其他
面对肺炎疫情,肠道研究者如何助力?
这是《肠道产业》第 166 篇文章
在当前这样的特殊时期,可能起效的新型治疗措施也应该遵循严格的流程,注重循证,要将风险最小化,不可贸然下结论和无序推广。
相关研究应主要在疫情缓和的时期,在临床一线专家有更多时间与精力情况下开展,避免与公共卫生相关的关键资源冲突,避免耽误防控疫情这一首要任务;
情况更为好转时,可以进一步开展更为广泛的研究,并做好样本收集等工作,以更深入的了解新型冠状病毒,为今后疾病的发现、防控和诊治提供经验。
推荐阅读《【疫情专栏】 传染病爆发时的伦理问题应对指南》一文。
新型冠状病毒受体在人体广泛分布
重视重症中老年人的微生态失衡
以心血管疾病为例,其肠道菌群几个重要的特征表现为:菌群多样性降低,维持肠道正常代谢、免疫的有益菌丰度减少,常见的条件致病菌如大肠埃希氏菌丰度显著增高(Naik S, et al. 2015)。
肠肺轴日益受到关注
肠肺轴:可能的工作机制
肠道微生物发酵膳食纤维以及淀粉产生的丁酸、乙酸和丙酸等短链脂肪酸,能通过血液循环进入到肺部组织;
未被代谢的短链脂肪酸能进入外周和骨髓进一步影响其免疫细胞的发育;
骨髓来源的细胞在远端身体部位如肺组织引发免疫反应;
肠道的免疫细胞如 IC2s,ILC3 和 TH17L 还可以过血液循环直接从肠道迁移到呼吸道影响呼吸系统的免疫活动;
微生物代谢产物去氨基酪氨酸(DAT)通过增强I型干扰素(IFN)反应来保护宿主免受流感病毒感染。
改善肠道菌群或有利于缓解肺部疾病
促进肠道微生态平衡的潜在方法
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