小词详解 | replenish

replenish 英 [rɪˈplenɪʃ] 美 [rɪˈplenɪʃ]

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外刊例句

• A third option is for banks to recognise the bad loans on their books and replenish their capital themselves.
  第三个选择是让银行承认账面上的不良贷款并自行补充资本。
  ——《经济学人》

• Some charging cables from obscure brands fray easily or are slow at replenishing your phone.
  一些不明品牌的充电线很容易磨损，要花很长时间才能给手机充满电。
  ——《纽约时报》

基本释义

[verb] fill (something) up again
[动词] 再次装满（某物）

深入解读

Replenish 一词源自拉丁语 plenus （满的），由前缀 re- （重新）+词根 plen （满的）+后缀 -ish （做……、使……）构成，其基本含义即“重新装满、补充”酒水、食物、燃料等消耗物，比如：

• 现在局势仍不太稳定，我们需要尽快补充食物和水。
  The situation is still volatile, we need to replenish food and water supplies as soon as possible.
• “你的酒杯要不要再斟满？”那调情老手问道。
  "Does your glass need replenishing?" the flirt asked.

这个概念也可以用来表示将库存、供给、精神等恢复到正常水平或状态，也就是“把……再备足、给……充注精力”，比如：

• 主粮储备通过从国外进口得到了补充。
  Staple food stocks were replenished by/with imports from abroad.
• 该迎宾员生病后便给解除了许多责任。然后她在这儿休养生息了几天。
  After her illness the usher was divested of much of her responsibility. Then she replenished herself here for several days.

而与之对应的名词 replenisher 则自然表示“补充物、补偿物、补充液”，比如：

• 土壤肥力补充物
  a soil replenisher

名著用例

The treasure trove of magical knowledge amassed by our ancestors must be guarded, replenished, and polished by those who have been called to the noble profession of teaching.
我们的祖先积累下的珍贵的魔法知识宝库，必须由那些有幸从事高贵的教育职业的人们对它们加以保护、补充和完善。

出自英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第五本《哈利·波特与凤凰社》（Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix）。《哈利·波特与凤凰社》讲述在又一个暑假中，哈利·波特被困在女贞路4号，遭到摄魂怪的突然袭击之后发生的事情。

同近义词

• refill: fill (a container) again
• recharge: restore an electric charge to (a battery or a battery-operated device) by connecting it to a device that draws power from another source of electricity
• reload: load (something, especially a gun that has been fired) again

往期回顾