10个小技巧，让你的口语和老外一样地道
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本文中文翻译为沪江英语原创，未经允许禁止转载
口语始终是英语学习者的必争之地，今天这篇文章，英大老生常谈，再来聊一聊提高口语水平的方法。
总体而言，口语的提高需要构建稳健的基础。要想使用英语流利地交流，要掌握巨大的词汇量和正确的发音。
Expand your vocabulary
扩大词汇量
Leaning new words day in, day out is a good way to widen your vocabulary. Commit to a suitable target: it can be three daily words or it can be ten daily words.
每天学习单词，这是扩大词汇量的好办法。制定一个合适的目标：可以是三个或者十个日常词汇。
Even if you only have time to learn one new word per day, it is still worth trying. By learning one word every day, after one year you will have learned 365 new English words.
即使你每天只有学习一个单词的时间，那也值得尝试。每天学习一个单词，一年之后你就会学到365个新单词。
Write the number down to remind yourself frequently. If you have a learning partner, share it with her so that she can check on your progress.
把学习词汇的数量写下来以频繁提醒自己。如果你有语言学习伙伴，和他一起分享，这样她就能监督你的进步。
Some good resources for words are the news, songs and TV shows, depending on your daily habits. If you love listening to music, pay attention to the lyrics and take note of the words you do not know.
一些学习单词的好资源要视你的日常习惯而定，如新闻、歌曲、电视节目。如果你爱听音乐，听歌的时候多看看歌词，并把不认识的的单词记在笔记上
Learn Words in Phrases and Chunks
以短语或者意群来记忆单词
It is important that you learn words in groups. For example, you refer to beverages as a glass of wine, a pint of beer, a cup of tea, a pot of coffee, etc. It is better to learn those phrases than merely wine, beer, tea and so on.
分组记忆单词很重要。例如，饮料可以是一杯葡萄酒，一杯啤酒，一杯茶或者一杯咖啡等等。学习这些短语远远比只学习红酒，啤酒，茶要好得多。
You can also benefit from learning words that are related. The moon has four phases during a lunar month: crescent, gibbon, waxing and waning. It is more efficient to learn all four words at the same time.
你会因学到相关词汇而受益。在一个农历月里，月亮会有四个变化过程：新月、满月、残月、月亏，同时学习4个新单词会更加有效。
Improve your pronunciation
改善发音
When using online dictionaries, make use of the little speaker symbol to check the pronunciation of any word that you are not sure about. There are English pronunciation tutorials on YouTube to teach you the many aspects of American English pronunciation.
当使用在线词典的时候，要充分利用那个发音的标志来检查你不确定的发音。在视频网站上，有英语发音的教程，它们会教你美式英语发音的方方面面。
When you are ready for something more challenging, try out tongue twisters.
当你做好准备去挑战，那就尝试一下绕口令吧。
Self-talk
与自己对话
Talk to yourself in English loudly. It can be anything from a suggestion like, “Shall we go get a glass of water?” or a reminder, “I need to do a load of laundry today.”
用英语跟自己大声对话。可以是任何内容，也可以是类似的提议，“一起去喝点东西呀？”或者是一种提醒，“我今天必须洗衣服。”
Alternatively, pick up a book and read a couple of pages out loud. This exercise might slow down your reading, but it will speed up your speaking skills.
或者拿起一本书大声地朗读几页。这种练习会放慢你的阅读速度，但是会提高你的口语技能。
You can also record yourself, listen to the recording and watch out for any wrong pronunciations. If it is possible, ask for feedback from a native speaker.
你也可以给自己录音，然后听录音寻找错误的发音。如果可以的话，向以英语为母语的人询问意见作为反馈。
Think in English
用英语思考
If you already think in English, it takes less time to produce or respond in everyday conversations. No translation needed!
如果你已经用英语思考，那么在日常的交流中就会节省很多时间。没必要进行翻译！
A good way to start rethinking is to keep a diary where you express your daily thoughts in English. It does not have to be perfect, it is more about getting out thoughts in English with less and less effort.
反思的好办法就是记日记，在日记中你要用英语去表达自己日常的看法。没有必要做到完美，更重要的是越来越自如地用英语表达出自己的看法。
Retell a story in English
用英语复述故事
Take the challenge a step further by retelling a story. You retrace other people’s line of thoughts in your own words.
进一步的挑战就是复述故事。你用自己的话来复述其他人的想法。
I would start with a familiar story from your culture. Your translation needs to convey not only the meaning of words but all rhetorical and cultural nuances.
可以从一个熟悉的故事开始。你的翻译不仅要传达字面意思，而且要表达出修辞和文化的细微差别。
Alternatively, you can choose different words to retell a simple story in English. Start from the basics, reading something like a fairy tale or a fable. Either way will be beneficial to your English communication skills.
或者你可以选择不同的词用英语来复述一个简单的故事。从基础开始，读类似于童话故事或者寓言故事的文本。无论哪一个都会对你的英语交流有所帮助。
Learning lessons
学习课程
Another option is to take a course online.
还有一个选择就是，在网上选择一门课程。
If you don't know how to pronounce correctly, you can find an appropriate course to help you develop your oral English.
自己学口语，往往不知道发音是否正确，也会不知道该学什么、练什么。选择一门合适的课程，可以帮你快速提高口语。
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Learn the natural flow of English
学习英语的流畅表达
Being able to say individual words correctly is great, but the secret of speaking fluently lies in the flow of sentences. Whenever you read a piece of poetry, listen to a melodic song or watch a hilarious sitcom, pay attention to the following:
能够说出单个的英语单词很棒，而流利的秘诀就在于句子的流畅。无论何时，当你读诗，听歌或者看有趣的情景喜剧的时候，都要注意以下几个方面：
Linking. Notice how native speakers link words together: joining two sounds, making a sound to disappear or changing a sound for a better flow.
连读。要注意以英语为母语的人是怎样连读单词的：把两个音连在一起从而使其中一个音消失，或者为了更加流畅的表达而改变一个音。
Contractions. Contractions are shortened forms of two words. For example:
缩写。缩写是两个词的缩写形式。例如：
I + am = I’m
he + will = he’ll
they + have = they’ve
do + not = don’t
Stress. There are stressed syllables in a word and stressed words in a sentence.
重音。每个单词里都有重音音节，每个句子里也都有重音单词。
Rhythm. The rhythm is the overall result of stress, contractions and linking. It is the ups and downs, the musical feature of English.
节奏。节奏是重音、缩写以及连读的结果。那是声音的高低起伏，是英语的音乐性特征。
Go to language cafes
去语言咖啡馆
If public speaking terrifies you (and I know it does for many), you can opt for language cafes. Those cafes create a friendly and relaxing atmosphere for people who want to practice and exchange languages.
如果公开讲话使你感到恐惧（我知道很多人都害怕），你可以选择去语言咖啡馆。这些咖啡馆为许多想要练习语言的人创造了友好且令人放松的环境。
Participate in public speaking events
参加公共演讲活动
Big universities, theaters and culture societies organize events like open debates, spoken word readings and improvised storytelling gatherings. These are places where you can come and mingle with like-minded people and practice speaking English.
大的学校、影院、文化社团都会组织大型活动，例如公开演讲、口语阅读以及即兴的故事演讲。这些就是你可以加入的活动，你可以与和你想法一样的人一起练习英语。
Many cities are now hosting TED where you can register to participate and share your innovative ideas.
许多大的城市都在举办TED演讲，在那里你可以登记报名加入其中，并且表达你有创意的想法。
提高口语的方法很多，关键在于坚持。上面这10个小技巧，大家可以根据需要来试试。
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编辑：然少