四六级翻译训练（一）| 艺术与工艺类翻译练习及备考干货
四六级备考
四六级备考进行时！
为了助力同学们备考，
外研社高等英语资讯推出
四六级听力、翻译考前系列训练，
帮助同学们利用碎片时间
积累听力、翻译考试要点！
今天起我们开始四六级备考的翻译训练~首先小编为大家带来艺术与工艺类文化翻译的练习~
翻译练习 英译汉
Oil painting and Mona Lisa
Oil painting is an important genre of Western painting. It is to paint on the canvas or other materials with pigments that are bound with a medium of dr ying oil[1]. The widely-known advantages of oil painting include a three-dimensional effect and the sheen that lasts for a long time[2]. The most world-famous work of oil painting is undoubtedly Mona Lisa by the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. The painting is a portrait of a woman who was seated elegantly, her hands quietly folded, gazing directly at the viewer, with a slight and subtle smile on her face[3]. The detail of the painting, especially the enigmatic expression on the woman’s face, is where the painting’s charm lies, which has aroused diverse interpretations over the past 500 years and has contributed to the continuing fascination of the work[4]. It has been acclaimed as the best-known, the most visited, the most written about, and the most reproduced work of art in the world. The painting is on permanent display at the Louvre Museum in Paris.
翻译小贴士
[1] 开头两句采用合译法，可以使结构紧凑，语言精练。
[2] 避免简单机械的字面对应。“a three-dimensional effect”可根据语意使用增译法，译作“立体质感强”；注意调整语序，使行文流畅。
[3] 本句有三个结构不同的状语，但全句结构严密，主次分明。译文可使用短句或四字词增加节奏感。
[4] 本句较长，为方便阅读可采用分译法。
油画与《蒙娜·丽莎》
油画是西洋画的一个重要画种，是用干性油调配的颜料在画布或者其他材质上作画。油画最广为人知的优点是立体质感强并能长期保持光泽。世界最著名的油画作品无疑是意大利艺术家列奥纳多 · 达 · 芬奇创作的《蒙娜 · 丽莎》。这幅画是一位女士的肖像画，画中人物坐姿优雅，双手交叠，凝视前方，笑容微妙。这幅油画的细节，尤其是画中女人脸上那令人难以捉摸的表情，正是该画的魅力所在。五百多年以来，它引发了各式各样的解读，使这件作品的魅力经久不衰。《蒙娜 · 丽莎》被誉为世界上最有名、观赏人数最多、评论最多、也是复制品最多的艺术作品。这幅画作永久陈列于巴黎的卢浮宫博物馆。
翻译练习 汉译英
中国结
中国结是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一，最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年的不断改进，已经成为一门优雅的艺术[1]。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用作装饰。红色是中国结的流行色。“结”在中文里意味着爱情、婚姻和团聚，人们常常把中国结作为礼物或饰品，以祈求好运，辟除邪祟[2]。这种形式的手工艺代代相传，如今在中国和世界各地越来越受欢迎[3]。
翻译小贴士
[1] 本句较长，可以考虑分译为两句，抓住两个关键信息（谁发明的，现在的情况如何）译为句子的主干，其他信息作为附加成分。
[2] 本句可译为两句，分别阐述中国结的意义和用途。
[3] 根据英语表达习惯调整结构。原文开头是主语，译文可以换为过去分词短语，再接主谓结构。
The traditional Chinese knot
The traditionalChinese knot, one of the most popular traditional folk arts in China, was first invented by craftsmen and has now become an elegant art after hundreds of years of improvement. In ancient times, people used it to record events, but nowadays it is used mainly for decoration. Red is a prevalent color for the traditional Chinese knot. “Knot” in Chinese stands for love, marriage, and reunion. The traditional Chinese knot is usually used as a gift or ornament, which is believed to bring good luck and eliminate ill fortune. Handed down from generation to generation, the art of traditional Chinese knot is becoming increasingly popular in China as well as in the rest of the world.
艺术与工艺类翻译 常用词汇与表达
为了创造更美好的世界，需要把外国艺术介绍到中国，更有必要把中国艺术传播到世界各地。想做好艺术与工艺题材的翻译，需要平时不断提升艺术修养，尤其需要留意积累艺术方面的知识和词汇。需知艺无止境，学无止境，译无止境。
相关词汇
写意 freehand style
青花瓷 blue-and-white porcelain
国画 Chinese painting
水墨画 ink and wash painting
工笔画 fine brushwork painting
女红 women’s needlework
脸谱 facial make-up design
辟邪 eliminate ill fortune
国宝 national treasure
代代相传 hand down from generation to generation
朴实厚重 simplicity and dignified heaviness
文化内涵 cultural connotation
四大名绣 four most famous types of embroidery
现代雕塑的先驱 forerunner of modern sculpture
表现主义的先驱 pioneer of expressionism
龙的传人 Descendant of the Dragon
文房四宝 Four Treasures of the Study
(brush, ink stick, paper, and inkstone)
岁寒三友 three friends of winter
(pine, bamboo, and plum)
君子四艺 four skills of a learned scholar
(ancient musical instrument, chess, calligraphy, and painting)
国家级非物质文化遗产名录
National Intangible Cultural Heritage List
谚语·名言
Music is the universal language of mankind.
音乐是人类共通的语言。
A picture is worth a thousand words. 一图抵千言。
The painter needs all the talent of the poet, plus hand-eye coordination. 画家需要有诗人一样的才华，还需要眼到手到的协调能力。
If your life is full, you will paint full pictures. If it is empty, your pictures will be empty, too.
生活充实，画才充实；生活空虚，画亦空洞。
字如其人。
The calligraphy is the index of the calligrapher. / Seeing the calligrapher’s characters is like seeing the person.
夫乐者，乐也，人情之所不能免也。
Music produces a kind of pleasure which human nature cannot do without.
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