中英文字幕：马蹄内翻足（Clubfoot/Talipes Equinovarus）

      先天性马蹄内翻足是常见的先天性足畸形。由足下垂、内翻、内收三个主要畸形综合而成。以后足马蹄、内翻、内旋，前足内收、内翻、高弓为主要表现的畸形疾病。男性发病较多，可为单侧发病，也可双侧。畸形明显，一出生就能发现，因此疏忽的病例较少见，多能及早治疗，效果也较好，但畸形也易复发，应定期随访至骨骼成熟，约在患儿14岁后。病因尚不清楚。先天性马蹄内翻足无特殊药物治疗。

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Clubfoot(Talipes Equinovarus)

马蹄内翻足

Overview（概述）

This birth defect results in a shortening of the tendons on the inner side and rear of the foot, which causes the foot to be permanently twisted inward and upward. In about half the cases, both feet are affected. If left  untreated, the afflicted person will eventually walk on the outer side of the affected foot or feet.

　　这种先天性缺陷使足内侧和后方的肌腱短缩，引起足永久性向内上方扭曲。在半数病例，双足受累。若不及时治疗，病人最终只能用受累的脚的外侧行走。

Causes（原因）

Clubfoot develops in the womb. Doctors don't know exactly what causes the condition, but it may be caused by a genetic defect or a compression of the legs and feet that forces them to grow into an unnatural posture.

　　马蹄内翻足在宫内发育形成。目前尚不清楚究竟是什么原因导致这种情况，可能因基因缺陷或腿和腿受压使它们长成非自然的形状。

Treatment（治疗）

Clubfoot can be successfully treated with a variety of devices and procedures. Treatment begins shortly after birth. In some cases, a combination of exercises, braces, splints, a series of casts, and orthopedic shoes may provide the needed correction. In many cases, minor surgery may also be needed to release tendons of the foot or ankle to allow the foot to turn to the proper position.

　　马蹄内翻足可通过各种各样的装置和手术方式来成功治愈。出生后不久即开始治疗。在一些病例，联合锻炼、支具、夹板、一系列的石膏、矫形鞋可提供必要的矫正。在许多病例，需要做较小的手术以松解足踝部的肌腱，允许脚转到正常的位置。

（胡佰文　译）

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