Legislative Updates (Issue 58) | 法宝双语新闻

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【责任编辑】Mani

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1.《中华人民共和国疫苗管理法》发布

2019年6月29日，十三届全国人大常委会第十一次会议通过《中华人民共和国疫苗管理法》，本法自2019年12月1日起施行。　

《疫苗管理法》明确地提出了疫苗应该实行最严格的监管，对疫苗的研制、生产、流通、预防接种全过程提出了特别的制度和规定。对研制过程中的生物安全控制和菌毒株、细胞株提出管理要求，对疫苗临床试验也作出特别管理规定。从事疫苗的生产活动，除了要符合药品管理法的一般要求之外，还应该符合行业的发展规划和产业政策，具备适度规模和产能储备以及保证生物安全的制度和设施。生产企业的法定代表人、主要负责人应该具有良好的信用记录，其他关键岗位的人员也应该具备相应的专业背景、从业经验。

《疫苗管理法》要求疫苗生产过程持续地符合核定的工艺和质量控制标准。对生产销售假劣疫苗的，申请疫苗注册提供虚假数据的，以及违反相关质量管理规范等违法行为，设置了更高处罚，并且明确要严格处罚到人，对违法单位的法定代表人、主要负责人、直接负责的主管人员和关键岗位以及其他的责任人员，给予严厉的资格罚、财产罚和自由罚。

1. The Law of the People's Republic of China on Vaccine Administration Issued

On June 29, 2019, the Law of the People's Republic of China on Vaccine Administration was adopted at the 11th Session of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress, effective from December 1, 2019.

The Law on Vaccine Administration clearly set forth the toughest supervision over vaccines, providing for the whole process of vaccine development, production, circulation, and vaccination. The Law puts forward management requirements for the biological security control, strains and cell lines in the research and development, as well as the special rules for vaccine clinical trials. In addition to meeting the general requirements of the Pharmaceutical Administration Law, the vaccine production activities should be carried out in line with the industry development plan and industrial policies by enterprises equipped with an appropriate scale, moderate capacity reserves, and the rules and facilities for biological safety. The legal representatives and primary persons in charge of production enterprises should have a good credit record, and the personnel in other key positions should also have corresponding professional background and working experience.

Moreover, the Law calls for the vaccine production process continuously subject to the approved process and quality control standards. Severer punishments will be imposed on those who produce and sell counterfeit and shoddy vaccines, provide false data for the application for registration of vaccines, and violate relevant quality management specifications. And it is clear that the punishments will be imposed on liable persons in a strict manner, that is, legal representatives, primary persons in charge, directly liable persons in charge, persons in key posts, and other liable persons of an entity that commits any violation should be given strict qualification, property, or freedom penalties. 

2.《最高人民法院关于为设立科创板并试点注册制改革提供司法保障的若干意见》发布

2019年6月21日，最高人民法院发布《最高人民法院关于为设立科创板并试点注册制改革提供司法保障的若干意见》。

《意见》明确了发行人在交易所发行审核环节的欺诈民事责任，明确发行人回答问题环节的陈述也是信息披露文件的组成部分。为统一裁判标准，积累和总结审判经验，将科创板上市企业的证券发行纠纷、证券上市合同纠纷、证券欺诈责任纠纷等一审民商事案件，由上海金融法院试点集中管辖。此外，意见还对发行人、保荐人、证券中介机构的信息披露民事责任认定进行了体系化规定等。同时，为了提高科创板违法违规成本，意见在刑事和民商事等方面均作出了明确规定。

此外，《意见》明确将建立健全与注册制改革相适应的证券民事诉讼制度，把提高投资者的诉讼能力和人民法院的司法能力两个方面作为基本进路，分别在完善现有证券代表人诉讼制度等方面提出了具体司法改革举措，以降低投资者诉讼成本，有效保护投资者合法权益。

2. SPC Issues Opinions on Providing Judicial Guarantees for Establishment of STAR Market and Pilot Program of Registration System Reform

On June 21, 2019, the Supreme People's Court (SPC) issued the Several Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Providing Judicial Guarantees for the Establishment of the STAR Market and the Pilot Program of the Registration System Reform.

According to the Opinions, the civil liabilities of issuers in fraudulent obtainment of issuance examination at the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE)are specified, and it is also clarified that the issuers’ statements in the link of answering questions are part of the information disclosure documents. In order to achieve the unity of adjudication criteria and accumulate and summarize the trial experience, disputes over securities issuance, disputes over a securities listing contract, disputes over securities fraud liability, and other civil and commercial cases under original jurisdiction involving enterprises listing on the STAR Market should be under the centralized jurisdiction of the Shanghai Financial Court on a pilot-program basis. The determination of civil liabilities for information disclosure of issuers, sponsors, and securities intermediaries is also systematically stipulated in the Opinions. The responsibilities in criminal, civil and commercial fields are clearly defined in the Opinions to raise the cost of violating laws and regulations in STAR Market.

In addition, the Opinions specify that the securities civil litigation system commensurate with the registration system reform will be established and improved with the enhancement of investors’ litigation capability and the judicial capacity of people's courts as the direction, and set forth specific judicial reform measures for the improvement of the existing securities representative litigation system, so as to reduce the litigation cost of investors and better protect their legitimate rights and interests.

3.《关于个人取得有关收入适用个人所得税应税所得项目的公告》发布

2019年6月13日，财政部、国家税务总局联合印发《关于个人取得有关收入适用个人所得税应税所得项目的公告》，自2019年1月1日起执行。

本《公告》明确，个人为单位或他人提供担保获得收入，按照“偶然所得”项目计算缴纳个人所得税。而房屋产权所有人将房屋产权无偿赠与他人的，受赠人因无偿受赠房屋取得的受赠收入，按照“偶然所得”项目计算缴纳个人所得税。但是房屋产权所有人将房屋产权无偿赠与配偶等直系亲属，以及赠与对其承担直接抚养或者赡养义务者、法定继承人等情况，不对当事双方征收个人所得税。

公告还明确企业在业务宣传、广告等活动中，随机向本单位以外的个人赠送礼品，以及企业在年会、座谈会、庆典以及其他活动中向本单位以外的个人赠送礼品，个人取得的礼品收入，按照“偶然所得”项目计算缴纳个人所得税，但企业赠送的具有价格折扣或折让性质的消费券、代金券、抵用券、优惠券等礼品除外。

3. Announcement on Application of Taxable Income Items for Individual Income Tax to Relevant Income Obtained by Individuals Issued

On June 13, 2019, the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration jointly issued the Announcement on the Application of Taxable Income Items for the Individual Income Tax to Relevant Income Obtained by Individuals, effective from January 1, 2019.

According to the Announcement, for the income obtained by an individual in providing guarantee for an entity or other person, the individual income tax should be calculated and paid under the item “contingent income”. Where a house property owner gives the house property to any other person as a free gift, and thus the donee obtains the donation income due to the acceptance of the house as a gift, the individual income tax should be calculated and paid under the item “contingent income”. However, if the house property owner gives the house property as a free gift to lineal relatives such as his/her spouse, or any person who directly performs the obligation of maintenance or support to him/her, or his/her statuary successor, among others, neither of the parties concerned should be subject to the individual income tax.

In addition, the Announcement makes it clear that for the income from gifts offered at random by enterprises to individuals other than their staff members in business promotion, advertising, or other activities, or gifts offered by enterprises to individuals other than their staff members during annual meetings, symposiums, celebrations, or other events, excluding the gifts such as coupons or vouchers of a nature of discount offered by enterprises, the individual income tax should be calculated and paid under the item “contingent income”.

4. 森林法、固体废物污染环境防治法草案提请审议

2019年6月25日，《中华人民共和国森林法（修订草案）》和《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法（修订草案）》第十三届全国人大常委会第十一次会议上被首次提请审议。

森林法（修订草案）新增“监督检查”一章，规范森林资源保护发展考核评价制度，强化森林资源保护的监督检查措施，明确有关生态环境损害赔偿的公益诉讼等内容。第64条规定，破坏森林资源给国家利益或者公共利益造成重大损失的，有关机关和组织可以依照国家有关生态环境损害赔偿的规定向法院提起诉讼，对责任者提出损害赔偿要求。

固体废物污染环境防治法（修订草案）在新增的第99条中规定，固体废物污染环境损害国家利益、社会公共利益的，有关机关和组织可以依照环境保护法、民事诉讼法、行政诉讼法等法律的规定向法院提起诉讼。此外，固体废物污染环境防治法（修订草案）还对生态赔偿金的使用进行了规定。

4. Revised Drafts on Forest Law and Law on Prevention and Control of Environment Pollution Caused by Solid Wastes Presented for Deliberation

On June 25, 2019, the Forest Law of the People’s Republic of China (Revised Draft) and the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Environment Pollution Caused by Solid Wastes (Revised Draft) were presented to the 11th Session of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People’s Congress for deliberation for the first time.

The Forest Law (Revised Draft) adds the Chapter of “Supervisory Inspection” to regulate the examination and evaluation system for the forest resources protection and development, enhance the implementation of supervisory inspection measures for forest resources protection, and clarify the public interest litigation of cases involving damages for harm to ecology and environment. According to Article 64, if any offender damages forest resources and causes any significant loss to state interests or public interests, relevant authorities and organizations may initiate legal proceedings with people’s courts in accordance with relevant provisions of the state on damages for harm to ecology and environment, and claim damages against liable persons.

Under Article 99 as added in the Law on Prevention and Control of Environment Pollution Caused by Solid Wastes (Revised Draft), where the environment pollution caused by solid wastes damages the national, social or public interests, relevant authorities and organizations may file lawsuits with the people’s courts according to the provisions of the Environmental Protection Law, Civil Procedure Law, Administrative Litigation Law, and other laws. In addition, this Revised Draft also provides for the use of ecological compensation.

5. 三部委推动重点消费品更新升级

6月3日，国家发改委、生态环境部、商务部印发《推动重点消费品更新升级 畅通资源循环利用实施方案（2019—2020年）》。　

方案要求，巩固产业升级势头，不断优化市场供给；增强市场消费活力，积极推动更新消费；提升消费支撑能力，完善配套使用环境；畅通资源循环利用，构建绿色产业生态。

方案明确，牢牢把握新一轮产业变革大趋势，大力推动汽车产业电动化、智能化、绿色化，积极发展绿色智能家电，加快推进5G手机商业应用，努力增强新产品供给保障能力。

5. Three Departments to Promote the Upgrading of Key Consumer Goods

On June 3, 2019, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and the Ministry of Commerce issued the Implementation Plan for Promoting the Upgrading of Key Consumer Goods and the Recycling of Resources (2019-2020).

The Plan calls for efforts to increase the momentum of industrial upgrading and continuously optimize the market supply, strengthen the market dynamism in consumption and actively promote the upgrading of consumer goods, improve the role of consumption in supporting economic development and optimize the environment for the use of consumer goods, and promote the recycling of resources and build a green industrial ecosystem.

The Plan clarifies that the general trend towards a new-round industrial reform should be grasped, the electric, intelligent and green vehicles in the automobile industry should be promoted, the green and intelligent home appliances should be developed, the commercial application of 5G mobile phones should be accelerated, and efforts should be made to strengthen the capability of guaranteeing the supply of new products.

6.“两高”公布关于证券期货犯罪司法解释

6月27日，最高人民法院、最高人民检察院联合公布《关于办理操纵证券、期货市场刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》和《关于办理利用未公开信息交易刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》。

《关于办理操纵证券、期货市场刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》共11条，主要内容有：明确了“以其他方法操纵证券、期货市场”的六种情形，“情节严重”、“情节特别严重”的定罪量刑标准，“自己实际控制的账户”的认定依据，“违法所得”的数额计算、认定标准，单位犯罪的定罪量刑标准，认罪认罚从宽处罚情形，以及操纵“新三板”证券市场的适用条件和认定标准等。

《关于办理利用未公开信息交易刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》共12条，主要内容有：明确了“内幕信息以外的其他未公开的信息”的范围，“违反规定”的内涵，“明示、暗示他人从事相关交易活动”的审查、认定标准，“情节严重”、“情节特别严重”的定罪量刑标准，“违法所得”的数额计算、认定标准，罚金刑的适用标准，以及认罪认罚从宽处罚情形等相关法律适用问题。

6. SPC and SPP Issue Judicial Interpretations on Securities and Futures Crimes

On June 27, 2019, the Supreme People's Court (SPC) and the Supreme People's Procuratorate (SPP) jointly issued the Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Handling of Criminal Cases Regarding Manipulating Securities and Futures Markets and the Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Handling of Criminal Cases Regarding Trading by Using Undisclosed Information.

With a total of 11 articles, the Interpretation on Criminal Cases Regarding Manipulating Securities and Futures Markets mainly clarifies six circumstances of manipulating the securities and futures markets by other means, the conviction and sentencing standards for serious or particularly serious circumstances, the basis for determining the accounts under one's actual control, the amount calculation and determining standards for illegal income, the conviction and sentencing standards for unit crimes, the circumstances of imposing lenient punishment on those admitting to guilt and accepting punishment, and the applicable conditions and determining standards for manipulating the securities market of the National Equities Exchange and Quotations, among others.

Consisting of 12 articles, the Interpretation on Criminal Cases Regarding Trading by Using Undisclosed Information specifies the scope of any undisclosed information other than the inside information, the connotation of the violation of provisions, the reviewing and determining standards for explicitly or implicitly advising others to engage in relevant transaction activities, the conviction and sentencing standards for serious or particularly serious circumstances, the amount calculation and determining standards for illegal income, the applicable standards for fines, the circumstances of imposing lenient punishment on those admitting to guilt and accepting punishment, and other issues concerning the application of law.

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