中国－东盟共同服务市场作为重点，从技术服务、物流、旅游、娱乐、电子商务、职业培训、养老保健、环保等服务领域入手，探讨形成打造共同服务市场的重要支柱和行动计划。

8

形成早期安排和早期收获，增强各方信心。
在3~5年内取得一些重大的突破，以此增强双方建设中国－东盟共同市场的信心及对其他经济体的吸引力。利用领导人、部长、高官等多层次对话机制，广泛收集意见，并引导和支持政产学研媒各界开展高频次的对话交流。成立中国－东盟共同市场倡议工作组和专家组，建立工作机制。平等协商，形成共同市场建设的重大项目清单。在基础设施、供应链合作、信息技术、金融、产业园区、海洋经济、中小企业、能力建设、规则衔接等领域取得早期收获。积极响应马来西亚总理安瓦尔提出的建立亚洲货币基金的建议，将此作为亚洲基础设施投资银行、亚洲开发银行等机制的重要补充。

9

发挥重点地区以及自贸区自贸港等先行示范作用。
从推进路径看，可以采取“东盟单一市场+中国统一大市场”两头推进的路线，推进中国－东盟共同市场建设。中方从内推动的路线可以是先建立包括粤港澳大湾区、海南、广西、云南等在内的“南方共同市场”，与东盟单一市场形成对接，再扩大到全国层面。作为中国与东盟贸易投资往来最密切的地区，粤港澳大湾区可在中国－东盟共同市场建设中发挥支柱性和引领作用，应在大湾区内选择与东盟合作基础最好的地区作为中国－东盟共同市场的先行示范区。海南自由贸易港将东盟国家作为最重要的开放与合作对象，应利用其最高水平开放的制度优势，对中国与东盟共同市场建设中的重点和难点尤其是服务贸易规则衔接进行先行探索。广西、云南等地与东盟国家共建了许多边境经济合作区和跨境经济合作区，应发挥这些合作区在促进中国－东盟共同市场“软”“硬”基础设施互联互通上的先行示范作用。

10

尽快启动中国－东盟共同市场的可行性研究。
智库的责任在于通过提出政策倡议和促进形成民间共识等推动中国－东盟共同市场的形成。应鼓励和支持中国与东盟的智库围绕打造中国－东盟共同市场开展联合研究研讨，形成方案建议，计算不同方案给双方带来的成本与收益。

Building a China-ASEAN Common Market and Achieving High-Level Economic Integration in Asia

Since the 1980s, economic globalization and regional economic integration have grown together and become critical engines driving global economic and trade development. In Asia, China, and ASEAN are not only each other’s most important economic and trade partners but also key participants and promoters of regional economic integration. Adhering to the principles of open and inclusive multilateralism and regionalism, China and ASEAN countries have jointly initiated and participated in many regional and sub-regional cooperation mechanisms, which have significantly and positively impacted Asia’s regional economic integration process.Today, the world economy faces a huge recession risk and severe polarization. In the face of complex and uncertain situations, China and ASEAN countries share common needs and interests in promoting deeper economic integration. China and ASEAN can effectively respond to external challenges engendered by increasingly severe de-globalization and geopolitical upheavals by establishing a China-ASEAN Common Market to unleash their development momentum thoroughly. This will help achieve sustainable development within the region and provide Asian impetus for the world economy.China is the second-largest economy in the world and the largest in Asia, while ASEAN is the sixth-largest economy and the third-largest in Asia. Both are the most important emerging markets in the world. To achieve the goal of building a common market, traditional concepts and institutional arrangements of free trade can no longer meet the needs of China-ASEAN economic integration. Establishing a China-ASEAN Common Market will play a leading and exemplary role in Asian regional economic integration and boost the confidence of all parties in China, ASEAN, and Asia. At the same time, an open and inclusive China-ASEAN Common Market will surely boost the world economy and drive globalization out of the trough.Given this, the Guangzhou Institute of GBA (GIG) put forward this proposal and launched a think tank initiative to establish a China-ASEAN Common Market based on an independent, objective, and effective research philosophy.

1

China and ASEAN should join hands to deal with the wave of de-globalization and unleash development momentum with higher economic integration.
The rise of de-globalization, the re-emergence of Cold War sentiment, and the geopolitical crises such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict exacerbate the dilemma of shrinking global demand and insufficient growth momentum. The risk of a disordered international order is increasing, and there are further concerns that great power competition may get out of control. Asia is the global geopolitical center and the anchor of stability for world economic growth. Rising instability and uncertainties of the international order have a huge negative impact on the Asian region, raising the risk of trade fragmentation. To prevent potential geopolitical conflicts, many multinational companies are forced to adopt “friend-shoring” and “nearshoring” strategies, which disrupt the division of industrial, supply, and value chains based on market mechanisms. Many Asian countries have strengthened bilateral and plurilateral trade agreements with trading partners to offset the cost and loss of trade transfer caused by the polarization of the global order and de-globalization, which will inadvertently exacerbate the “Spaghetti Bowl Effect” including rules of origin. A study by the International Monetary Fund shows that trade fragmentation can cost as much as 7% of global GDP, roughly equivalent to the combined annual output of Germany and Japan.China and ASEAN are both export-oriented economies. Affected by the contraction of external demand and trade fragmentation, future economic growth will face severe external challenges. Trade fragmentation will not only reduce the dividends that China and ASEAN can gain from regional free trade but also plunge the regional economic integration, promoted by both sides, into a situation of rule competition and economic segregation. As each other’s largest economic and trade partners, it is urgent for both sides to secure existing cooperation results and achieve greater regional economic integration. In this context, China and ASEAN countries can effectively respond to external challenges through deeper economic integration arrangements and fully unleash the Asian momentum to promote global economic growth while achieving their sustainable development.

2

China and ASEAN can promote constructing their own internal unified markets with higher economic integration.
For China, constructing a unified domestic market is on top of the government’s agenda, and economic integration with ASEAN can help accelerate this process. China’s economy is in a critical period of transformation. With industrial upgrading in Chinese coastal areas, industrial cooperation, and division of labor between China and ASEAN countries is in a crucial stage of further deepening. Further bilateral economic integration will provide Chinese companies with greater market space and help accelerate forming a unified domestic market.For ASEAN, establishing an ASEAN single market has always been its important goal, and market integration with China can help accelerate the process. A key principle of ASEAN’s external cooperation is adhering to “One ASEAN”; external cooperation cannot counter ASEAN’s internal integration. With deeper economic integration with China, ASEAN can benefit from China’s huge market as a single entity, as well as using China’s capital, technology, management, standards, etc., to promote consensus on cross-border issues among member states, overcoming internal “tangible and intangible” market barriers. More importantly, ASEAN members will be better able to absorb the transfer of China’s coastal manufacturing industry, improve the level of industrialization of underdeveloped member countries, and enhance their ability to participate in market integration.

3

China and ASEAN can provide public goods for the region and the world with higher economic integration.
Through deeper economic integration, China and ASEAN will provide the region and the world with more market- and rule-based regional public goods: creating larger market space and free trade dividends, maintaining the position of Asian economies at the center of global goods trade, stabilizing global industrial, supply, and value chains; alleviating the fragmentation of regional economic and trade rules, promoting two-way institutional opening, accumulating experience and providing examples of rule-based regional economic and trade integration; promoting the formation of a regional financial stability mechanism that jointly responds to financial crisis; promoting the establishment of an effective regional governance mechanism, increasing the motivation for inter-governmental coordination on macroeconomic policies, such as fiscal and monetary policies.

4

The foundation and conditions for China and ASEAN to advance economic integration have matured.

China and ASEAN have established a comprehensive strategic partnership, and bilateral strategic and political mutual trust has steadily improved. China and ASEAN have seen more intimate economic and trade cooperation: the scale of trade has expanded by great leaps, two-way investment has grown rapidly, industrial and supply chain cooperation is getting much closer, and financial cooperation continues to deepen. The China-ASEAN Free Trade Area (CAFTA) is under negotiation on version 3.0, following version 1.0 in 2010 and version 2.0 in 2019. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) has entered into force, which is the free trade area with the largest population, the largest economic and trade scale, and the greatest development potential in the world. China and ASEAN countries have jointly promoted sub-regional cooperation mechanisms such as the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation, the new Western Land-Sea Corridor, and the China-Laos-Thailand Economic Corridor. Significant progress has been made among existing institutional arrangements, laying a good foundation for both sides to promote a higher level of regional economic integration. In addition, the breadth and depth of people-to-people and cultural exchanges between China and ASEAN continue to expand, especially in fields like education, culture, science and technology, environmental protection, and tourism, which has played an important role in enhancing bilateral mutual trust and promoting comprehensive cooperation between China and ASEAN.

5

Building a China-ASEAN Common Market as the goal of both sides to promote a higher level of regional economic integration.
China-ASEAN Common Market is a higher-level regional economic integration arrangement than the free trade area. Currently, China and ASEAN are negotiating on version 3.0 of CAFTA, which involves digital economy, green economy, investment, competition, etc. However, the level of economic integration under CAFTA is not enough to serve the high-level connection of two large markets, falling short of the common market concept. From the perspective of further promoting China-ASEAN economic integration, we suggest going beyond the CAFTA framework and learning from ASEAN’s experience in building a single internal market to form the vision of the China-ASEAN Common Market:(1) Strengthen industrial, supply, value, and innovation chain cooperation. Establish common action goals in manufacturing, technical cooperation, digital economy, sustainable development, small and medium-sized enterprises, and infrastructure. Promote the organic integration of China’s industrial transformation and upgrading with ASEAN countries’ Industry 4.0 Strategies and build a closer regional trade and production network.(2) Promote the free flow of goods, services, capital, technology, and knowledge between China and ASEAN members. Promote the alignment and integration of economic rules, regulations, management, and standards, and create a regional single market with low institutional barriers and transaction costs for enterprises and consumers.(3) Achieve high-level connectivity in the fields of humanities and society. Build a China-ASEAN Higher Education Zone. Promote the interconnection of soft infrastructure such as education and health, starting with border areas and gradually expanding. Improve the multi-level and multi-subject communication network from government to the private sector, and promote forming a regional identity for the China-ASEAN Common Market.(4) Strengthen macroeconomic policies coordination between China and ASEAN member states, including fiscal and monetary policies, industrial policies, and foreign exchange policies. Jointly build a regional governance organization to deal with global and regional crises and gradually form a common market governance structure in line with the development path of China and ASEAN, ensuring all members share the results. Deepen monetary cooperation, and establish regional financial institutions and structural funds to form an effective regional financial stability mechanism and monetary system.(5) Gradually expand the China-ASEAN Common Market. With ASEAN as the center, under the banner of open and inclusive multilateralism and regionalism, gradually attract countries from outside the region to join the common market, promote the integrated development of regional and sub-regional economic and trade cooperation mechanisms, and promote the connection and integration of free trade rules inside and outside the region.

6

Promote the construction of the China-ASEAN Common Market based on the principles of national sovereignty, respecting differences, and searching for common ground, opening, and sharing.
It is adhering to the basic principle of safeguarding national sovereignty, promoting the construction of a China-ASEAN Common Market with the “ASEAN Way” of equal participation, consensual agreement, and diversity in unity. Exclusive arrangements will not be an option based on respecting differences, opening, and sharing. China-ASEAN Common Market is a regional public good jointly provided by China and ASEAN countries, aiming to serve as an example for building an open Asian economic community with a shared future and to generate greater momentum for regional development. The China-ASEAN Common Market is a development-oriented economic integration arrangement that accommodates different systems, levels of development, and social cultures. The construction of the China-ASEAN Common Market pays great attention to the representation and demands of developing and trade-backward members, providing members with transitional arrangements and the principle of exception that accommodate differences, emphasizing capacity-building for less developed members and constructing regional mechanisms and organizations to promote balanced regional development.

7

Promote the construction of a China-ASEAN Common Market with a focus on building a “Common Service Market” .
For ASEAN, the level of services trade openness is subject to regulatory issues within the border, which have long hindered the internal market integration process; for China, segmentation of the services market has been the major obstacle to constructing a unified internal market. Therefore, both sides can consult closely on building a China-ASEAN common services market and discuss the formation of critical pillars and action plans for building a common services market, starting from technical services, logistics, tourism, entertainment, e-commerce, vocational training, elderly care, and environmental protection, above all other services fields.

8

Make early arrangements and achieve early harvests to enhance all-party confidence.
It is aiming for breakthroughs within 3 to 5 years to enhance both sides’ confidence in building the China-ASEAN Common Market and its attractiveness to other economies. Collect opinions extensively through multi-level dialogue mechanisms among leaders, ministers, and senior officials. Guide and support high-frequency dialogues and exchanges among government, industry, academia, research, and media parties. Establish a China-ASEAN Common Market initiative working group, expert group, and working mechanism. Negotiate on an equal footing to form a list of major construction projects. Aim for early harvests in infrastructure, supply chain cooperation, information technology, finance, industrial parks, marine economy, small and medium-sized enterprises, capacity building, and rule alignment. Actively respond to Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar’s latest proposal to establish an Asian Monetary Fund, taking it as an important supplement to existing institutions such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

9

Special areas, free trade zones, and free trade ports as pilot demonstration zones
The path to promote the construction of the China-ASEAN Common Market can be “ASEAN Single Market + China’s Unified Market”. China’s internal route could be to first establish the “Southern Common Market”, including the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), Hainan, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces, to connect with the ASEAN single market, and then expand the market scope nationwide. As the region with the closest trade and investment exchanges with ASEAN, the GBA can be a pillar leading the construction of the China-ASEAN Common Market. Within the GBA, areas with the best foundation for industrial cooperation should be selected as the pilot demonstration zones for exploring institutional arrangements of the China-ASEAN Common Market. ASEAN countries have been the most important trade partners to the Hainan Free Trade Port. It should take advantage of its highest level of openness to explore further strategies tackling critical construction chokepoints, especially alignment of services trade rules. Guangxi and Yunnan provinces have jointly established many border and cross-border economic cooperation zones with ASEAN countries. These cooperation zones should promote the interconnection of “soft” and “hard” infrastructure in constructing the China-ASEAN Common Market.

10

Start the China-ASEAN Common Market feasibility study as soon as possible.
As a think tank, GIG’s responsibility is to promote the formation of the China-ASEAN Common Market by proposing policy initiatives and promoting public consensus. We encourage and support Chinese, and ASEAN think tanks to carry out joint research and discussions on building a China-ASEAN Common Market, formulate proposals, and evaluate the costs and benefits of different proposals for both sides.

END

广州粤港澳大湾区研究院是“民间性质、官方支持、非营利性”的研究机构。研究院秉承独立、客观、有效的核心价值理念，汇聚海内外具有“国际视野，中国情怀”的学者和实践者，扎根真实世界，积极回应转型中国的重大政治、经济与社会问题，致力于知识创新和专业的政策研究，为政府、企业和社会组织提供政策咨询和解决方案。

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