小词详解 | plea
plea 英 [pliː] 美 [pliː]
考研 CET6 TEM8
外刊例句
Despite his plea, the rouble is falling: on January 21st it dropped to more than 85 to the dollar, a record low.
尽管他这般恳求,卢布却仍在贬值:1月21日跌至1美元兑换超过85卢布,创历史新低。
——《经济学人》And his message was the same as it has been in the aftermath of numerous mass shootings: a plea for action to enact universal background checks and overhaul gun laws.
他要传达的讯息,也和多次大规模枪击事件发生后的一样:请求采取行动,实行普遍的背景核查并全面修订枪支管理法律。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[noun] a request made in an urgent and emotional manner
[名词] 以紧急和感人的方式提出的请求
深入解读
Plea 这个单词比较好记,在拼写上很容易将其与熟词 pea (豌豆)联系起来。
该词于13世纪初先后经古法语 plait (诉讼、决定、裁决)和英国法语 plai 进入英语,最初也是用来表示“诉讼、法律冲突”,不过这个含义现已不再流行。
但从法律诉讼这个概念出发,等到了14世纪末, plea 开始发展出现在的主要法律含义,表示被告或其律师在法庭上表明对被指控的罪名服或不服的“抗辩、辩护、答辩、申诉”,比如:
表示认罪
enter a guilty plea提出无罪申诉
enter a plea of not guilty从轻发落的请求
a plea in mitigation
而常用搭配 plea of sth 则相应用来表示向法院提供的“……的辩由、借口、托辞”,这也可以用来指各种推脱自己不应该被指责或被迫做某事的说辞,比如:
约翰谋杀了他爱张扬的妻子,但以精神错乱为由逃脱了惩罚。
John murdered his flamboyant wife, but got off on a plea of insanity.她推说头痛早退了。说到请假歇班,她什么花招都想得出。
She left early with the plea of a headache. When it comes to getting off work, she knows all the dodges.
进而 plea 被用来泛指“恳求、请求”,常作正式用语使用,多指以紧急和感人的方式提出的请求,通常出于自我辩护、寻求辩护或者呼吁理解、支持、同情、怜悯的动机,比如:
喘着气请求饶恕
gasp out a plea for mercy他简短地说:“相信我!”。与此同时,他那闪亮的凝视目光传神地表达了他的恳求。
He said with laconic brevity: "Trust me!" Meanwhile, his glistening gaze was eloquent in its plea.
名著用例
It would be the same thing all over. The old humiliation of her plea, rewarded by curt denial.
每次情况总是老样子:她低三下四地请求,人家三言两语把她打发走。
出自美国现实主义作家西奥多·德莱赛(Theodore Dreiser)创作的长篇小说《嘉莉妹妹》(Sister Carrie)。
同近义词
appeal: a serious or urgent request, typically one made to the public
entreaty: an earnest or humble request
petition: an appeal or request, especially a solemn or humble one to a deity or a superior
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