顶刊推送 《The Journal of Finance》2022-77-1

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《The Journal of Finance》

Volume77  issue1

《金融杂志》成立于1946年，是由Wiley-Blackwell代表美国金融协会出版的双月刊同行评审学术期刊，是学术界公认的行业TOP3金融或财务刊物。该期刊被《金融时报》列为商学院研究评估的45本期刊之一，同时被《彭博商业周刊》评选为前20本顶级期刊之一。《金融杂志》发表了金融研究所有主要领域的领先研究成果。它是被引最用最多的金融学术期刊。每期杂志的读者遍及全球超过8000名学者、金融专业人士、图书馆、政府及金融机构。该杂志每年出版六次，是美国金融协会的官方出版物，美国金融协会是致力于研究和推广金融经济学知识的首要学术组织。
Edited By: Stefan NagelImpact factor:7.5442020 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics): 2/110 (Business, Finance)10/378 (Economics)Online ISSN:1540-6261

Catelog

1. Predictably Unequal? The Effects of Machine Learning on Credit Markets

ANDREAS FUSTER, PAUL GOLDSMITH-PINKHAM, TARUN RAMADORAI, ANSGAR WALTHER

2.  Forced Entrepreneurs

ISAAC HACAMO, KRISTOPH KLEINER

3. The Loan Covenant Channel: How Bank Health Transmits to the Real Economy

GABRIEL CHODOROW-REICH, ANTONIO FALATO

4. Monetary Policy Spillovers through Invoicing Currencies

TONY ZHANG

5.  Cultural Biases in Equity Analysis

VESA PURSIAINEN

6. Institutional Investors and Corporate Governance: The Incentive to Be Engaged

JONATHAN LEWELLEN, KATHARINA LEWELLEN

7. Non-Deal Roadshows, Informed Trading, and Analyst Conflicts of Interest

DANIEL BRADLEY, RUSSELL JAME, JARED WILLIAMS

8. Female Representation in the Academic Finance Profession

MILA GETMANSKY SHERMAN, HEATHER E. TOOKES

9. Increasing Enrollment in Income-Driven Student Loan Repayment Plans: Evidence from the Navient Field Experiment

HOLGER MUELLER, CONSTANTINE YANNELIS

10. Borrowing to Save? The Impact of Automatic Enrollment on Debt

JOHN BESHEARS, JAMES J. CHOI, DAVID LAIBSON, BRIGITTE C. MADRIAN, WILLIAM L. SKIMMYHORN

11.How Do Financial Constraints Affect Product Pricing? Evidence from Weather and Life Insurance Premiums

SHAN GE

12. Clients' Connections: Measuring the Role of Private Information in Decentralized Markets

PÉTER KONDOR, GÁBOR PINTÉR

13.Stock Market and No-Dividend Stocks

ADEM ATMAZ, SULEYMAN BASAK

14. Skill, Scale, and Value Creation in the Mutual Fund Industry

LAURENT BARRAS, PATRICK GAGLIARDINI, OLIVIER SCAILLET

15. Anomalies and the Expected Market Return

XI DONG, YAN LI, DAVID E. RAPACH, GUOFU ZHOU

Abstracts

01

Predictably Unequal? The Effects of Machine Learning on Credit Markets

ANDREAS FUSTER

PAUL GOLDSMITH-PINKHAM

TARUN RAMADORAI

Financial Economics at Imperial College Business School

ANSGAR WALTHER

Abstract: Innovations in statistical technology in functions including credit-screening have raised concerns about distributional impacts across categories such as race. Theoretically, distributional effects of better statistical technology can come from greater flexibility to uncover structural relationships or from triangulation of otherwise excluded characteristics. Using data on U.S. mortgages, we predict default using traditional and machine learning models. We find that Black and Hispanic borrowers are disproportionately less likely to gain from the introduction of machine learning. In a simple equilibrium credit market model, machine learning increases disparity in rates between and within groups, with these changes attributable primarily to greater flexibility.

02

Forced Entrepreneurs

ISAAC HACAMO

Indiana University. Discussant(s)

KRISTOPH KLEINER

Abstract: Conventional wisdom suggests that labor market distress drives workers into temporary self-employment, lowering entrepreneurial quality. Analyzing employment histories for 640,000 U.S. workers, we document that graduating college during a period of high unemployment does increase entry to entrepreneurship. However, compared to voluntary entrepreneurs, firms founded by forced entrepreneurs are more likely to survive, innovate, and receive venture backing. Explaining these results, we confirm that labor shocks disproportionately impact high earners, with these workers starting more successful firms. Overall, we document untapped entrepreneurial potential across the top of the income distribution and the role of recessions in reversing this missing entrepreneurship.

03

The Loan Covenant Channel: How Bank Health Transmits to the Real Economy

GABRIEL CHODOROW-REICH

Harvard University and NBER Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Economic

ANTONIO FALATO

Abstract: We document the importance of covenant violations in transmitting bank health to nonfinancial firms. Roughly one-third of loans in our supervisory data breach a covenant during the 2008 to 2009 period, allowing lenders to force a renegotiation of loan terms or to accelerate repayment of otherwise long-term credit. Lenders in worse health are more likely to force a reduction in the loan commitment following a violation. The reduction in credit to borrowers who violate a covenant can account for the majority of the cross-sectional variation in credit supply during the 2008 to 2009 crisis.

04

The Loan Covenant Channel: How Bank Health Transmits to the Real Economy

GABRIEL CHODOROW-REICH

Harvard University and NBER Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Economic

ANTONIO FALATO

Abstract: We document the importance of covenant violations in transmitting bank health to nonfinancial firms. Roughly one-third of loans in our supervisory data breach a covenant during the 2008 to 2009 period, allowing lenders to force a renegotiation of loan terms or to accelerate repayment of otherwise long-term credit. Lenders in worse health are more likely to force a reduction in the loan commitment following a violation. The reduction in credit to borrowers who violate a covenant can account for the majority of the cross-sectional variation in credit supply during the 2008 to 2009 crisis.

05

Monetary Policy Spillovers through Invoicing Currencies

TONY ZHANG

Tsinghua University, Beijing (TH)

Abstract: This paper explores the role of trade invoicing currencies in the international spillover of monetary policy. Using high-frequency measures of Federal Reserve monetary policy shocks, I show that exchange rates, interest rates, and equity returns in countries with a larger share of dollar-invoiced imports systematically respond more to U.S. monetary policy. I document similar transmission effects from European Central Bank (ECB) monetary policy shocks to countries with euro-invoiced imports. I rationalize these findings within a New Keynesian framework. As a result of these spillovers, domestic monetary policy should be less effective in countries with traded goods invoiced in foreign currencies.

06

Cultural Biases in Equity Analysis

VESA PURSIAINEN

University of St. Gallen. Date Written

Abstract: A more positive cultural trust bias by an equity analyst's country of origin toward a firm's headquarter country is associated with significantly more positive stock recommendations. The cultural bias effect is stronger for eponymous firms whose names mention their home country and varies over time, increasing with negative sentiment. I find evidence of a negative North-South bias during the European debt crisis and United Kingdom-Europe divergence amid Brexit. Share price reactions to recommendations by more biased analysts are weaker, and more biased recommendations are worse predictors of monthly stock returns. More positively biased analysts also assign higher target prices.

07

Institutional Investors and Corporate Governance: The Incentive to Be Engaged

JONATHAN LEWELLEN

KATHARINA LEWELLEN

Dartmouth College - Tuck School of Business.

Abstract: This paper studies institutional investors’ incentives to be engaged shareholders. In 2017, the average institution gains an extra $129,000 in annual management fees if a stockholding increases 1% in value, considering both the direct effect on assets under management and the indirect effect on subsequent fund flows. The estimates range from $19,600 for investments in small firms to $307,600 for investments in large firms. Institutional shareholders in one firm often gain when the firm's competitors do well, by virtue of institutions’ holdings in those firms, but the impact of common ownership is modest in the most concentrated industries.

08

Non-Deal Roadshows, Informed Trading, and Analyst Conflicts of Interest

DANIEL BRADLEY

a professor in the Kate Tiedemann School of Business and Finance and holds the Lykes Chair in Finance and Sustainability.

RUSSELL JAME

JARED WILLIAMS

Abstract: Non-deal roadshows (NDRs) are private meetings between management and institutional investors, typically organized by sell-side analysts. We find that around NDRs, local institutional investors trade heavily and profitably, while retail trading is significantly less informed. Analysts who sponsor NDRs issue significantly more optimistic recommendations and target prices, together with more “beatable” earnings forecasts, consistent with analysts issuing strategically biased forecasts to win NDR business. Our results suggest that NDRs result in a substantial information advantage for institutional investors and create significant conflicts of interests for the analysts who organize them.

09

Female Representation in the Academic Finance Profession

MILA GETMANSKY SHERMAN

HEATHER E. TOOKES

Professor of Finance, Yale School of Management .

Abstract: We present new data on female representation in the academic finance profession. In our sample of finance faculty at top-100 U.S. business schools during 2009 to 2017, only 16.0% are women. The gender imbalance manifests in several ways. First, after controlling for research productivity, women hold positions at lower ranked institutions and are less likely to be full professors. Results also suggest that they are paid less. Second, women publish fewer papers. This gender gap exists in research quantity, not quality. Third, women have more female coauthors, suggesting smaller publication networks. Time-series data suggest shrinking gender gaps in recent years.

10

Increasing Enrollment in Income-Driven Student Loan Repayment Plans: Evidence from the Navient Field Experiment

HOLGER MUELLER

the Nomura Professor of Finance at New York University Leonard N. Stern School of Business.

CONSTANTINE YANNELIS

Abstract: We report evidence from a randomized field experiment conducted by a major student loan servicer, Navient, in which student loan borrowers received prepopulated applications for income-driven repayment (IDR) plans. Treatment increased IDR enrollment by 34 percentage points relative to the control group. Using the random treatment assignment as an instrument for IDR enrollment, we furthermore provide local average treatment effect (LATE) estimates of the effects of IDR enrollment on new delinquencies, monthly student loan payments, and consumer spending. Our study is the first field-experimental evaluation of a U.S. government program designed to address the soaring debt burdens of U.S. households.

11

Borrowing to Save? The Impact of Automatic Enrollment on Debt

JOHN BESHEARS

the Terrie F. and Bradley M. Bloom Associate Professor of Business Administration in the Negotiation, Organizations & Markets Unit,

 JAMES J. CHOI

 DAVID LAIBSON

BRIGITTE C. MADRIAN

 WILLIAM L. SKIMMYHORN

Abstract: Does automatic enrollment into a retirement plan increase financial distress due to increased borrowing outside the plan? We study a natural experiment created when the U.S. Army began automatically enrolling newly hired civilian employees into the Thrift Savings Plan. Four years after hire, automatic enrollmentincreases cumulative contributions to the plan by 4.1% of annual salary, but we find little evidence ofincreased financial distress. Automatic enrollment causes no significant change in credit scores, debt balances excluding auto debt and first mortgages, or adverse credit outcomes, with the possible exception of increasedfirst-mortgage balances in foreclosure.

12

How Do Financial Constraints Affect Product Pricing? Evidence from Weather and Life Insurance Premiums
SHAN GE

in School of Life Science, USTC was established

Abstract: I identify the effects of financial constraints on firms' product pricing decisions, using insurance groups containing both life and property & casualty (P&C) divisions. Following P&C divisions' losses, life divisions change prices in a manner that can generate more immediate financial resources: premiums fall (rise) for life policies that immediately increase (decrease) insurers' financial resources. Premiums change more in groups that are more constrained. Life divisions increase transfers to P&C divisions, suggesting P&C divisions' shocks are transmitted to life divisions. Results hold when instrumenting for P&C divisions' losses with exposure to unusual weather damages, implying that the effects are causal.

12

Clients' Connections: Measuring the Role of Private Information in Decentralized Markets

PÉTER KONDOR

GÁBOR PINTÉR

Abstract: We propose a new measure of private information in decentralized markets—connections—which exploits the time variation in the number of dealers with whom a client trades in a time period. Using trade-level data for the U.K. government bond market, we show that clients perform better when having more connections as their trades predict future price movements. Time variation in market-wide connections also helps explain yield dynamics. Given our novel measure, we present two applications suggesting that (i) dealers pass on information, acquired from their informed clients, to their affiliates, and (ii) informed clients better predict the orderflow intermediated by their dealers.

13

Stock Market and No-Dividend Stocks

ADEM ATMAZ

SULEYMAN BASAK

Anna Pavlova, David Cass (deceased) and Juan Manuel Licari

Abstract: We develop a stationary model of the aggregate stock market featuring both dividend-paying and no-dividend stocks within a familiar, parsimonious consumption-based equilibrium framework. We find that such a simple feature leads to profound implications supporting several stock market empirical regularities that leading consumption-based asset pricing models have difficulty reconciling. Namely, the presence of no-dividend stocks in the stock market leads to a lower correlation between stock market returns and the aggregate consumption growth rate, a nonmonotonic and even negative relation between the stock market risk premium and its volatility, and a downward-sloping term structure of equity risk premia.

14

Skill, Scale, and Value Creation in the Mutual Fund Industry

LAURENT BARRAS

Journal of Financial Economics, Forthcoming

PATRICK GAGLIARDINI

OLIVIER SCAILLET

Abstract: We develop a flexible and bias-adjusted approach to jointly examine skill, scalability, and value-added across individual funds. We find that skill and scalability (i) vary substantially across funds, and (ii) are strongly related, as great investment ideas are difficult to scale up. The combination of skill and scalability produces a value-added that (i) is positive for the majority of funds, and (ii) approaches its optimal level after an adjustment period (possibly due to investor learning). These results are consistent with theoretical models in which funds are skilled and able to extract economic rents from capital markets.

15

Anomalies and the Expected Market Return

XI DONG

DAVID E. RAPACH

GUOFU ZHOU

Washington University, St. Louis

Abstract: I examine the effects of information asymmetry–driven mispricing on security issuance. Using predisclosure changes in purchase obligations as a proxy for information asymmetry–driven mispricing, I find that managers avoid (prefer) issuing securities when they perceive their firms to be undervalued (overvalued). The effects of information asymmetry–driven mispricing are stronger on equity issuance than debt issuance. Consequently, undervaluation (overvaluation) causes an increase (decrease) in leverage. These effects are more pronounced for firms, periods, and securities associated with greater information asymmetry. The stock-trading patterns that managers follow suggest that their perceived mispricing is an important factor in both private and firm-level decisions.

本期人员

收集

邢宇鑫

河南牧业经济学院

审核

王建洋

长春工业大学

编辑

王俊苏

重庆理工大学

编辑团队成员名单

李欣颖 青海民族大学 会计张澳 湖南大学 大四 会计学石庚岩 信阳师范学院 研二 会计学
吴伟 浙江工商大学 会计学 研三
王萃芳 东北财经大学 企业管理 博二
王俊苏 重庆理工大学 MPACC 研一

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