翻译备考 | 关键词汉译英 | 031 | "包袱"
汉语关键词
包袱、抖包袱、包袱皮儿、甩包袱、包袱底儿
英语关键词
cloth wrapper，bundle，bundle wrapped in a cloth，load，load on one’s mind，burden, mental burden，hindrance, millstone round one’s neck， suspending joke，cast off a burden, abandon aburden, get a load off one’sback，display a suspendingjoke, crack a suspending joke, reveal a suspending joke，family valuables, unseemly secret, unique skill
句子
说这段相声时，两位演员不断地抖包袱，逗得观众捧腹大笑。
误译
In the comic dialogue,the two performers continuously unfolded the cloth wrapper, which made the audience convulse with laughter.
正译
In the comic dialogue，the two performers continuously revealed suspending jokes，which made the audience convulse with laughter.
to unfold the cloth wrapper是“抖包袱”的字面意思，即“打开包袱”。在相声语言里，“抖包袱"比喻"揭示事先埋下的伏笔，以笑料逗听众开心”，应译为 to display a suspending joke, to crack a suspending joke, to reveal a suspending joke。
"包袱"的第一个意思是“包衣服等东西用的布'也称“包袱皮儿"。英语可以译为cloth wrapper。例如：
1.小女孩抱着一个洋娃娃，裹在一个包袱皮儿里。
The little girl carrieda doll in her arms, which was tucked in a cloth wrapper.
2. 在肮脏的包袱里有三双穿过的草鞋。
In the soiled cloth wrapper，there were three pairs of worn straw shoes.
"包袱”的第二个意思是“包有衣物等的布包儿”。英语可以译为 bundle。例如：
3.他试图努力打开包袱。
He tried hard to untie the bundle.
4.她手上拎着一个红包袱。
She carried a red bundle in her hand.
5.他把包袱放在桌子上。
He placed the bundle down on the table.
"包袱"的第三个意思是比喻“精神负担”。英语可以译为load, load on one’s mind, mental burden。例如：
6.他顾虑重重，背着沉重的思想包袱。
1) With endless worries, he has a heavy load on his mind.
2) With endless worries, he is weighed down by a mental burden.
7.她甩掉了思想包袱。
She abandoned her mental burden.
8.我劝你放下思想包袱，轻装前进。
I advise you to get the load off your back and make progress with ease and confidence.
“包袱”的第四个意思是比喻"使人沮丧、压抑或引起忧虑的事物”。英语可以译为 burden，hindrance,millstone round one’s neck。"甩包袱”可以译为 to cast off a burden, to abandon a burden, to get a load offone’ s back。例如：
9.他希望卸掉这个包袱。
He hoped to get rid of the burden.
10.你不应把赡养父母看成是包袱。
You shouldn’t consider supporting your parents as a burden.
11.她很高兴甩掉了这个包袱。
She was glad to be relieved of this burden.
12. 你不要把成绩当成阻碍前进的包袱。
You mustn’t turn your merits into a hindrance to your progress.
13.她的懒丈夫是她的一个包袱。
Her lazy husband is a millstone round her neck.
“包袱”的第五个意思是指“相声、快书等曲艺中的笑料”。英语可以译为 suspending joke。例如：
14.这个喜剧演员善于抖包袱。
The comedian is good at cracking suspending jokes.
“包袱底儿”的第一个意思是指"家庭常年不动用的或最贵重的东西' 也称"家底儿”或“箱子底儿”。英语可以译为family valuables。例如：
15.老妇人向子女们亮了包袱底儿。
The old woman showed her children their family valuables.
"包袱底儿”的第二个意思是比喻"隐私”。英语可以译为unseemly secret 。例如：
16.她总爱打听同事们的包袱底儿。
She is always fond of inquiring about the unseemly secret of her colleagues.
17.他喜欢在自己的博客里抖一些电影明星的包袱底儿。
He likes to reveal the unseemly secret about some film stars in his blog.
18.别揭人家包袱底儿。
Don’t expose the unseemly secret about other people.
"包袱底儿”的第三个意思是比喻“最拿手的绝技或过硬本领”。英语可以译为unique skill。例如：
19.他在比赛中亮出了自己的包袱底儿。
He showed his own unique skill in the contest.
20.在魔术表演中，魔术师在观众面前抖搂了他的包袱底儿。
In the magic show, the magician performed his unique skill in front of the audience.
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