一周热词 | 海地地震、二次出舱、人口计生法、大数据杀熟、藏羚羊“降危”

本周热词：

1. 海地地震

2. 第二次出舱活动

3. 人口计生法修改

4. 我国拟立法规范大数据杀熟

5. 藏羚羊“降危”

热词

01

海地地震

Haiti quake

▲ 8月18日，一名男子站在海地佩斯特尔一栋破损的房屋前。库坦 摄（图源：新华网）

The death toll from a powerful earthquake that struck southwest Haiti on Saturday climbed to 2,189, the Caribbean island's Civil Protection Agency reported on Wednesday.

8月18日，海地民防局消息，8月14日海地西南部强震的遇难人数已升至2189人。

The 7.2-magnitude quake also left more than 12,000 people injured, the agency tweeted, adding that rescue operations are still underway.

民防局在推文中称，本次7.2级地震还导致12000多人受伤，救援行动仍在进行中。

The earthquake was one of the strongest to hit the country, leaving numerous deaths and injuries in its wake, destroying houses and buildings and leading to the collapse of the island's hospital network.

本次地震是海地遭受的最强烈的地震之一，造成大量伤亡。房屋和建筑物被毁，海地的医疗系统陷入崩溃。

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Tuesday pledged the world body's support for Haiti in the aftermath of the massive earthquake.

8月17日，联合国秘书长安东尼奥•古特雷斯承诺，国际组织将为海地提供震后支持。

（英文来源：新华网）

Vocabulary:

underway  adj. 在进行中的；（船、火车等）在行进中的

in the wake 在…之后

pledge  n. 保证；诺言；誓约；抵押；质钱；抵押品 v. 保证给予（或做）；正式承诺；使保证；使发誓；抵押；典当；宣誓参加美国大学生联谊会

world body 世界组织；国际组织

in the aftermath of 在……之后

热词

02

第二次出舱活动

2nd spacewalk

（图源：微博@北京日报）

Chinese astronauts Nie Haisheng and Liu Boming have moved out of the Tiangong space station for the second extravehicular activity, or spacewalk, during their Shenzhou XII mission.

中国神舟十二号航天员聂海胜、刘伯明从“天宫”空间站成功出舱，进行第二次出舱活动。

The China Manned Space Agency said on Friday morning that Major General Nie, the mission commander, opened the hatch of the airlock cabin at 8:38 am and then floated out with Major General Liu.

据中国载人航天工程办公室8月20日上午消息， 8时38分，指令长聂海胜少将成功开启天和核心舱节点舱出舱舱门，与刘伯明少将一同出舱。

The pair have installed a foot restraint and an extravehicular operating platform on the robotic arm and will continue to work together to fulfill their tasks such as assembling and mounting some devices, according to the agency.

中国载人航天工程办公室称，聂海胜、刘伯明已完成在机械臂上安装脚限位器和舱外工作台等工作，后续将在机械臂支持下，相互配合开展空间站舱外有关设备安装等作业。

Another crewmember – Senior Colonel Tang Hongbo, who is taking part in his first spaceflight – will stay inside the station to monitor and support the extravehicular operations.

其间，首次执行飞天任务的汤洪波大校在舱内配合支持两名出舱航天员开展舱外操作。

（英文来源：China Daily 中文来源：央视新闻客户端）

Vocabulary：

extravehicular /ˌekstrəvəˈhɪkjələ(r)/  adj. 太空船外的；在宇宙飞船外部活动的；宇宙飞船外的，舱外的

spacewalk  n. 太空漫步，太空行走；航天舱外活动

restraint /rɪˈstreɪnt/  n. 约束力；管制措施；制约因素；控制；限制；克制；抑制；约束；（武力）阻止，制止，制伏；座椅安全带；安全装置

assemble /əˈsembl/  v. 聚集；集合；收集；装配；组装

mount  v. 准备；安排；组织开展；逐步增加；登上；爬上；攀登；骑上；乘上；跨上；镶嵌；安置；爬上（雌性动物的背）进行交配 n. 山；山峰；坐骑；衬纸板；载片；裱褙；托架；支撑架

crewmember  n. 组员；船员水手；工作班人员

spaceflight  n. 航天；宇宙飞行

热词

03

人口计生法修改

revised Population and Family Planning Law

（图源：全景视觉）

The revised Population and Family Planning Law, which allows Chinese couples to have three children, was passed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, on Friday.

全国人大常委会会议20日表决通过了关于修改人口与计划生育法的决定。修改后的人口计生法规定，一对夫妻可以生育三个子女。

The amended law stipulates that the country will take supportive measures, including those in finances, taxes, insurance, education, housing and employment, to reduce families' burdens as well as the cost of raising and educating children.

国家采取财政、税收、保险、教育、住房、就业等支持措施，减轻家庭生育、养育、教育负担。

The top legislature revised the law in order to implement the central leadership's decision to cope with new circumstances in social and economic development, and promote balanced long-term population growth.

修正草案旨在适应我国人口与经济社会发展新形势，促进人口长期均衡发展。

（英文来源：China Daily 中文来源：新华网、中新网）

Vocabulary:

the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress  全国人大常委会

amend  v. 修正，修订（法律文件、声明等）

stipulate /ˈstɪpjuleɪt/  v. 规定；明确要求

热词

04

大数据杀熟

big data-enabled price discrimination against existing customers

（图片来源：全景视觉）

A draft law submitted to China's top legislature for review has proposed to make provisions against big data-enabled price discrimination against existing customers.

个人信息保护法草案日前已提请全国人大常委会会议审查，“禁止大数据杀熟”拟入法。

According to a document published on the website of the State Administration for Market Regulation, business operators should not use data, algorithms or other technical information or means to influence users' choices, hijack traffic or disrupt the operations of website products and services provided by other business operators.

市场监管总局官网发布的文件提出，经营者不得利用数据、算法等技术手段，通过影响用户选择或者其他方式，实施流量劫持等行为，妨碍、破坏其他经营者合法提供的网络产品或者服务正常运行。

Companies would also be barred from fabricating or spreading misleading information to damage the reputation of competitors and need to stop marketing practices like fake reviews and coupons or "red envelopes" - cash incentives - used to entice positive ratings.

经营者不得虚构或传播误导性信息损害竞争对手的声誉，不得采取虚构用户评价，以红包、卡券等方式诱导用户发好评等营销行为。

（英文来源：Xinhua，China Daily）

Vocabulary：

provision /prəˈvɪʒn/ n. 提供；供给；给养；供应品；（为将来做的）准备；饮食供应；（尤指旅途中的）粮食；（法律文件的）规定，条款 v. 为…提供所需物品（尤指食物）

algorithm /ˈælɡərɪðəm/  n. 算法；计算程序

hijack /ˈhaɪdʒæk/  v. 劫持（交通工具，尤指飞机）；操纵（会议等，以推销自己的意图）

entice /ɪnˈtaɪs/ v. 诱使；引诱

热词

05

藏羚羊“降危”

Tibetan antelopes off endangered species list

（图源：全景视觉）

The Chinese government has recently ticked Tibetan antelopes off the endangered species list as the species' population surpassed 300,000 across the country in 2021, China Central Television (CCTV) reported on Monday.

据中央电视台8月9日报道，2021年我国藏羚羊数量已增至约30万只，近日，藏羚羊已从濒危物种名单中剔除。

Following giant pandas, this is the second wild animal in China to be downgraded from the endangered species in 2021, showing the progress of decades of nationwide conservation and crackdowns on poaching.

这是今年继大熊猫“降危”后，中国又一“降危”的野生动物，是我国几十年来生态保护和打击盗猎力度加强的表现。

Statistics from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration shows that the number of Tibetan antelopes living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has grown from around 70,000 to 300,000 over the past 30 years, CCTV reported.

据国家林草局统计，青藏高原的藏羚羊数量已从二十世纪八九十年代的不足7万，增加至目前的约30万只。

（英文来源：Global Times）

Vocabulary：

tick  v. 发出滴答声；滴答地走时；标记号；打上钩；打对号；n. 核对号；对号；钩号；记号；蜱，壁虱，扁虱（吸血寄生虫，有些种类传播疾病）；（尤指钟表的）滴答声；一会儿；一瞬间；一刹那；片刻；赊账；赊欠；赊购 

antelope /ˈæntɪləʊp/  羚；羚类动物

endangered  濒临灭绝的；有生命危险的

surpass 超过；胜过；优于

downgrade  使降职；使降级；贬低；降低；低估

conservation  保存，保持；保护

crackdown  严厉的打击；镇压

poach  v. 水煮，炖，煨（尤指鱼）；去壳水煮蛋；（在他人地界）偷猎，偷捕；盗用；挖走（人员等）

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